Docker 中部署 Greenplum

一、环境准备

• Docker
• docker-compose
• centos:7.5.1804 的 docker 镜像
• greenplum-db-5.14.0-rhel7-x86_64.bin 二进制文件

1、查看 docker 和 docker-compose 版本

[bigdata@local-vm-320 gp]$ docker -v

Docker version 19.03.5, build 633a0ea

[bigdata@local-vm-320 gp]$ docker-compose -v

docker-compose version 1.25.1, build a82fef0

2、greenplum-db 下载地址：

https://network.pivotal.io/products/pivotal-gpdb/

二、准备 gp docker 环境

1、创建 GreenPlum Docker 镜像文件 Dockerfile

FROM centos:7.5.1804
RUN yum -y update; yum clean all
RUN yum install -y \
    net-tools \
    ntp \
    openssh-server \
    openssh-clients \
    less \
    iproute \
    which; yum clean all
RUN ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key -N ''
RUN groupadd gpadmin
RUN useradd gpadmin -g gpadmin
RUN echo gpadmin | passwd gpadmin --stdin
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/sshd", "-D"]

2、执行如下命令，创建 docker 镜像

docker build -t gjm-centos-ssh .

3、通过 docker-compose 启动所需要的 greenplum 集群环境。docker-compose.yaml 文件内容如下：

version: "3.2"

services:

  mdw:
    image: gjm-centos-ssh
    container_name: gpdb-mdw
    tty: true

  sdw1:
    image: gjm-centos-ssh
    container_name: gpdb-sdw1
    tty: true

  sdw2:
    image: gjm-centos-ssh
    container_name: gpdb-sdw2
    tty: true

4、执行如下命令，运行所需要的环境

docker-compose up -d 

三、部署 gp

1、通过 docker cp 命令将 greenplum-db-5.14.0-rhel7-x86_64.bin 拷贝到 mdw 的容器中。

docker cp greenplum-db-5.14.0-rhel7-x86_64.bin gpdb-mdw:/home/gpadmin

2、进入 gpdb-mdw 容器中，并切换到gpadmin用户下，查看刚拷贝的bin文件。

[bigdata@local-vm-320 ~]$ docker exec -it gpdb-mdw /bin/bash
[root@2e9585e22e2e /]# su - gpadmin
Last login: Sat May  9 07:26:03 UTC 2020 from 2e9585e22e2e on pts/6

3、执行greenplum的bin文件，将其安装在/home/gpadmin目录下.

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ bash greenplum-db-5.14.0-rhel7-x86_64.bin

注意红色字体为需要输入的数据，参考如下：

********************************************************************************
Do you accept the Pivotal Database license agreement? [yes|no]
********************************************************************************

yes

********************************************************************************
Provide the installation path for Greenplum Database or press ENTER to
accept the default installation path: /usr/local/greenplum-db-5.14.0
********************************************************************************

/home/gpadmin/greenplum-db-5.14.0

********************************************************************************
Install Greenplum Database into /home/gpadmin/greenplum-db-5.14.0? [yes|no]
********************************************************************************

yes

********************************************************************************
/home/gpadmin/greenplum-db-5.14.0 does not exist.
Create /home/gpadmin/greenplum-db-5.14.0 ? [yes|no]
(Selecting no will exit the installer)
********************************************************************************

yes

Extracting product to /home/gpadmin/greenplum-db-5.14.0

********************************************************************************
Installation complete.
Greenplum Database is installed in /home/gpadmin/greenplum-db-5.14.0

Pivotal Greenplum documentation is available
for download at http://gpdb.docs.pivotal.io
********************************************************************************
[gpadmin@67758e384c8c ~]$ ls
greenplum-db  greenplum-db-5.14.0  greenplum-db-5.14.0-rhel7-x86_64.bin

4、创建目录 /home/gpadmin/gpconfig/ 和 文件 hostlist、seglist

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ mkdir -p /home/gpadmin/gpconfig/

