AES加密解密C++实现（完整代码） ECB CBC 128 192 256 六种模式 字符串十六进制二进制文件输入输出

已于 2022-03-17 08:58:27 修改
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分类专栏： AES 文章标签： c++ c语言 AES CBC ECB
于 2022-03-11 14:52:49 首次发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/mandiheyanyu/article/details/123423830
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这大概是网上能直接运行的，最全的代码了，别的要不就是付费下载要不就是没有主函数，函数调用主要靠猜，所以我就只能痛苦的自己写。

代码有点长，放在一起可能不够美观，主要是一开始就四五百行的时候觉得分开放没啥必要，然后写着写着就成了这样子了。

主体是四个函数ECB的加密解密，CBC的加密解密。被加密信息在两个加密函数中都单独处理，统一转成十六进制数进行加密（其实这里可以考虑用个函数，而不是像我一样复制粘贴，弄的这块儿在俩函数里边都有），使用PKCS7进行填充，长度不为十六的倍数，差多少就用这个差值进行字节填充，长度正好是十六的倍数，那就填充十六个十六，加密结果转成字符串存在本地文件里。不继续用十六进制数直接存是因为转成字符串以后，看着就比较有密文的感觉。

解密的时候，是从本地读取字符串，转为十六进制数后解密，根据选择的解密类型，对解密结果的十六进制数进行处理。

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

#define MAXLEN 1024
int mode, padding;
//mode 1:AES_128_ECB,2:AES_192_ECB,3:AES_256_ECB,4:AES_128_CBC,5:AES_192_CBC,6:AES_256_CBC

int wordLength;
int keyword;//密钥有多少个字长
int encryptTimes;//轮数
int beforeTimes;
int keybyte;
int forming;//1：字符串 2:十六进制 3:二进制 

unsigned char xtime (unsigned char input);
void keyexpansion(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char keys[][44]);
void bytesub(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char B[][4]);
void shiftrow(unsigned char B[][4]);
void mixcolumn(unsigned char input[][4]);
void invbytesub(unsigned char N_S_BOX[][16], unsigned char B[][4]);
void invshiftrow(unsigned char B[][4]);
void invmixcolum(unsigned char input[][4]);
int encrypt_ecb(unsigned char S_BOX[][16]);
int decrypt_ecb(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char N_S_BOX[][16]);
int encrypt_cbc(unsigned char S_BOX[][16]);
int decrypt_cbc(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char N_S_BOX[][16]);

static int getIntFromChar(char c);
static void convertArrayToStr(int array[4][4], char* str);
static void convertArrayToStr16(unsigned char chArray[4][4], unsigned char B[4][4], int l);
void writeStrToFile(char* str, int len, char* fileName);
void xorWithiv(unsigned char iv[4][4], unsigned char B[4][4]);
void setKeyLength(int length);
int readStrFromFile(char* fileName, char* str);

//把一个字符转变成整型
static int getIntFromChar(char c) {
	int result = (int)c;
	return result & 0x000000ff;
}

//把4X4数组转回字符串
static void convertArrayToStr(int array[4][4], char* str) {
	int i, j;
	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
		for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)
			*str++ = (char)array[j][i];
}

//把4X4数组放进十六进制存放的字符串 
static void convertArrayToStr16(unsigned char chArray[], unsigned char B[4][4], int l){
	int i, j;
	for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++){
		for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++){
			chArray[l] = B[j][i];
			l++;
		}
	}
} 

//把字符串写进文件
void writeStrToFile(char* str, int len, char* fileName) {
	FILE* fp;
	fp = fopen(fileName, "wb");
	for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
		putc(str[i], fp);
	fclose(fp);
}

//从文件中读取字符串
int readStrFromFile(char* fileName, char* str) {
	FILE* fp = fopen(fileName, "rb");
	if (fp == NULL) {
		printf("打开文件出错，请确认文件存在当前目录下！\n");
		exit(0);
	}

	int i;
//	for (i = 0; i < MAXLEN && (str[i] = getc(fp)) != EOF; i++);
	for (i = 0; i < MAXLEN && !feof(fp); i++){
		str[i] = getc(fp);
	}
	i--;

	if (i >= MAXLEN) {
		printf("解密文件过大！\n");
		exit(0);
	}

	str[i] = '\0';
	fclose(fp);
	return i;
}

//和偏移向量进行异或
void xorWithiv(unsigned char iv[4][4], unsigned char B[4][4]){
    for(int i = 0; i <= 3; i ++){
        for(int j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
            B[i][j]^= iv[i][j];
        }
    }
} 

void setKeyLength(int length){

    keybyte = length>>3;//密钥的字节数量
    keyword = keybyte>>2;//已经有了多少字

    encryptTimes = keyword + 6;
    beforeTimes = encryptTimes-1;
    wordLength = (encryptTimes+1)<<2;//总字数，

