matlab代码优化方法

1. 及时清理不使用的变量

clear a;

2. 预分配内存

clear all
clc
n = 30000;
tic;
for k = 1:n
    a(k) = 1;
end
time = toc;
disp(['未预分配内存下动态赋值长为',num2str(n),'的数组时间是:',num2str(time),'秒！'])

tic
b = zeros(1,n);
for k = 1:n
    b(k) = 1;
end
time = toc;
disp(['预分配内存下动态赋值长为',num2str(n),'的数组时间是:',num2str(time),'秒！'])

3. 选择恰当的数据类型

clear all
clc
n = 300000;
a = 8;
b{1} = 8;
c.data = 8;

tic
for k = 1:n;
    a;
end
time = toc;
disp(['访问',num2str(n),'次double型数组时间是:',num2str(time),'秒！'])

tic
for k = 1:n;
    b{1};
end
time = toc;
disp(['访问',num2str(n),'次cell型数组时间是:',num2str(time),'秒！'])

tic
for k = 1:n;
    c.data;
end
time = toc;
disp(['访问',num2str(n),'次struct型数组时间是:',num2str(time),'秒！'])

4. 对循环的优化

% 1. 按列优先循环
clear all
clc
n = 1000;
a = rand(n);
tic
for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:n
        a(i,j);
    end
end
toc

for i = 1:n
    for j = 1:n
        a(j,i);
    end
end
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%%
% 2. 循环次数多的变量安排在内层
clear all
clc
tic
a = 0;
for i = 1:1000
    for j = 50000
        a = a + 1;
    end
end
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tic
a = 0;
for i = 1:50000
    for j = 1:1000
        a = a + 1;
    end
end
toc