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ cd /home/gpadmin/gpconfig/

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ vi hostlist

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ vi seglist

hostlist 内容如下

mdw
sdw1
sdw2

seglist 内容如下

sdw1
sdw2

5、Source the path file from your master host’s Greenplum Database installation directory

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ cd

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ source ~/greenplum-db/greenplum_path.sh

6、Config ssh key exchange(master server and gpadmin user)

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ gpssh-exkeys -f /home/gpadmin/gpconfig/hostlist

输入 sdw1 密码：gpadmin 

7、Run the gpseginstall utility referencing the hostfile_exkeys file you just created

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ gpseginstall -f /home/gpadmin/gpconfig/seglist

8、Confirm installation

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ gpssh -f ~/gpconfig/hostlist -e ls -l $GPHOME

9、Creating the Data Storage Areas

on master

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ mkdir -p ~/data/master

on segments

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$  gpssh -f ~/gpconfig/seglist -e "mkdir -p ~/data/primary"
[sdw1] mkdir -p ~/data/primary
[sdw2] mkdir -p ~/data/primary
[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ gpssh -f ~/gpconfig/seglist -e "mkdir -p ~/data/mirror"
[sdw1] mkdir -p ~/data/mirror
[sdw2] mkdir -p ~/data/mirror

10、Make a copy of the gpinitsystem_config file to use as a starting point and edit it as you need

[gpadmin@67758e384c8c ~]$ cp /home/gpadmin/greenplum-db/docs/cli_help/gpconfigs/gpinitsystem_config ~/gpconfig/gpinitsystem_config

11、modify two line as following

vi ~/gpconfig/gpinitsystem_config

declare -a DATA_DIRECTORY=(/home/gpadmin/data/primary)
MASTER_DIRECTORY=/home/gpadmin/data/master

12、run the initialization utility 

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ gpinitsystem -c gpconfig/gpinitsystem_config -h gpconfig/seglist

参考内容如下： 

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e ~]$ gpinitsystem -c gpconfig/gpinitsystem_config -h gpconfig/seglist

20200509:07:37:09:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking configuration parameters, please wait...
20200509:07:37:09:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Reading Greenplum configuration file gpconfig/gpinitsystem_config
20200509:07:37:09:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Locale has not been set in gpconfig/gpinitsystem_config, will set to default value
20200509:07:37:09:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Locale set to en_US.utf8
20200509:07:37:10:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[WARN]:-Master hostname mdw does not match hostname output
20200509:07:37:10:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking to see if mdw can be resolved on this host
20200509:07:37:10:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Can resolve mdw to this host
20200509:07:37:10:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-No DATABASE_NAME set, will exit following template1 updates
20200509:07:37:10:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-MASTER_MAX_CONNECT not set, will set to default value 250
20200509:07:37:10:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking configuration parameters, Completed
20200509:07:37:10:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing multi-home checks, please wait...
..
20200509:07:37:10:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Configuring build for standard array
20200509:07:37:10:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing multi-home checks, Completed
20200509:07:37:10:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Building primary segment instance array, please wait...
..
20200509:07:37:11:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking Master host
20200509:07:37:11:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking new segment hosts, please wait...
..
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking new segment hosts, Completed
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Database Creation Parameters
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:---------------------------------------
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master Configuration
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:---------------------------------------
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master instance name       = Greenplum Data Platform
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master hostname            = mdw
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master port                = 5432
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master instance dir        = /home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master LOCALE              = en_US.utf8
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum segment prefix   = gpseg
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master Database            = 
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master connections         = 250
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master buffers             = 128000kB
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Segment connections        = 750
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Segment buffers            = 128000kB
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checkpoint segments        = 8
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Encoding                   = UNICODE
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Postgres param file        = Off
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Initdb to be used          = /home/gpadmin/greenplum-db/./bin/initdb
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-GP_LIBRARY_PATH is         = /home/gpadmin/greenplum-db/./lib
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-HEAP_CHECKSUM is           = on
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-HBA_HOSTNAMES is           = 0
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Ulimit check               = Passed
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Array host connect type    = Single hostname per node
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master IP address [1]      = 172.24.0.3
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Standby Master             = Not Configured
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Primary segment #          = 1
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Total Database segments    = 2
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Trusted shell              = ssh
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Number segment hosts       = 2
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Mirroring config           = OFF
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:----------------------------------------
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Primary Segment Configuration
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:----------------------------------------
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-sdw1         /home/gpadmin/data/primary/gpseg0       6000    2       0
20200509:07:37:14:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-sdw2         /home/gpadmin/data/primary/gpseg1       6000    3       1

