Java.io----对象序列化

ObjectOutputStream

• 对象序列化，将Java对象保存到文件或网络中进行持久化

• 序列化规则：

  1. 对象所属的类要实现Serializable接口
  2. 对象序列化保存对象所属的类信息、属性名称、属性值
  3. 被transient关键字修饰的属性不会被序列化（保存）

  //创建一个序列化的方法
  public static void saveObject(){
  
      try {
          //创建实例化对象
          Student s = new Student(201801, "张三", "男", 20);		
          String path = "D:/code/objs.txt";
          FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path);
  		//使用ObjectOutputStream将低级流包装为高级流
          ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
  		//写入
          oos.writeObject(s);
  		//关闭
          oos.flush();
          oos.close();
          fos.close();
      } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
          // TODO Auto-generated catch block
          e.printStackTrace();
      } catch (IOException e) {
          // TODO Auto-generated catch block
          e.printStackTrace();
      }
  }
  

ObjectInputStrteam

• 对象反序列化，将存储在文件或网络中的Java对象读取到程序中

  //创建一个反序列化的方法
  public static void getObject(){
      try {
          FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("D:/code/objs.txt");
          ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
          //读取
          Object obj = ois.readObject();
  		//在控制台打印出来
          if(obj instanceof Student ){
              Student stu = (Student)obj;	
              System.out.println(stu);
          }
      } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
          // TODO Auto-generated catch block
          e.printStackTrace();
      } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
          // TODO Auto-generated catch block
          e.printStackTrace();
      } catch (IOException e) {
          // TODO Auto-generated catch block
          e.printStackTrace();
      }
  }
  

• 创建主函数调用方法

  public static void main(String[] args) {
      saveObject();
      getObject();
  }
  

创建对象

• 创建对象应包含属性、无参构造函数、含参构造函数、SetterGetter方法、toString、实现Serializable接口
• 若对象中包含类属性，当对象被序列化时，类属性也需要实现Serializable接口
• 若被序列化的对象父类实现了Serializable接口，那么子类便可以继承父类的接口可以不必再写

public class Student implements Serializable{

    private int uid;
    private transient String name; //transient修饰的属性不会被序列化
    private String sex;
    private int age;
    private Course c;
    public Student() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    public Student(int uid, String name, String sex, int age) {
        super();
        this.uid = uid;
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.age = age;
    }
    public int getUid() {
        return uid;
    }
    public void setUid(int uid) {
        this.uid = uid;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student [uid=" + uid + ", name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age + "]";
    }
}