工厂方法模式:定义了一个创建对象的接口,但由子类决定实例化的类是哪一个。工厂方法让实例化推迟到子类。
package headfirst.factory.pizzafm;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public abstract class Pizza {
String name;
String dough;
String sauce;
ArrayList toppings = new ArrayList();
void prepare() {
System.out.println("Preparing " + name);
System.out.println("Tossing dough...");
System.out.println("Adding sauce...");
System.out.println("Adding toppings: ");
for (int i = 0; i < toppings.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(" " + toppings.get(i));
}
}
void bake() {
System.out.println("Bake for 25 minutes at 350");
}
void cut() {
System.out.println("Cutting the pizza into diagonal slices");
}
void box() {
System.out.println("Place pizza in official PizzaStore box");
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public String toString() {
StringBuffer display = new StringBuffer();
display.append("---- " + name + " ----\n");
display.append(dough + "\n");
display.append(sauce + "\n");
for (int i = 0; i < toppings.size(); i++) {
display.append((String )toppings.get(i) + "\n");
}
return display.toString();
}
}
package headfirst.factory.pizzafm;
public class ChicagoStyleCheesePizza extends Pizza {
public ChicagoStyleCheesePizza() {
name = "Chicago Style Deep Dish Cheese Pizza";
dough = "Extra Thick Crust Dough";
sauce = "Plum Tomato Sauce";
toppings.add("Shredded Mozzarella Cheese");
}
void cut() {
System.out.println("Cutting the pizza into square slices");
}
}
package headfirst.factory.pizzafm;
public abstract class PizzaStore {
abstract Pizza createPizza(String item);
public Pizza orderPizza(String type) {
Pizza pizza = createPizza(type);
System.out.println("--- Making a " + pizza.getName() + " ---");
pizza.prepare();
pizza.bake();
pizza.cut();
pizza.box();
return pizza;
}
}
package headfirst.factory.pizzafm;
public class NYPizzaStore extends PizzaStore {
Pizza createPizza(String item) {
if (item.equals("cheese")) {
return new NYStyleCheesePizza();
} else if (item.equals("veggie")) {
return new NYStyleVeggiePizza();
} else if (item.equals("clam")) {
return new NYStyleClamPizza();
} else if (item.equals("pepperoni")) {
return new NYStylePepperoniPizza();
} else return null;
}
}
package headfirst.factory.pizzafm;
public class PizzaTestDrive {
public static void main(String[] args) {
PizzaStore nyStore = new NYPizzaStore();
PizzaStore chicagoStore = new ChicagoPizzaStore();
Pizza pizza = nyStore.orderPizza("cheese");
System.out.println("Ethan ordered a " + pizza.getName() + "\n");
pizza = chicagoStore.orderPizza("cheese");
System.out.println("Joel ordered a " + pizza.getName() + "\n");
pizza = nyStore.orderPizza("clam");
System.out.println("Ethan ordered a " + pizza.getName() + "\n");
pizza = chicagoStore.orderPizza("clam");
System.out.println("Joel ordered a " + pizza.getName() + "\n");
pizza = nyStore.orderPizza("pepperoni");
System.out.println("Ethan ordered a " + pizza.getName() + "\n");
pizza = chicagoStore.orderPizza("pepperoni");
System.out.println("Joel ordered a " + pizza.getName() + "\n");
pizza = nyStore.orderPizza("veggie");
System.out.println("Ethan ordered a " + pizza.getName() + "\n");
pizza = chicagoStore.orderPizza("veggie");
System.out.println("Joel ordered a " + pizza.getName() + "\n");
}
}
抽象工厂模式:提供一个接口,用于创建相关或依赖的家族,而不需明确指明具体类。