Continue with Greenplum creation Yy|Nn (default=N):
> y
20200509:07:37:28:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Building the Master instance database, please wait...
20200509:07:37:37:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting the Master in admin mode
20200509:07:37:45:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel build of primary segment instances
20200509:07:37:45:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Spawning parallel processes    batch [1], please wait...
..
20200509:07:37:45:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Waiting for parallel processes batch [1], please wait...
...............
20200509:07:38:00:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------
20200509:07:38:00:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Parallel process exit status
20200509:07:38:00:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------
20200509:07:38:00:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as completed           = 2
20200509:07:38:00:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as killed              = 0
20200509:07:38:00:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as failed              = 0
20200509:07:38:00:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------
20200509:07:38:00:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Deleting distributed backout files
20200509:07:38:00:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Removing back out file
20200509:07:38:00:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-No errors generated from parallel processes
20200509:07:38:00:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Restarting the Greenplum instance in production mode
20200509:07:38:00:004564 gpstop:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstop with args: -a -l /home/gpadmin/gpAdminLogs -i -m -d /home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1
20200509:07:38:00:004564 gpstop:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment...
20200509:07:38:00:004564 gpstop:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master catalog information
20200509:07:38:00:004564 gpstop:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master...
20200509:07:38:02:004564 gpstop:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 5.14.0 build commit:13927a46a9b39527fc1af2cbb1571d4fd394ff88'
20200509:07:38:02:004564 gpstop:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-There are 0 connections to the database
20200509:07:38:02:004564 gpstop:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing Master instance shutdown with mode='immediate'
20200509:07:38:02:004564 gpstop:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master host=2e9585e22e2e
20200509:07:38:02:004564 gpstop:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing Master instance shutdown with mode=immediate
20200509:07:38:02:004564 gpstop:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master segment instance directory=/home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1
20200509:07:38:04:004564 gpstop:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Attempting forceful termination of any leftover master process
20200509:07:38:06:004564 gpstop:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Terminating processes for segment /home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1
20200509:07:38:07:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstart with args: -a -l /home/gpadmin/gpAdminLogs -d /home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1
20200509:07:38:07:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment...
20200509:07:38:08:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Binary Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 5.14.0 build commit:13927a46a9b39527fc1af2cbb1571d4fd394ff88'
20200509:07:38:09:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Catalog Version: '301705051'
20200509:07:38:10:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance in admin mode
20200509:07:38:12:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master catalog information
20200509:07:38:12:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master...
20200509:07:38:13:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Setting new master era
20200509:07:38:13:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master Started...
20200509:07:38:14:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Shutting down master
20200509:07:38:22:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel segment instance startup, please wait...
....... 
20200509:07:38:29:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Process results...
20200509:07:38:29:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20200509:07:38:29:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Successful segment starts                                            = 2
20200509:07:38:29:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Failed segment starts                                                = 0
20200509:07:38:29:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Skipped segment starts (segments are marked down in configuration)   = 0
20200509:07:38:29:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20200509:07:38:29:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Successfully started 2 of 2 segment instances 
20200509:07:38:29:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20200509:07:38:29:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance 2e9585e22e2e directory /home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1 
20200509:07:38:32:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Command pg_ctl reports Master 2e9585e22e2e instance active
20200509:07:38:33:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-No standby master configured.  skipping...
20200509:07:38:33:004590 gpstart:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Database successfully started
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Completed restart of Greenplum instance in production mode
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Scanning utility log file for any warning messages
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[WARN]:-*******************************************************
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[WARN]:-Scan of log file indicates that some warnings or errors
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[WARN]:-were generated during the array creation
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Please review contents of log file
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-/home/gpadmin/gpAdminLogs/gpinitsystem_20200509.log
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-To determine level of criticality
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-These messages could be from a previous run of the utility
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-that was called today!
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[WARN]:-*******************************************************
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Database instance successfully created
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-------------------------------------------------------
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-To complete the environment configuration, please 
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-update gpadmin .bashrc file with the following
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-1. Ensure that the greenplum_path.sh file is sourced
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-2. Add "export MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1"
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   to access the Greenplum scripts for this instance:
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   or, use -d /home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1 option for the Greenplum scripts
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Example gpstate -d /home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Script log file = /home/gpadmin/gpAdminLogs/gpinitsystem_20200509.log
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-To remove instance, run gpdeletesystem utility
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-To initialize a Standby Master Segment for this Greenplum instance
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Review options for gpinitstandby
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-------------------------------------------------------
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-The Master /home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1/pg_hba.conf post gpinitsystem
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-has been configured to allow all hosts within this new
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-array to intercommunicate. Any hosts external to this
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-new array must be explicitly added to this file
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Refer to the Greenplum Admin support guide which is
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-located in the /home/gpadmin/greenplum-db/./docs directory
20200509:07:38:33:002513 gpinitsystem:2e9585e22e2e:gpadmin-[INFO]:-------------------------------------------------------