}

//密钥生成
void keyexpansion(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char keys[][60]){

    unsigned char Rcon[11] = {0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 27, 54};
    unsigned char past[4];
    register int i, j; 
    
    char str[36];
    int k = 0;

	if(mode ==1 ||mode == 4){
		printf("请输入16位长度密钥:\n");
		setKeyLength(128);
	}
	
	if(mode ==2 ||mode == 5){
		printf("请输入24位长度密钥:\n");
		setKeyLength(192);
	}
	
	if(mode ==3 ||mode == 6){
		printf("请输入32位长度密钥:\n");
		setKeyLength(256);
	}
    
    scanf("%s", str);
    printf("\n");

    for(i = 0; i < keyword; i ++)
        for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
        	keys[j][i] = getIntFromChar(str[k]);
        	k ++;
		}

    for(i = keyword; i < wordLength; i ++){             //make the other 40 keys
        if(i % 4 == 0){                    //如果能被4整除，特殊处理
            for(j = 1; j <= 4; j ++)      //把前一个密钥移位赋值给数组
                past[j - 1] = keys[j % 4][i -1];

            for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
                if(j == 0) //这里要不就固定是16要不就是keybyte 
                    keys[j][i] = S_BOX[past[j] / 16][past[j] % 16] ^ Rcon[i / 4] ^ keys[j][i - 4];
                else
                    keys[j][i] = S_BOX[past[j] / 16][past[j] % 16] ^ keys[j][i - 4];
            }
        }

        else{
			for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
                keys[j][i] = keys[j][i - 4] ^ keys[j][i - 1];
            }
        }
    }
}


//列混淆运算用到的乘2函数
unsigned char xtime (unsigned char input){    // x乘法('02'乘法)

    int temp;
    temp = input << 1;
    
    if(input & 0x80){
        temp ^= 0x1b;
    }

    return temp;

}

//列混淆运算
void mixcolumn(unsigned char input[][4]){  //列混淆

    int i, j;
    unsigned char output[4][4];

    for(j = 0; j <= 3; j++)
        for(i = 0; i <= 3; i++)
            output[i][j] = xtime(input[i%4][j]) //0x02乘法
                           ^ ( input[ ( i + 1 ) % 4][j] ^ xtime( input[ ( i + 1 ) % 4][j] ) ) //0x03乘法
                           ^ input[ ( i + 2 ) % 4][j]  //0x01乘法
                           ^ input[ ( i + 3 ) % 4][j]; //0x01乘法

    for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
            input[i][j] = output[i][j];

}

//行移位

void shiftrow(unsigned char B[][4]){

    int i, temp;
    temp = B[1][0];

    for(i = 0; i <= 2; i ++)
        B[1][i] = B[1][i + 1];
    B[1][3] = temp;

    for(i = 0; i <= 1; i ++){

        temp = B[2][i];
        B[2][i] = B[2][i + 2];
        B[2][i + 2] = temp;

    }

    temp = B[3][3];
    for(i = 3; i >= 1; i --)
        B[3][i] = B[3][i - 1];
    B[3][0] = temp;

}

//字节变换
void bytesub(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char B[][4]){

    register int i, j;
    
    for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
            B[i][j] = S_BOX[B[i][j] / 16][B[i][j] % 16];

}

//逆行移位
void invshiftrow(unsigned char B[][4]){

    int i, temp;

    temp = B[1][3];

    for(i = 3; i >= 1; i --)
        B[1][i] = B[1][i - 1];
    B[1][0] = temp;

    for(i = 0; i <= 1; i ++){
        temp = B[2][i];
        B[2][i] = B[2][i + 2];
        B[2][i + 2] = temp;
    }

    temp = B[3][0];

    for(i = 0; i <= 2; i ++)
        B[3][i] = B[3][i + 1];
    B[3][3] = temp;

