SSM是一种常见的Java Web开发框架,它是由Spring、SpringMVC和MyBatis三个框架整合而成,用于简化企业级应用程序的开发。
1. Spring:Spring是一个轻量级的开源框架,它提供了许多功能,如依赖注入、事务管理、安全性等,可以帮助开发者快速构建稳健的应用程序。
2. SpringMVC:SpringMVC是一个基于MVC模式的框架,它用于将应用程序分为不同的层次,包括模型、视图和控制层,使得应用程序的架构更加清晰,易于维护和扩展。
3. MyBatis:MyBatis是一个优秀的持久层框架,它支持自定义SQL语句、存储过程和事务处理等功能,使得开发者可以更加方便地进行数据库操作。
通过整合这三个框架,SSM可以充分发挥各自的优势,实现更加高效、灵活和可扩展的应用程序开发。
本文通过项目案例的形式,通过使用MVC的形式介绍SSM整合的具体过程,项目结构如下:
每个文件的具体内容,如下所示:
1. 依赖:pom.xml
<dependencies>
<!--servlet-api依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!--spring基础依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring连接jdbc-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring web依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring webmvc依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<!--aop面向切面编程框架-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.7</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring事务管理-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis与spring整合-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql数据库依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.29</version>
</dependency>
<!--dbcp连接池-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
<version>2.11.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--lombok依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.30</version>
</dependency>
<!--jstl标签库依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2. web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--Spring监听器-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--spring配置文件-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--编码过滤-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encondig</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encondig</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--SpringMVC 前端控制器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3.Spring核心配置文件:applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--数据源配置-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student_db"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="12345678"/>
</bean>
<!--SqlSession工厂-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.laoma.pojo"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--配置Mapper接口-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<property name="basePackage" value="com.laoma.mapper"/>
</bean>
<!--service层的扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.laoma.service.impl"/>
<!--事务的配置-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--将事务管理器交给spring容器进行管理-->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
4. SpringMVC的配置文件:spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--处理器映射器:注解方式-->
<!--
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
-->
<!--处理器适配器:注解方式-->
<!--
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/>
-->
<!--
mvc:annotation-driven
包含:RequestMappingHandlerMapping、RequestMappingHandlerAdapter
-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--处理器-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.laoma.controller"/>
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
5. 实体类:Student
@Data
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private String birth;
private String sex;
}
6. 控制层:StudentController
@Controller
public class StudentController {
@Autowired
private StudentService studentService;
public void setStudentService(StudentService studentService) {
this.studentService = studentService;
}
@RequestMapping("/query")
public ModelAndView queryListStudents(){
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
List<Student> students = studentService.listStudents();
mav.addObject("students",students);
mav.setViewName("show");
return mav;
}
}
7. 服务层:StudentService接口 与 接口实现类
public interface StudentService {
public List<Student> listStudents();
}
@Service("studentService")
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
@Autowired
private StudentMapper studentMapper;
public void setStudentMapper(StudentMapper studentMapper) {
this.studentMapper = studentMapper;
}
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED,isolation = Isolation.DEFAULT)
@Override
public List<Student> listStudents() {
return studentMapper.listStudents();
}
}
8. 持久层:StudentMapper
@Mapper
public interface StudentMapper {
//@Select("select * from t_student;")
public List<Student> listStudents();
}
9. 持久层映射文件:StudentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.laoma.mapper.StudentMapper">
<select id="listStudents" resultType="Student">
select * from t_student;
</select>
</mapper>
10. 首页面:index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/query">查看</a>
</body>
</html>
11. 展示页面:show.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<th>序号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>出生日期</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${students}" var="student" varStatus="status">
<tr>
<th>${status.index+1}</th>
<th>${student.name}</th>
<th>${student.birth}</th>
<th>${student.sex}</th>
<th><a href="#">删除</a></th>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>
12. 数据库表结构
mysql> desc t_student;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| name | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
| birth | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| sex | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
到此,整个配置整理完毕!