day2-VLAN技术及应用 、 TRUNK 、 网络层解析

1、配置交换机不输出信息

<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info-center enable 
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]

2、VLAN技术应用

2.1、拓扑图如下

 2.2、配置VLAN

①默认交换机所有的接口都是在VLAN1里面。

[Huawei]display vlan 
The total number of vlans is : 1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U: Up;         D: Down;         TG: Tagged;         UT: Untagged;
MP: Vlan-mapping;               ST: Vlan-stacking;
#: ProtocolTransparent-vlan;    *: Management-vlan;
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VID  Type    Ports                                                          
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1    common  UT:Eth0/0/1(U)     Eth0/0/2(U)     Eth0/0/3(U)     Eth0/0/4(U)     
                Eth0/0/5(D)     Eth0/0/6(D)     Eth0/0/7(D)     Eth0/0/8(D)     
                Eth0/0/9(D)     Eth0/0/10(D)    Eth0/0/11(D)    Eth0/0/12(D)    
                Eth0/0/13(D)    Eth0/0/14(D)    Eth0/0/15(D)    Eth0/0/16(D)    
                Eth0/0/17(D)    Eth0/0/18(D)    Eth0/0/19(D)    Eth0/0/20(D)    
                Eth0/0/21(D)    Eth0/0/22(D)    GE0/0/1(D)      GE0/0/2(D)      


VID  Status  Property      MAC-LRN Statistics Description      
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1    enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0001

②按照2.1的拓扑图,创建VLAN

#单独创建VLAN 
[Huawei]vlan 1
[Huawei-vlan1]quit
[Huawei]vlan 2 
[Huawei-vlan2]

#批量创建VLAN
[Huawei]vlan batch 3 4 5     #创建VLAN3 VLAN4 VLAN5
[Huawei]vlan batch 6 to 10   #创建VLAN6到VLAN10共5个VLAN 

#删除VLAN(生产环境慎用)
[Huawei]undo vlan 2  #删除VLAN2
[Huawei]undo vlan batch 3 to 10  #删除VLAN3到VLAN10
Warning: The configurations of the VLAN will be deleted. Continue?[Y/N]:y  #输入y确认
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

2.3、把对应的接口加入到VLAN中

①分别把e0/0/1 e0/0/2加入到VLAN2中

[Huawei]int e0/0/1 
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access 
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 2 
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]quit

[Huawei]int e0/0/2 
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]display vlan 
The total number of vlans is : 3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U: Up;         D: Down;         TG: Tagged;         UT: Untagged;
MP: Vlan-mapping;               ST: Vlan-stacking;
#: ProtocolTransparent-vlan;    *: Management-vlan;
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VID  Type    Ports                                                          
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1    common  UT:Eth0/0/3(U)     Eth0/0/4(U)     Eth0/0/5(D)     Eth0/0/6(D)     
                Eth0/0/7(D)     Eth0/0/8(D)     Eth0/0/9(D)     Eth0/0/10(D)    
                Eth0/0/11(D)    Eth0/0/12(D)    Eth0/0/13(D)    Eth0/0/14(D)    
                Eth0/0/15(D)    Eth0/0/16(D)    Eth0/0/17(D)    Eth0/0/18(D)    
                Eth0/0/19(D)    Eth0/0/20(D)    Eth0/0/21(D)    Eth0/0/22(D)    
                GE0/0/1(D)      GE0/0/2(D)                                      

2    common  UT:Eth0/0/1(U)     Eth0/0/2(U)              #这里看到已经成功加入到VLAN2了                       

3    common  

VID  Status  Property      MAC-LRN Statistics Description      
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1    enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0001                         
2    enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0002                         
3    enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0003

②批量把e0/0/3 e0/0/4加入到VLAN3中

[Huawei]port-group 1
[Huawei-port-group-1]group-member e0/0/3 e0/0/4 
[Huawei-port-group-1]port link-type access 
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]port link-type access   #系统自动帮你敲的
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/4]port link-type access   #系统自动帮你敲的
[Huawei-port-group-1]port default vlan 3 
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/3]port default vlan 3    #系统自动帮你敲的
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/4]port default vlan 3    #系统自动帮你敲的

