【BASH】如何得到用户输入的YES或NO

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问题：

你需要从用户那里得到简单的yes或no的输入，并且你期望做到用户界面的友好，做到能够区分大小写，并且提供用户点击Enter的默认选项。

 

解决方案

如果是简单的行为，可以使用下面这个函数。

# cookbook filename: func_choose

# Let the user make a choice about something and execute code based on

# the answer

# Called like: choose <default (y or n)> <prompt> <yes action> <no action>

# e.g. choose "y" /

# "Do you want to play a game?" /

# /usr/games/GlobalThermonucularWar /

# 'printf "%b" "See you later Professor Falkin."' >&2

# Returns: nothing

function choose {

local default="$1"

local prompt="$2"

local choice_yes="$3"

local choice_no="$4"

local answer

read -p "$prompt" answer

[ -z "$answer" ] && answer="$default"

case "$answer" in

[yY1] ) exec "$choice_yes"

# error check

;;

[nN0] ) exec "$choice_no"

# error check

;;

* ) printf "%b" "Unexpected answer '$answer'!" >&2 ;;

esac

} # end of function choose

 

如果是复杂的操作，可以使用下面的函数

# cookbook filename: func_choice.1

# Let the user make a choice about something and return a standardized

# answer. How the default is handled and what happens next is up to

# the if/then after the choice in main

# Called like: choice <promtp>

# e.g. choice "Do you want to play a game?"

$ Returns: global variable CHOICE

function choice {

CHOICE=''

local prompt="$*"

local answer

read -p "$prompt" answer

case "$answer" in

[yY1] ) CHOICE='y';;

[nN0] ) CHOICE='n';;

* ) CHOICE="$answer";;

esac

} # end of function choice

 

下面这段代码调用choice函数，提示用户确认时间。假设$THISPACKAGE已经设定，将显示时间并要求用户确认，如果用户选择y，Y，或者Enter，那么这个时间就被接受，如果用户输入一个新的时间，函数将循环并且要求用户确认。

# cookbook filename: func_choice.2

until [ "$CHOICE" = "y" ]; do

printf "%b" "This package's date is $THISPACKAGE/n" >&2

choice "Is that correct? [Y/,<New date>]: "

if [ -z "$CHOICE" ]; then

CHOICE='y'

elif [ "$CHOICE" != "y" ]; then

printf "%b" "Overriding $THISPACKAGEwith ${CHOICE}/n"

THISPACKAGE=$CHOICE

fi

done

# Build the package here

 

接下来，使用其他方法来解决这个问题。用户通过认真阅读提示和查看默认行为，可以简单的点击Enter，脚本将执行默认操作。

# If the user types anything except a case insensitive 'n', they will

# see the error log

choice "Do you want to look at the error log file? [Y/n]: "

if [ "$choice" != "n" ]; then

less error.log

fi

# If the user types anything except a case insensitive 'y', they will

# not see the message log

choice "Do you want to look at the message log file? [y/N]: "

if [ "$choice" = "y" ]; then

less message.log

fi

最后，如果用户没有输入，可以使用下面的方法解决

# cookbook filename: func_choice.3

choice "Enter your favorite color, if you have one: "

if [ -n "$CHOICE" ]; then

printf "%b" "You chose: $CHOICE"

else

printf "%b" "You do not have a favorite color."

fi