}

//逆列混淆运算

void invmixcolum(unsigned char input[][4]){

    int i, j;
    unsigned char output[4][4];

    for(j = 0; j < 4; j++)
        for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
            output[i][j] = (xtime(xtime(xtime(input[i % 4][j]))) ^ xtime(xtime(input[i % 4][j])) ^ xtime(input[i % 4][j])) //0x0E乘法
                           ^ (xtime(xtime(xtime(input[ ( i + 1 ) % 4][j]))) ^ xtime(input[ ( i + 1 ) % 4][j]) ^ input[ ( i + 1 ) % 4][j]) //0x0B乘法
                           ^ (xtime(xtime(xtime(input[ ( i + 2 ) % 4][j]))) ^ xtime(xtime(input[ ( i + 2 ) % 4][j])) ^ input[ ( i + 2 ) % 4][j]) //0x0D乘法
                           ^ (xtime(xtime(xtime(input[ ( i + 3 ) % 4][j]))) ^ input[ ( i + 3 ) % 4][j]); //0x09乘法

    for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
            input[i][j] = output[i][j];

}

//逆字节变换
void invbytesub(unsigned char N_S_BOX[][16], unsigned char B[][4]){

    register int i, j;

    for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
            B[i][j] = N_S_BOX[B[i][j] / 16][B[i][j] % 16];

}

int encrypt_ecb(unsigned char S_BOX[][16]){
 
    unsigned char e, B[4][4];
    unsigned char keys[4][60];
    int i, j;
    int level;
    
    char str[MAXLEN],result[MAXLEN]; 
    int cArray[4][4];
    int len, clen, k, l, padLength, textwhere;
    unsigned char strr[MAXLEN];
    
    if(forming == 1){
    	printf("直接输入字符串请输入：1\n");
    	printf("从本地文件读取字符串请输入：2\n\n");
    	printf("请输入选择：");
    	scanf("%d",&textwhere);
    	
    	if(textwhere == 1){
    		printf("\n请输入明文：\n");
    		scanf("%s", str);
    		getchar();
    		len = strlen(str);
		}
		
		else if(textwhere == 2){
			char fileName[64];
    		printf("\n请输入要加密的文件名，该文件必须和本程序在同一个目录\n");
    		if (scanf("%s", fileName) == 1){
    			clen = readStrFromFile(fileName, str);
			}
			len = clen;
		}
		padLength = 16 - len % 16; //需要填充多少个字符 
    	for(i = len; i < padLength + len; i ++){
    		str[i] = (char)padLength;
		}
		len += padLength;
		str[len] = '\0';
	}
	
	else if(forming == 2){
    	
    	printf("请输入十六进制明文：\n");
    	i = 0;
    	while(1){
			scanf("%x",&strr[i]);
			i++;
			if(cin.get()=='\n')
				break;
		}
		//	getchar();
    	len = i;
    	padLength = 16 - len % 16;
    	for(i = len; i < padLength + len; i ++){
    		strr[i] = (unsigned char)padLength;
		}
		len += padLength;
		 		
	}
	
	else if(forming == 3){
		
		char fileName[64];
		printf("请输入要加密的二进制文件名，比如'test.dat'，该文件必须和本程序在同一个目录\n");
		scanf("%s", fileName);
		ifstream file(fileName, ios::out | ios::binary);
   		if (!file)
    	{
        	cout << "Error opening file.";
        	exit(0);
    	}
    	i = 0;
    	while(file.read((char *)&strr[i], sizeof(unsigned char))){
    		i++;
		}
		file.close();
			
		len = i;
//		printf("len=%d",len);
		padLength = 16 - len % 16;
    	for(i = len; i < padLength + len; i ++){
    		strr[i] = (unsigned char)padLength;
		}
		len += padLength;
		
	}

    putchar('\n');
    keyexpansion(S_BOX, keys);
    
    k = 0;
    
    for(l = 0; l < len; l += 16){
    	
    	k = l;
    	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++){
    		for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
    			if(forming == 1)
    				B[j][i] = getIntFromChar(str[k]);
    			else if(forming == 2 || forming == 3)
    				B[j][i] = strr[k];
				
    			k++;
			}
		}				
	
		//轮密钥加 
		for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
            	B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j];
        	}
        	
        	
        for(level = 1; level <= beforeTimes; level ++){    //前n-1轮循环 
        	bytesub(S_BOX, B); //字节代换 
        	shiftrow(B);  //行移位 
        	mixcolumn(B);  //列混合 

			//轮密钥加 
        	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	    for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
        	        B[i][j] ^= keys[i][level * 4 + j];        	                	        
    	}

    	bytesub(S_BOX, B);               //第n轮循环
    	shiftrow(B);
    	
    	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){ 
            	B[i][j] ^= keys[i][wordLength - 4 + j];
            	cArray[i][j] = (int)B[i][j];      
        	} 
        	
        convertArrayToStr(cArray, result+l);
	
