DNS主从服务器安装配置

1、准备 例：两台192.168.11.10(主),192.168.11.11(从),域名www.test1.com

# 主从DNS服务器均需要安装bind、bind-chroot、bind-utils
yum -y install bind bind-utils bind-chroot
# 如果防火墙开启，配置防火墙，添加服务(防火墙已禁用则忽略)
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=dns
firewall-cmd --reload

2、主DNS服务器(192.168.11.10)配置

# 编辑配置文件
vim /etc/named.conf
# 找到其中两行
listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };
allow-query { localhost; };
# 修改为
listen-on port 53 { any; };
allow-query     { any; };

3、配置正向解析

# 编辑文件/etc/named.rfc1912.zones，在末尾添加需要解析的域
    zone "test1.com" IN {
      type master;
      file "data/test1.com.zone";
};
# 创建test1.com.zone解析域
vim /var/named/data/test1.com.zone(文件的创建可以采取复制cp -a /var/named/named.localhost的方式，确保文件的属性一致)
$TTL 3H
@ IN SOA test1.com. root (
20180928 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
IN NS @
IN A 192.168.11.10
www IN A 192.168.11.10
ftp IN A 192.168.11.10
# 编辑/etc/resolv.conf，添加
search localdomain
nameserver 192.168.11.10

1.Centos7中如果出现修改后，重启网络服务，又恢复到之前相同内容，并且写有# Generated by NetworkManager

那么则需要修改/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33的内容：

NM_CONTROLLED="no"  //是否允许Network Manager管理，设置为no

2.修改DNS可以有如下两种方案：
①、修改网卡设置：

在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0中修改内容：

PEERDNS="yes"
DNS1="xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx"
DNS2="xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx"

这种设置方案是以网卡中设置的DNS为主，resolv.conf中按照网卡设置的DNS内容自动生成，以后想修改DNS，必须修改网卡中的设置才不会在服务器重启之后出现DNS设置失效的问题。
②、直接修改/etc/resolv.conf的值：

需要注意的是，若要使直接修改的DNS内容不会在服务器重启之后丢失，需要设置网卡中PEERDNS的值为no：

nameserver xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
nameserver xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

4、重启DNS服务器

# 重启named
systemctl restart named
# 查看状态
systemctl status named

5、检查解析是否成功

# ping命令验证
ping -c 4 www.test1.com
# 输出如下即解析成功
PING www.test1.com (192.168.11.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from ftp.test1.com (192.168.11.10): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.033 ms
64 bytes from ftp.test1.com (192.168.11.10): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
64 bytes from ftp.test1.com (192.168.11.10): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.066 ms
64 bytes from ftp.test1.com (192.168.11.10): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.057 ms
--- www.test1.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.033/0.053/0.066/0.014 ms
# nslookup命令验证
nslookup
>www.test1.com
# 输出如下即解析成功
Server:        192.168.11.10
Address:    192.168.11.10#53
Name:    www.test1.com
Address: 192.168.11.10

6、配置反向解析

# 编辑文件/etc/named.rfc1912.zones，在末尾添加  
vim etc/named.rfc1912.zones
    zone "11.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
          type master;
          file "data/11.168.192.zone";
};
# 创建11.168.192.zone解析域
vim /var/named/data/11.168.192.zone(文件的创建可以采取复制cp -a /var/named/named.loopback的方式，确保文件的属性一致)
    $TTL 3H
    @       IN SOA   web3.com.  root (
20180928; serial
1D      ; refresh
1H      ; retry
1W      ; expire
3H )    ; minimum
    @     IN      NS       www.test1.com.
10     IN     PTR      www.test1.com.
10     IN     PTR     ftp.test1.com.