13、see the Greenplum Database instance successfully created. You install successfully

如红色字体

四、如何使用 gp

1、配置环境变量

vi ~/.bashrc

增加如下内容

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/gpadmin/greenplum-db/lib

source ~/greenplum-db/greenplum_path.sh

配置生效 

source ~/.bashrc

2、登录 gp

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e lib]$ psql -d postgres -h localhost -p 5432 -U gpadmin 
psql (8.3.23)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# \c
You are now connected to database "postgres" as user "gpadmin".

3、创建测试用户guanjiangmiao、授权创建数据库和登录权限。

postgres=# create role guanjiangmiao password '123qwe' createdb login;
NOTICE:  resource queue required -- using default resource queue "pg_default"
CREATE ROLE

通常创建用户，赋予login权限基本就够用了，创建用户的语法可以通过\h create role命令来查看。可以通过pg_roles字典来查看

数据库的用户信息。

postgres=# \h create role
Command:     CREATE ROLE
Description: define a new database role
Syntax:
CREATE ROLE name [[WITH] option [ ... ]]
where option can be:
      SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
    | CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
    | CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
    | CREATEEXTTABLE | NOCREATEEXTTABLE 
      [ ( attribute='value'[, ...] ) ]
           where attributes and values are:
           type='readable'|'writable'
           protocol='gpfdist'|'http'|'gphdfs'
    | INHERIT | NOINHERIT
    | LOGIN | NOLOGIN
    | CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
    | [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'password'
    | VALID UNTIL 'timestamp' 
    | IN ROLE rolename [, ...]
    | ROLE rolename [, ...]
    | ADMIN rolename [, ...]
    | RESOURCE QUEUE queue_name
    | RESOURCE GROUP group_name

postgres=# select rolname,oid from pg_roles;
    rolname    |  oid  
---------------+-------
 gpadmin       |    10
 guanjiangmiao | 16384
(2 rows)

4、创建完用户后，还需要修改pg_hba.conf文件，来赋予用户的远程登录权限。

[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e gpseg-1]$ cd /home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1
[gpadmin@2e9585e22e2e gpseg-1]$ vi pg_hba.conf 

增加如下内容

host     all         guanjiangmiao         0.0.0.0/0       md5

5、通过gpstop –u命令重新加载配置文件，使之生效后，guanjiangmiao 用户即可远程访问数据库了。

[gpadmin@ca279251422f greenplum-db]$ pwd
/home/gpadmin/greenplum-db
[gpadmin@ca279251422f greenplum-db]$ bin/gpstop -u

[gpadmin@a5b60ff4b8b9 greenplum-db]$ psql -d postgres -h 127.0.0.1 -p 5432 -U guanjiangmiao
Password for user guanjiangmiao: 
psql (8.3.23)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=> 

