ubuntu配置samba共享各自的用户目录

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现在网上有很多配置ubuntu samb的教程,但是大都是共享一个固定的目录。


我想配置成每个用户共享自己的用户空间,最终的配置文件如下:


#
# Sample configuration file for the Samba suite for Debian GNU/Linux.
#
#
# This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the
# smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed
# here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options most of which 
# are not shown in this example
#
# Some options that are often worth tuning have been included as
# commented-out examples in this file.
#  - When such options are commented with ";", the proposed setting
#    differs from the default Samba behaviour
#  - When commented with "#", the proposed setting is the default
#    behaviour of Samba but the option is considered important
#    enough to be mentioned here
#
# NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command
# "testparm" to check that you have not made any basic syntactic 
# errors. 

#======================= Global Settings =======================

[global]

## Browsing/Identification ###

# Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of
   workgroup = WORKGROUP

# server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field
	server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)

# Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:
# WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable its WINS Server
#   wins support = no

# WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
# Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both
;   wins server = w.x.y.z

# This will prevent nmbd to search for NetBIOS names through DNS.
   dns proxy = no

#### Networking ####

# The specific set of interfaces / networks to bind to
# This can be either the interface name or an IP address/netmask;
# interface names are normally preferred
;   interfaces = 127.0.0.0/8 eth0

# Only bind to the named interfaces and/or networks; you must use the
# 'interfaces' option above to use this.
# It is recommended that you enable this feature if your Samba machine is
# not protected by a firewall or is a firewall itself.  However, this
# option cannot handle dynamic or non-broadcast interfaces correctly.
;   bind interfaces only = yes



#### Debugging/Accounting ####

# This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
# that connects
   log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m

# Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).
   max log size = 1000

# If you want Samba to only log through syslog then set the following
# parameter to 'yes'.
#   syslog only = no

# We want Samba to log a minimum amount of information to syslog. Everything
# should go to /var/log/samba/log.{smbd,nmbd} instead. If you want to log
# through syslog you should set the following parameter to something higher.
   syslog = 0

# Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
   panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d


####### Authentication #######

# Server role. Defines in which mode Samba will operate. Possible
# values are "standalone server", "member server", "classic primary
# domain controller", "classic backup domain controller", "active
# directory domain controller". 
#
# Most people will want "standalone sever" or "member server".
# Running as "active directory domain controller" will require first
# running "samba-tool domain provision" to wipe databases and create a
# new domain.
   server role = standalone server

# If you are using encrypted passwords, Samba will need to know what
# password database type you are using.  
   passdb backend = tdbsam

   obey pam restrictions = yes

# This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to sync the Unix
# password with the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the
# passdb is changed.
   unix password sync = yes

# For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system, the following
# parameters must be set (thanks to Ian Kahan <<kahan@informatik.tu-muenchen.de> for
# sending the correct chat script for the passwd program in Debian Sarge).
   passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
   passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .

# This boolean controls whether PAM will be used for password changes
# when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in
# 'passwd program'. The default is 'no'.
   pam password change = yes

# This option controls how unsuccessful authentication attempts are mapped
# to anonymous connections
   map to guest = bad user

########## Domains ###########

#
# The following settings only takes effect if 'server role = primary
# classic domain controller', 'server role = backup domain controller'
# or 'domain logons' is set 
#

# It specifies the location of the user's
# profile directory from the client point of view) The following
# required a [profiles] share to be setup on the samba server (see
# below)
;   logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U
# Another common choice is storing the profile in the user's home directory
# (this is Samba's default)
#   logon path = \\%N\%U\profile

# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the location of a user's home directory (from the client
# point of view)
;   logon drive = H:
#   logon home = \\%N\%U

# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the script to run during logon. The script must be stored
# in the [netlogon] share
# NOTE: Must be store in 'DOS' file format convention
;   logon script = logon.cmd

# This allows Unix users to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.  The example command creates a user account with a disabled Unix
# password; please adapt to your needs
; add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser --quiet --disabled-password --gecos "" %u

# This allows machine accounts to be created on the domain controller via the 
# SAMR RPC pipe.  
# The following assumes a "machines" group exists on the system
; add machine script  = /usr/sbin/useradd -g machines -c "%u machine account" -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u

# This allows Unix groups to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.  
; add group script = /usr/sbin/addgroup --force-badname %g

############ Misc ############

# Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
# on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
# of the machine that is connecting
;   include = /home/samba/etc/smb.conf.%m

# Some defaults for winbind (make sure you're not using the ranges
# for something else.)
;   idmap uid = 10000-20000
;   idmap gid = 10000-20000
;   template shell = /bin/bash

# Setup usershare options to enable non-root users to share folders
# with the net usershare command.

# Maximum number of usershare. 0 (default) means that usershare is disabled.
   usershare max shares = 100

# Allow users who've been granted usershare privileges to create
# public shares, not just authenticated ones
   usershare allow guests = yes

#======================= Share Definitions =======================

# Un-comment the following (and tweak the other settings below to suit)
# to enable the default home directory shares. This will share each
# user's home directory as \\server\username
[homes]
   comment = Home Directories
   browseable = no

# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change the
# next parameter to 'no' if you want to be able to write to them.
   read only = no

# File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
   create mask = 0777

# Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
   directory mask = 0777

# By default, \\server\username shares can be connected to by anyone
# with access to the samba server.
# Un-comment the following parameter to make sure that only "username"
# can connect to \\server\username
# This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes
   valid users = %S

# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
[netlogon]
   comment = Network Logon Service
   path = /home/samba/netlogon
   guest ok = yes
   read only = yes

# Un-comment the following and create the profiles directory to store
# users profiles (see the "logon path" option above)
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
# The path below should be writable by all users so that their
# profile directory may be created the first time they log on
[profiles]
   comment = Users profiles
   path = /home/samba/profiles
   guest ok = no
   browseable = yes
   create mask = 0777
   directory mask = 0777

[printers]
   comment = All Printers
   browseable = no
   path = /var/spool/samba
   printable = yes
   guest ok = no
   read only = yes
   create mask = 0700

# Windows clients look for this share name as a source of downloadable
# printer drivers
[print$]
   comment = Printer Drivers
   path = /var/lib/samba/printers
   browseable = yes
   read only = yes
   guest ok = no
# Uncomment to allow remote administration of Windows print drivers.
# You may need to replace 'lpadmin' with the name of the group your
# admin users are members of.
# Please note that you also need to set appropriate Unix permissions
# to the drivers directory for these users to have write rights in it
;   write list = root, @lpadmin


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一. Samba 简介 Samba(SMB是其缩写) 是一个网络服务器,用于Linux和Windows共享文件之用;Samba 即可以用于Windows和Linux之间的共享文件,也一样用于Linux和Linux之间的共享文件;不过对于Linux和Linux之间共享文件有更好的网络文件系统NFS,NFS也是需要架设服务器的; 大家知道在Windows 网络中的每台机器即可以是文件共享的服务器,也可以同是客户机;Samba 也一样能行,比如一台Linux的机器,如果架了Samba Server 后,它能充当共享服务器,同时也能做为客户机来访问其它网络中的Windows共享文件系统,或其它Linux的Sabmba 服务器; 我们在Windows网络中,看到共享文件功能知道,我们直接就可以把共享文件夹当做本地硬盘来使用。在Linux的中,就是通过Samba的向网络中的机器提供共享文件系统,也可以把网络中其它机器的共享挂载在本地机上使用;这在一定意义上说和FTP是不一样的。 二. Samba的几个套件,安装及简单配置 sambasamba-client, samba-common 一句 sudo apt-get install samba samba-client 就能全部装上 启动samba也很简单: sudo /etc/init.d/samba start 设置samba的密码, 可以先添加samba用户, 必须是系统用户。 smbpasswd -a yourname 三. 互访 1)windows访问ubuntu windows访问ubuntu很简单, 先在ubuntu上设置共享目录即可, 鼠标右键点目录,选择sharing options, 够选share this folder,需要的话也可以够选下面的allow write 这时在windows的网络邻居中的网络中查找就能找到共享目录了,通过//host也行 2)ubuntu访问windows 第一种:在ubuntu的网络中直接浏览访问 位置->网络,点击界面中windows网络->workgroup,在workgroup组中就可以看到windows计算机名,双击会弹出输入用户名和密码的对话框,将我们上面设置smb的用户名和密码输入就可以进行访问。 第二种:用ubuntu 系统自带的连接到服务器功能访问 位置->连接到服务器,在服务类型中选择“windows共享”,在服务器中输入windows计算机的ip地址或计算机名,点击连接,这样在系统桌面中就会显示一个连接到windows 计算机的文件卷,里面就是windows计算机的共享目录了。 同样在访问的时候要输入smb的用户名和密码。 第三种:用mount’挂载windows的共享目录到本地磁盘 首先要在ubuntu系统中建立一个挂载点,在这里我们建立的挂在点为 /mnt/wind 同样在保证网络连接正常,且windows中有共享目录的前提下,进行一下操作 以windows的ip为192.168.0.1,共享文件夹为share为例 命令如下: mount -t smbfs –o username=wangyh,password=123456 //192.168.0.1/share /mnt/wind 有是这样在访问的时候会出现中文乱码的问题,这样我们可以按下面命令来执行,可以解决这个问题 mount -o smbfs -o iocharset=uft8,codepage=cp936,clmask=777,fmask=777,userneme=wangyh,password=123456 //192.168.0.1/share /mnt/wind 注解:usename和password都为smb的用户和密码,如果要详细了解mount命令,使用man mount在终端查看详细用法 第四种:使用smbclient 命令 一般来讲先列出所有共享目录,命令如下: smbclient –L //192.168.0.1/ -U yourname 输入smb的密码后,将看到共享目录列表。 假设进入共享目录share,命令如下: smbclient //192.168.0.1/share -U yourname 之后将看到一个smb:> 已经进入了smb模式,有些像ftp,敲help可以查看相关命令,get,put可以下载和上传文件。 五. 小结 以上几步,对于简单使用ubuntu和windows的文件共享于互访已经足够,更详细的资料可以参考:http://linux.vbird.org/linux_server/0370samba.php#server_pkg

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