7、重启DNS服务器

# 重启named
systemctl restart named
# 查看状态
systemctl status named

8、检查解析是否成功

# ping命令验证
ping -c 4 192.168.11.10
# 输出如下即解析成功
PING 192.168.11.10 (192.168.11.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.11.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.061 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.11.10: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.11.10: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.081 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.11.10: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.060 ms
--- 192.168.11.10 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.058/0.065/0.081/0.009 ms
# nslookup命令验证
nslookup 192.168.11.10
# 输出如下即解析成功
Server:        192.168.11.10
Address:       192.168.11.10#53
10.11.168.192.in-addr.arpa    name = ftp.test1.com.
10.11.168.192.in-addr.arpa    name = www.test1.com.

9、配置从DNS服务器(192.168.11.11)

# 先修改主DNS服务器(192.168.11.10)的配置/etc/named.rfc1912.zones
vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
    zone "test1.com" IN {
      type master;
      file "data/test1.com.zone";
      allow-transfer {192.168.11.11;};
            notify              yes;
            also-notify  {192.168.11.11;};
};
    zone "11.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
      type master;
      file "data/11.168.192.zone";
      allow-transfer {192.168.11.11;};
            notify              yes;   
            also-notify  {192.168.11.11;};  
};

10、配置从DNS服务器(192.168.11.11)正向解析

# 编辑named.conf文件
vim /etc/named.conf
# 找到其中两行
listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };
allow-query { localhost; };
# 修改为
listen-on port 53 { any; };
allow-query     { any; };
# 编辑文件/etc/named.rfc1912.zones，在末尾添加需要解析的域
vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "test1.com" IN {
type slave;
file "data/test1.com.zone"; };
masters { 192.168.11.10; };
# 创建test1.com.zonek空文件
touch /var/named/data/test1.com.zone
# 设置所有者
chown named:named test1.com.zone
# 编辑/etc/resolv.conf，添加
vim /etc/resolv.conf
search localdomain
nameserver 192.168.11.11

11、重启DNS服务器

# 重启named
systemctl restart named
# 查看状态
systemctl status named

12、检测解析是否成功

# ping命令验证
ping -c 4 www.test1.com
# 输出如下即解析成功
PING www.test1.com (192.168.11.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from ftp.test1.com (192.168.11.10): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.033 ms
64 bytes from ftp.test1.com (192.168.11.10): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
64 bytes from ftp.test1.com (192.168.11.10): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.066 ms
64 bytes from ftp.test1.com (192.168.11.10): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.057 ms
--- www.test1.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.033/0.053/0.066/0.014 ms
# nslookup命令验证
nslookup
>www.test1.com
# 输出如下即解析成功
Server:        192.168.11.11
Address:    192.168.11.11#53
Name:    www.test1.com
Address: 192.168.11.10

13、配置从DNS服务器(192.168.11.11)反向解析

# 在文件/etc/named.rfc1912.zones中添加  
vim etc/named.rfc1912.zones
    zone "11.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
          type master;
          file "data/11.168.192.zone";
masters { 192.168.11.10; };
};
# 创建空文件11.168.192.zone
touch /var/named/data/11.168.192.zone
# 设置所有者
chown named:named 11.168.192.zone

14、重启DNS服务器

# 重启named
systemctl restart named
# 查看状态
systemctl status named

15、查看文件/var/named/data/test1.com.zone和/var/named/data/11.168.192.zone是否有二进制数据

cat /var/named/data/test1.com.zone
cat /var/named/data/11.168.192.zone

16、检查解析是否成功

# ping命令验证
ping -c 4 192.168.11.11
# 输出如下即解析成功
PING 192.168.11.11 (192.168.11.11) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.11.11: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.061 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.11.11: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.11.11: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.081 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.11.11: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.060 ms
--- 192.168.11.11 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.058/0.065/0.081/0.009 ms
# nslookup命令验证
nslookup 192.168.11.11
# 输出如下即解析成功
Server:        192.168.11.11
Address:       192.168.11.11#53
10.11.168.192.in-addr.arpa    name = ftp.test1.com.
10.11.168.192.in-addr.arpa    name = www.test1.com.