Leetcode394. Decode String

Leetcode394. Decode String

Given an encoded string, return its decoded string.
The encoding rule is: k[encoded_string], where the encoded_string inside the square brackets is being repeated exactly k times. Note that k is guaranteed to be a positive integer.
You may assume that the input string is always valid; No extra white spaces, square brackets are well-formed, etc.
Furthermore, you may assume that the original data does not contain any digits and that digits are only for those repeat numbers, k. For example, there won’t be input like 3a or 2[4].

Examples:

s = "3[a]2[bc]", return "aaabcbc".
s = "3[a2[c]]", return "accaccacc".
s = "2[abc]3[cd]ef", return "abcabccdcdcdef".

关键点在于括号内又嵌套了括号，需要从内而外生成并拼接字符串，与栈的后入先出特性对应。

构造辅助栈 countStack 与 resStack，遍历字符串 s 的每个字符 c

• c 为数字，将其转化为整数 curNum
• c 为字母，将其加入 curString 尾部
• c 为 [ 时，将当前的 curNum 与 curString 分别入栈
• c 为 ] 时，将 stack 栈顶元素出栈

Java

class Solution {
    public String decodeString(String s) {
        StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
        int multi = 0;
        LinkedList<Integer> stack_multi = new LinkedList<>();
        LinkedList<String> stack_res = new LinkedList<>();
        for(Character c : s.toCharArray()) {
            if(c == '[') {
                stack_multi.addLast(multi);
                stack_res.addLast(res.toString());
                multi = 0;
                res = new StringBuilder();
            }
            else if(c == ']') {
                StringBuilder tmp = new StringBuilder();
                int cur_multi = stack_multi.removeLast();
                for(int i = 0; i < cur_multi; i++) tmp.append(res);
                res = new StringBuilder(stack_res.removeLast() + tmp);
            }
            else if(c >= '0' && c <= '9') multi = multi * 10 + Integer.parseInt(c + "");
            else res.append(c);
        }
        return res.toString();
    }
}

Python

class Solution:
    def decodeString(self, s: str) -> str:
        stack, res, multi = [], "", 0
        for c in s:
            if c == '[':
                stack.append([multi, res])
                res, multi = "", 0
            elif c == ']':
                cur_multi, last_res = stack.pop()
                res = last_res + cur_multi * res
            elif '0' <= c <= '9':
                multi = multi * 10 + int(c)            
            else:
                res += c
        return res