6、设置免密登录

cd

vi .pgpass

输入如下内容

10.0.0.100:5432:*:guanjiangmiao:123qwe 

chmod 600 .pgpass

五、启动、关闭及状态查看命令参数说明

1、启动 gp

在Master主机上运行gpstart启动Greenplum数据库，gpstart 常用的启动参数有以下几个参数：

• -a，该模式不需要在启动过程中输入Y进行确认，将直接启动数据库。
• -m，只启动Master节点，不启动Segment节点，通常在维护的时候使用。
• -y，只启动Master的primary节点，不启动standby节点。

2、停止 gp

不要发出kill命令来结束任何Postgres进程，发出kill -9或者kill -11可能会导致数据库损坏并且妨碍对根本原因的分析。在Master主

机上运行gpstop停止Greenplum数据库，常用参数如下：

• -a，不需要输入Y确认是否关闭，将直接关闭数据库
• -m，只关闭Master节点，一般用于维护模式
• -r，重启数据库。
• -u，加载参数文件，使修改的参数生效。pg_hba.conf配置文件和Master上postgresql.conf、pg_hba.conf文件中运行时参数的更改，活动会话将会在它们重新连接到数据库时使用这些更新。很多服务器配置参数需要完全重启系统（gpstop -r）才能激活
• -M，设置关闭数据库的级别，有三种级别，fast、immediate和smart。 Immediate smart 这是默认的关闭级别，所有连接的会话会收到关闭警告，不允许新链接访问数据库。 gpstop –M immediate，强制关闭数据库，这种方式是不一致的关闭模式，不建议使用。 gpstop –M fast 快速模式，停止所有连接将中断并且回滚

3、查看 gp 状态

常用的参数如下：

• -s，详细信息。
• -m，Mirror信息。
• -f，Master的Standby信息。
• -e，Segment的Mirror信息。
• -i，版本信息。

六、可能遇到的问题

1、ImportError: No module named site

[gpadmin@ca279251422f bin]$ gpstop -u
ImportError: No module named site

解决步骤：

(1)查找site相关文件的路径

[root@ca279251422f /]# find / -name site.py
/home/gpadmin/greenplum-db-5.14.0/ext/python/lib/python2.7/site.py
/usr/lib64/python2.7/site.py

(2)增加路径到环境变量

[gpadmin@ca279251422f ~]$ vi .bashrc

增加如下内容

export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/home/gpadmin/greenplum-db-5.14.0/ext/python/lib/python2.7

(3)让配置生效

source ~/.bashrc

2、ImportError: No module named gppylib.mainUtils

[gpadmin@ca279251422f greenplum-db]$ bin/gpstop -u
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "bin/gpstop", line 9, in <module>
    from gppylib.mainUtils import *
ImportError: No module named gppylib.mainUtils

解决步骤：

source ~/greenplum-db/greenplum_path.sh

3、Reason='Environment Variable MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY not set!

[gpadmin@ca279251422f greenplum-db]$ bin/gpstop -u
20200511:02:37:34:002935 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstop with args: -u
20200511:02:37:34:002935 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment...
20200511:02:37:34:002935 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[CRITICAL]:-gpstop failed. (Reason='Environment Variable MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY not set!') exiting...

解决步骤：

(1)greenplum_path.sh 增加环境变量

cd /home/gpadmin/greenplum-db

vi greenplum_path.sh

增加内容如下

source ~/greenplum-db/greenplum_path.sh
export MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1
export PGPORT=5432
export PGUSER=gpadmin

(2)让配置生效

source greenplum_path.sh

4、postmaster.pid file does not exist.  is Greenplum instance already stopped?

[gpadmin@ca279251422f greenplum-db]$ bin/gpstop -u              
20200511:03:15:35:000105 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstop with args: -u
20200511:03:15:35:000105 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment...
20200511:03:15:35:000105 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[ERROR]:-gpstop error: postmaster.pid file does not exist.  is Greenplum instance already stopped?