	}
	result[len]='\0';

	char fileName[64];
	printf("请输入你想要写进的文件名，比如'test.txt':\n");
	if (scanf("%s", fileName) == 1) {
		writeStrToFile(result, len, fileName);
		printf("已经将密文写进%s中了,可以在运行该程序的当前目录中找到它。\n", fileName);
	}

    return 0;
}

int encrypt_cbc(unsigned char S_BOX[][16]){
 
    unsigned char e, B[4][4], iv[4][4];
    unsigned char keys[4][60];
    int i, j;
    int level, padLength;
    
    char str[MAXLEN],result[MAXLEN]; 
    int cArray[4][4];
    int len, clen, k, l, textwhere;
    unsigned char strr[MAXLEN];

	if(forming == 1){
    	printf("直接输入字符串请输入：1\n");
    	printf("从本地文件读取字符串请输入：2\n\n");
    	printf("请输入选择：");
    	scanf("%d",&textwhere);
    	
    	if(textwhere == 1){
    		printf("\n请输入明文：\n");
    		scanf("%s", str);
    		getchar();
    		len = strlen(str);
		}
		
		else if(textwhere == 2){
			char fileName[64];
    		printf("请输入要加密的文件名，该文件必须和本程序在同一个目录\n");
    		if (scanf("%s", fileName) == 1){
    			clen = readStrFromFile(fileName, str);
			}
			len = clen;
		}
		padLength = 16 - len % 16; //需要填充多少个字符 
    	for(i = len; i < padLength + len; i ++){
    		str[i] = (char)padLength;
		}
		len += padLength;
		str[len] = '\0';
	}
	
	else if(forming == 2){
    	
    	printf("请输入十六进制明文：\n");
    	i = 0;
    	while(1){
			scanf("%x",&strr[i]);
			i++;
			if(cin.get()=='\n')
				break;
		}
		//	getchar();
    	len = i;
    	padLength = 16 - len % 16;
    	for(i = len; i < padLength + len; i ++){
    		strr[i] = (unsigned char)padLength;
		}
		len += padLength;
		 		
	}
	
	else if(forming == 3){
		
		char fileName[64];
		printf("请输入要加密的二进制文件名，比如'test.dat'，该文件必须和本程序在同一个目录\n");
		scanf("%s", fileName);
		ifstream file(fileName, ios::out | ios::binary);
   		if (!file)
    	{
        	cout << "Error opening file.";
        	exit(0);
    	}
    	i = 0;
    	while(file.read((char *)&strr[i], sizeof(unsigned char))){
    		i++;
		}
		file.close();
			
		len = i;
//		printf("len=%d",len);
		padLength = 16 - len % 16;
    	for(i = len; i < padLength + len; i ++){
    		strr[i] = (unsigned char)padLength;
		}
		len += padLength;
		
	}

    putchar('\n');   
    
    keyexpansion(S_BOX, keys);
    
    k = 0;
    
    for(l = 0; l < len; l += 16){
    	
    	k = l;
    	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++){
    		for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
    			if(forming == 1)
    				B[j][i] = getIntFromChar(str[k]);
    			else if(forming == 2 || forming == 3)
    				B[j][i] = strr[k];
    			k++;
			}
		}
		if(l == 0){
			for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++){
				for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++){
					iv[i][j] = 0;					
				}
			}

		}
		
		xorWithiv(iv, B); //和偏移向量进行异或 
	
		//轮密钥加 
		for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
            	B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j];
        	}
        	  	
        for(level = 1; level <= beforeTimes; level ++){    //1到9轮循环
        	bytesub(S_BOX, B); //字节代换 
        	shiftrow(B);  //行移位 
        	mixcolumn(B);  //列混合 

			//这里似乎又是轮密钥加 
        	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	    for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
        	        B[i][j] ^= keys[i][level * 4 + j];        	                	        
    	}

    	bytesub(S_BOX, B);               //第10轮循环
    	shiftrow(B);
    	
    	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){ 
            	B[i][j] ^= keys[i][wordLength - 4 + j];
            	cArray[i][j] = (int)B[i][j];      
        	} 
        	
        convertArrayToStr(cArray, result+l);
	
		for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++){
			for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++){
				iv[i][j] = B[i][j];
			}
		}
		