[Huawei-port-group-1]display vlan
The total number of vlans is : 3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U: Up;         D: Down;         TG: Tagged;         UT: Untagged;
MP: Vlan-mapping;               ST: Vlan-stacking;
#: ProtocolTransparent-vlan;    *: Management-vlan;
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VID  Type    Ports                                                          
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1    common  UT:Eth0/0/5(D)     Eth0/0/6(D)     Eth0/0/7(D)     Eth0/0/8(D)     
                Eth0/0/9(D)     Eth0/0/10(D)    Eth0/0/11(D)    Eth0/0/12(D)    
                Eth0/0/13(D)    Eth0/0/14(D)    Eth0/0/15(D)    Eth0/0/16(D)    
                Eth0/0/17(D)    Eth0/0/18(D)    Eth0/0/19(D)    Eth0/0/20(D)    
                Eth0/0/21(D)    Eth0/0/22(D)    GE0/0/1(D)      GE0/0/2(D)      

2    common  UT:Eth0/0/1(U)     Eth0/0/2(U)                                     

3    common  UT:Eth0/0/3(U)     Eth0/0/4(U)      #这里看到3号和4号口已经成功加入到VLAN3中了                                 


VID  Status  Property      MAC-LRN Statistics Description      
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1    enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0001                         
2    enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0002                         
3    enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0003

3、还原交换机接口配置(如有做过配置)

<Huawei>system-view 
[Huawei]clear configuration interface Ethernet 0/0/7 #清空7口的配置 
Warning: All configurations of the interface will be cleared, and its state will be shutdown. Continue? [Y/N] :y Info: Total execute 0 command(s), 0 successful, 0 failed.
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/7]undo shutdown #默认清空配置后接口会关闭,需要开启7口

4、创建trunk,使得所有链路都能通信

4.1拓扑图如下,需要使得VLAN2(2.0/24网段)和VLAN3(3.0/24)网段都能互通

4.2配置Trunk

[Huawei]int e0/0/7 #如上面的拓扑图,需要进入7号口配置 
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/7]port link-type trunk #配置为trunk口,可以通过多个vlan的数据 
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/7]port trunk allow-pass vlan all #激活配置
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/7]display this 
#
interface Ethernet0/0/7
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
return

5、路由器配置(基础)

5.1、拓扑图如下

 5.2、分别给g0/0/0和g0/0/1配置IP地址

[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.254 24 
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[Huawei]int g0/0/1 
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.2.254 24 

5.3、分别给pc1和pc2配置对应的IP地址和网关,然后再互ping

6、路由器工作原理

路由器依靠路由表工作,查看路由表

6.1、直连路由

<Huawei>dis ip routing-table | include /24  ##指定查看包括手动设置为24为掩码的路由
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 10       Routes : 10       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

192.168.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.1.254   GigabitEthernet0/0/
0
192.168.2.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.2.1     GigabitEthernet0/0/
1

6.2、静态路由

6.2.1拓扑图如下

6.2.2配置R1

<Huawei>sys

[Huawei]int g0/0/0 
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.254 24 

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[Huawei]int g0/0/1 
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.2.1 24 
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.3.0 24 192.168.2.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.4.0 24 192.168.2.2 

#查看路由配置
[Huawei]dis ip routing-table | include /24
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 12       Routes : 12       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

192.168.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.1.254   GigabitEthernet0/0/
0
192.168.2.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.2.1     GigabitEthernet0/0/
1
192.168.3.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   192.168.2.2     GigabitEthernet0/0/
1
192.168.4.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   192.168.2.2     GigabitEthernet0/0/
1

6.2.3配置R2

<Huawei>sys 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info-center enable 
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]int g0/0/0 
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.2.2 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[Huawei]int g0/0/1 
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.3.254 24 
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[Huawei]int g0/0/2 
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.4.254 24 
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

##查看路由表配置
[Huawei]dis ip routing-table | include /24
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 14       Routes : 14       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

192.168.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   192.168.2.1     GigabitEthernet0/0/
0
192.168.2.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.2.2     GigabitEthernet0/0/
0
192.168.3.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.3.254   GigabitEthernet0/0/
1
192.168.4.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.4.254   GigabitEthernet0/0/
2

6.2.4分别给pc配置对应的IP,然后ping(全网互通成功)

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