解决步骤：

(1)关闭gp

bin/gpstop -af

(2)启动gp

bin/gpstart -a

[gpadmin@ca279251422f gpseg-1]$ gpstop -af
20200511:03:43:08:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstop with args: -af
20200511:03:43:08:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment...
20200511:03:43:08:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master catalog information
20200511:03:43:08:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master...
20200511:03:43:11:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 5.14.0 build commit:13927a46a9b39527fc1af2cbb1571d4fd394ff88'
20200511:03:43:11:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-There are 0 connections to the database
20200511:03:43:11:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing Master instance shutdown with mode='fast'
20200511:03:43:11:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master host=ca279251422f
20200511:03:43:11:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Detected 0 connections to database
20200511:03:43:11:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Using standard WAIT mode of 120 seconds
20200511:03:43:11:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing Master instance shutdown with mode=fast
20200511:03:43:11:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master segment instance directory=/home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1
20200511:03:43:13:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Attempting forceful termination of any leftover master process
20200511:03:43:14:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Terminating processes for segment /home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1
20200511:03:43:15:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-No standby master host configured
20200511:03:43:15:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Targeting dbid [2, 3] for shutdown
20200511:03:43:16:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel segment instance shutdown, please wait...
20200511:03:43:16:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-0.00% of jobs completed
20200511:03:43:22:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-100.00% of jobs completed
20200511:03:43:22:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20200511:03:43:22:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Segments stopped successfully      = 2
20200511:03:43:22:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Segments with errors during stop   = 0
20200511:03:43:22:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20200511:03:43:22:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Successfully shutdown 2 of 2 segment instances 
20200511:03:43:22:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Database successfully shutdown with no errors reported
20200511:03:43:22:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Cleaning up leftover gpmmon process
20200511:03:43:23:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-No leftover gpmmon process found
20200511:03:43:23:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Cleaning up leftover gpsmon processes
20200511:03:43:24:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-No leftover gpsmon processes on some hosts. not attempting forceful termination on these hosts
20200511:03:43:24:000464 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Cleaning up leftover shared memory
[gpadmin@ca279251422f gpseg-1]$ gpstart -a
20200511:03:43:34:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstart with args: -a
20200511:03:43:34:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment...
20200511:03:43:35:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Binary Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 5.14.0 build commit:13927a46a9b39527fc1af2cbb1571d4fd394ff88'
20200511:03:43:36:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Catalog Version: '301705051'
20200511:03:43:37:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance in admin mode
20200511:03:43:39:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master catalog information
20200511:03:43:39:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master...
20200511:03:43:40:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Setting new master era
20200511:03:43:40:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master Started...
20200511:03:43:41:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Shutting down master
20200511:03:43:50:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel segment instance startup, please wait...
....... 
20200511:03:43:57:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Process results...
20200511:03:43:57:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20200511:03:43:57:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Successful segment starts                                            = 2
20200511:03:43:57:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Failed segment starts                                                = 0
20200511:03:43:57:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Skipped segment starts (segments are marked down in configuration)   = 0
20200511:03:43:57:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20200511:03:43:57:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Successfully started 2 of 2 segment instances 
20200511:03:43:57:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20200511:03:43:57:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance ca279251422f directory /home/gpadmin/data/master/gpseg-1 
20200511:03:44:00:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Command pg_ctl reports Master ca279251422f instance active
20200511:03:44:00:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-No standby master configured.  skipping...
20200511:03:44:00:000555 gpstart:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Database successfully started
[gpadmin@ca279251422f gpseg-1]$ 
[gpadmin@ca279251422f gpseg-1]$ gpstop -u
20200511:03:44:18:000634 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstop with args: -u
20200511:03:44:18:000634 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment...
20200511:03:44:18:000634 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master catalog information
20200511:03:44:18:000634 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master...
20200511:03:44:20:000634 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 5.14.0 build commit:13927a46a9b39527fc1af2cbb1571d4fd394ff88'
20200511:03:44:20:000634 gpstop:ca279251422f:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Signalling all postmaster processes to reload
..