netty 接收数据 发送数据

代码如下。服务端是一个echo服务。程序中client和server都有读写操作，且两者的读写操作调用的底层结构相同。

package com.tcp;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

public class client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
            b.group(group)
                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    .option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true)
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
                            //p.addLast(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
                            p.addLast(new EchoClientHandler());
                        }
                    });

            // Start the client.
            ChannelFuture f = b.connect("localhost", 8080).sync();
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

package com.tcp;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

public class EchoClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

    private final ByteBuf message;

    public EchoClientHandler() {
        message = Unpooled.buffer(256);
        message.writeBytes("hello netty".getBytes(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        ctx.writeAndFlush(message);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
        System.out.println(((ByteBuf) msg).toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        ctx.write(msg);
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        ctx.flush();
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
        // Close the connection when an exception is raised.
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

package com.tcp;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

public class server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            ServerBootstrap boot = new ServerBootstrap();
            boot.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .localAddress(8080)
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new EchoHandler());
                        }
                    });

            // start
            ChannelFuture future = boot.bind().sync();
            future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            // shutdown
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }


}

package com.tcp;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

public class EchoHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
        ByteBuf in = (ByteBuf) msg;
        System.out.println(in.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        ctx.write(msg);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        ctx.flush();
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

接收数据

哪里触发接受操作

在NioEventLoop中有一个死循环，里面会调用WindowsSelectorImpl#select这个方法阻塞线程。当有新消息传入时阻塞结束，线程继续运行。

select:68, SelectedSelectionKeySetSelector (io.netty.channel.nio)
select:810, NioEventLoop (io.netty.channel.nio)
run:457, NioEventLoop (io.netty.channel.nio)
run:989, SingleThreadEventExecutor$4 (io.netty.util.concurrent)
run:74, ThreadExecutorMap$2 (io.netty.util.internal)
run:30, FastThreadLocalRunnable (io.netty.util.concurrent)
run:748, Thread (java.lang)

数据在哪里写入

setBytes:253, PooledByteBuf (io.netty.buffer)
writeBytes:1134, AbstractByteBuf (io.netty.buffer)
doReadBytes:350, NioSocketChannel (io.netty.channel.socket.nio)
read:151, AbstractNioByteChannel$NioByteUnsafe (io.netty.channel.nio)
processSelectedKey:719, NioEventLoop (io.netty.channel.nio)
processSelectedKeysOptimized:655, NioEventLoop (io.netty.channel.nio)
processSelectedKeys:581, NioEventLoop (io.netty.channel.nio)
run:493, NioEventLoop (io.netty.channel.nio)
run:989, SingleThreadEventExecutor$4 (io.netty.util.concurrent)
run:74, ThreadExecutorMap$2 (io.netty.util.internal)
run:30, FastThreadLocalRunnable (io.netty.util.concurrent)
run:748, Thread (java.lang)

发送数据

写操作触发（flush）

同步调用了SocketChannelImpl#write方法

doWrite:408, NioSocketChannel (io.netty.channel.socket.nio)
flush0:941, AbstractChannel$AbstractUnsafe (io.netty.channel)
flush0:354, AbstractNioChannel$AbstractNioUnsafe (io.netty.channel.nio)
flush:905, AbstractChannel$AbstractUnsafe (io.netty.channel)
flush:1372, DefaultChannelPipeline$HeadContext (io.netty.channel)
invokeFlush0:750, AbstractChannelHandlerContext (io.netty.channel)
invokeFlush:742, AbstractChannelHandlerContext (io.netty.channel)
flush:728, AbstractChannelHandlerContext (io.netty.channel)
channelReadComplete:36, EchoClientHandler (com.tcp)
invokeChannelReadComplete:410, AbstractChannelHandlerContext (io.netty.channel)
invokeChannelReadComplete:397, AbstractChannelHandlerContext (io.netty.channel)
fireChannelReadComplete:390, AbstractChannelHandlerContext (io.netty.channel)
channelReadComplete:1415, DefaultChannelPipeline$HeadContext (io.netty.channel)
invokeChannelReadComplete:410, AbstractChannelHandlerContext (io.netty.channel)
invokeChannelReadComplete:397, AbstractChannelHandlerContext (io.netty.channel)
fireChannelReadComplete:925, DefaultChannelPipeline (io.netty.channel)
read:171, AbstractNioByteChannel$NioByteUnsafe (io.netty.channel.nio)
processSelectedKey:719, NioEventLoop (io.netty.channel.nio)
processSelectedKeysOptimized:655, NioEventLoop (io.netty.channel.nio)
processSelectedKeys:581, NioEventLoop (io.netty.channel.nio)
run:493, NioEventLoop (io.netty.channel.nio)
run:989, SingleThreadEventExecutor$4 (io.netty.util.concurrent)
run:74, ThreadExecutorMap$2 (io.netty.util.internal)
run:30, FastThreadLocalRunnable (io.netty.util.concurrent)
run:748, Thread (java.lang)