python中的数组(列表)
整数
浮点数
字符串
对象
创建列表
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
number = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
mix = [1, '小甲鱼', 3.14, [1, 2, 3]]
print(mix)
运行结果:
向列表添加元素
append
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
number = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
mix = [1, '小甲鱼', 3.14, [1, 2, 3]]
member.append('福禄娃娃')
print(len(member))
运行结果:
调用append()函数,可以添加元素(只可以添加一个)
extend
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
number = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
mix = [1, '小甲鱼', 3.14, [1, 2, 3]]
member.append('福禄娃娃')
member.extend(['你好', '哈哈'])
print(len(member))
运行结果:
insert
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
number = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
mix = [1, '小甲鱼', 3.14, [1, 2, 3]]
member.append('福禄娃娃')
member.extend(['你好', '哈哈'])
member.insert(1, '牡丹')
print(member)
运行结果:
insert(1, ‘牡丹’) #1为插入元素的位置
从列表中获取元素
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
number = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
mix = [1, '小甲鱼', 3.14, [1, 2, 3]]
member.append('福禄娃娃')
member.extend(['你好', '哈哈'])
member.insert(1, '牡丹')
print(member[0])
运行结果:
从列表删除元素
remove
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
member.remove('黑夜')
print(member)
运行结果:
del
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
del member[2]
print(member)
运行结果:
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
del member
print(member)
其将整个member列表删除
运行结果:
pop
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
member.pop()
print(member)
运行结果:
也可以加上下标:
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
member.pop(0)
print(member)
运行结果:
列表分片
一次性获取多个元素
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
print(member[1:3])
运行结果:
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
print(member[:3])
运行结果:
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
print(member[1:])
运行结果:
member = ['小甲鱼', '小布丁', '黑夜', '安静']
print(member[:])
运行结果:
列表的一些常用操作符
比较操作符
逻辑操作符
连接操作符
重复操作符
成员关系操作符
list1 = [123]
list2 = [456]
print(list1 > list2)
运行结果:
list1 = [123, 456]
list2 = [456, 123]
list3 = [123, 456]
print(list1 > list2)
print(list1<list2 and list1==list3)
运行结果:
list1 = [123, 456]
list2 = [456, 123]
print(list1+list2)
运行结果:
list1 = [123, 456]
list2 = [456, 123]
print(list1*3)
运行结果:
list1 = [123, 456]
list2 = [456, 123]
list1 *= 5
print(list1)
运行结果:
list1 = [123, 456]
list2 = [456, 123]
list1 *= 5
print(123 in list1)
print(222 not in list1)
print(123 not in list1)
运行结果:
list3 = [123, [888, 666], 456]
print(888 in list3)
print(888 in list3[1])
运行结果:
访问列表中的列表值,其方法和C语言中访问二维数组的方法相同:list3[1][1]
list1 = [123, 456]
list2 = [456, 123]
list1 *= 15
print(list1.count(123))
print(list1.index(123))
print(list1.index(123, 3, 9))
list1.reverse() #实现列表翻转
print(list1)
运行结果:
list4=[4, 5, 3, 7, 2, 7, 1]
list4.sort()
print(list4)
排序
运行结果:
list4=[4, 5, 3, 7, 2, 7, 1]
list4.sort(reverse=True)
print(list4)
运行结果:
list4=[4, 5, 3, 7, 2, 7, 1]
list5=list4[:] #将list4的元素拷贝到list5中
list6=list4 #多一个指向其列表的标签
list4.sort()
print(list5)
print(list6)
运行结果: