file 操作的一些记录

 r              open text file for reading
 w              truncate to zero length or create text file for writing
 wx             create text file for writing
 a              append; open or create text file for writing at end-of-file
 rb             open binary file for reading
 wb             truncate to zero length or create binary file for writing
 wbx            create binary file for writing
 ab             append; open or create binary file for writing at end-of-file
 r+             open text file for update (reading and writing)
 w+             truncate to zero length or create text file for update
 w+x            create text file for update
 a+             append; open or create text file for update, writing at end-of-file
 r+b  or rb+    open binary file for update (reading and writing)
 w+b  or wb+    truncate to zero length or create binary file for update
 w+bx or wb+x   create binary file for update
 a+b  or ab+    append; open or create binary file for update, writing at end-of-file