php错误异常处理

一、错误分类

 notice：提醒有错
 waning：警告错误，不会终止程序运行
 error：致命错误，程序无法继续运行

二、程序在执行过程中常见的错误

; E_ALL             - All errors and warnings (includes E_STRICT as of PHP 5.4.0)
; E_ERROR           - fatal run-time errors
; E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR  - almost fatal run-time errors
; E_WARNING         - run-time warnings (non-fatal errors)
; E_PARSE           - compile-time parse errors
; E_NOTICE          - run-time notices (these are warnings which often result
;                     from a bug in your code, but it's possible that it was
;                     intentional (e.g., using an uninitialized variable and 
;                     relying on the fact it is automatically initialized to an
;                     empty string)
; E_STRICT          - run-time notices, enable to have PHP suggest changes
;                     to your code which will ensure the best interoperability
;                     and forward compatibility of your code
; E_CORE_ERROR      - fatal errors that occur during PHP's initial startup 
; E_CORE_WARNING    - warnings (non-fatal errors) that occur during PHP's
;                     initial startup
; E_COMPILE_ERROR   - fatal compile-time errors
; E_COMPILE_WARNING - compile-time warnings (non-fatal errors)
; E_USER_ERROR      - user-generated error message
; E_USER_WARNING    - user-generated warning message
; E_USER_NOTICE     - user-generated notice message
; E_DEPRECATED      - warn about code that will not work in future versions
;                     of PHP
; E_USER_DEPRECATED - user-generated deprecation warnings

三、屏蔽错误

1. 修改ini.php配置文件： display_errors为（off）–屏蔽错误
2. 修改ini.php配置文件：error_reporting选项，可以定义任意类型错误输出或者不输出
   
   • 默认：error_reporting: E_ALL 显示全部错误
   • 自定义任意类型错误：
     
     • 如：error_reporting: E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_USER_NOTICE
解释：&用以连接多个错误；~表示不包括
3. 在php文档中通过使用’@’ 错误抑制符：
   在出错的哪一行添加，即可实现错误屏蔽，但是只能屏蔽单行错误、效率低
4. 在php文档中通过使用函数实现屏蔽：error_reporting( )
   如：error_reporting( E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_USER_NOTICE);

四、不在浏览器中显示，生成错误日志

在ini.php配置文件中以此实现以下步骤：

1. 修改ini.php配置文件： display_errors为（off）–屏蔽错误
2. 修改ini.php配置文件：error_reporting选项，定义任意类型错误输出或者不输出
3. 开启错误日志提醒开关：log_errors = on
4. 设置错误日志存放地点：
   a）存放在系统错误日志中：error_log = syslog
   - 通过打开电脑里”事件查看器”查看：控制面板 –> 管理工具 –> 事件查看器 –>Windows日志 –>应用程序
   b）自定义存放路径：error_log = “自定义错误日志输出的路径”
   如：error_log = "E:/logs/php_error.log"