  	
	}
	result[len]='\0';

	char fileName[64];
	printf("请输入你想要写进的文件名，比如'test.txt':\n");
	if (scanf("%s", fileName) == 1) {
		writeStrToFile(result, len, fileName);
		printf("已经将密文写进%s中了,可以在运行该程序的当前目录中找到它。\n", fileName);
	}

    return 0;
}

int decrypt_ecb(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char N_S_BOX[][16]){ 
 
    unsigned char B[4][4];
    unsigned char keys[4][60];
    int temp, clen, i, j;
    int level, padLength;
    
    char str[MAXLEN];
    char result[MAXLEN];
    int cArray[4][4];
    unsigned char chArray[MAXLEN];
    int len, l, k;  
    
    char fileName[64];
    printf("请输入要解密的文件名，该文件必须和本程序在同一个目录\n");
    if (scanf("%s", fileName) == 1){
    	clen = readStrFromFile(fileName, str);
	}

    len = clen;
	putchar('\n');
    
    keyexpansion(S_BOX, keys);
    
    printf("解密结果为:\n");

	for(l = 0; l < len; l +=16){
    	k = l;
    	for(i = 0;i <=3; i ++){
    		for(j = 0; j <=3; j ++){
    			B[j][i] = getIntFromChar(str[k]);
    			k ++;
			}
		}

		for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
            	B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j + wordLength - 4];
		
		for(level = 1; level <= beforeTimes; level ++){

        	invshiftrow(B);
        	invbytesub(N_S_BOX, B);

        	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	    for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
        	        B[i][j] ^= keys[i][wordLength - 4 - level * 4 + j];

        	invmixcolum(B);
    	}

    	invshiftrow(B);
    	invbytesub(N_S_BOX, B);
    	
    	if(forming == 1){
    		for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        		for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
        		      B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j];
        		    cArray[i][j] = (int)B[i][j];		           	
				}
	
			convertArrayToStr(cArray, result+l);
		}
		
		else if(forming == 2 || forming ==3){
			for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        		for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
        		      B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j];	           	
				}
	
			convertArrayToStr16(chArray, B, l);
		}			
	}
	
	if(forming == 1){
		padLength = (int)result[len-1];
		result[len-padLength]='\0';
			
		printf("%s",result);
		putchar('\n');
	}
	
	else if(forming == 2){
		padLength = (int)chArray[len-1];
		len -= padLength;
		
		for(i = 0; i < len; i ++){
			printf("%x ",chArray[i]);
		}
		putchar('\n');
	}
	
	else if(forming == 3){
		padLength = (int)chArray[len-1];
		len -= padLength;

		printf("请输入你想要存放的二进制文件名，比如'test.dat':\n");
		scanf("%s", fileName);
			
		ofstream file(fileName, ios::out | ios::binary);
		for(i = 0; i < len; i ++){
			file.write((char*)&chArray[i], sizeof(unsigned char));
		}
		printf("已经将密文写进%s中了,可以在运行该程序的当前目录中找到它。\n", fileName);
	}

    return 0;
}

int decrypt_cbc(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char N_S_BOX[][16]){
 
    unsigned char B[4][4], iv[4][4], bef[4][4];
    unsigned char keys[4][60];
    int temp, clen, i, j;
    int level;
    
    char str[MAXLEN];
    char result[MAXLEN];
    int cArray[4][4];
    unsigned char chArray[MAXLEN];
    int len, l, k, padLength;
    
    char fileName[64];
    printf("请输入要解密的文件名，该文件必须和本程序在同一个目录\n");
    if (scanf("%s", fileName) == 1){
    	clen = readStrFromFile(fileName, str);
	}

    len = clen;
	putchar('\n');
    
    keyexpansion(S_BOX, keys);
    
    printf("解密结果为:\n");

	for(l = 0; l < len; l +=16){
    	k = l;
    	for(i = 0;i <=3; i ++){
    		for(j = 0; j <=3; j ++){
    			B[j][i] = getIntFromChar(str[k]);
    			bef[j][i] = B[j][i];
    			k ++;
			}
		}

		if(l == 0){
			for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++){
				for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++){
					iv[i][j] = 0;
				}
			}
		}

		for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
            	B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j + wordLength - 4];
		
		for(level = 1; level <= beforeTimes; level ++){

        	invshiftrow(B);
        	invbytesub(N_S_BOX, B);

        	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	    for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
        	        B[i][j] ^= keys[i][wordLength - 4 - level * 4 + j];

        	invmixcolum(B);
    	}

    	invshiftrow(B);
    	invbytesub(N_S_BOX, B);
    	
    	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
        	      B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j];			           	
			}
		
		xorWithiv(iv, B);

		if(forming == 1){
			for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++){
				for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
					iv[i][j] = bef[i][j];
					cArray[i][j] = (int)B[i][j]; 
				}
			}
			
			convertArrayToStr(cArray, result+l);
		}
		
		else if(forming == 2 || forming == 3){
			for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++){
				for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
					iv[i][j] = bef[i][j];
				}
			}
			
			convertArrayToStr16(chArray, B, l);
		}					
	}
	
	if(forming == 1){
		padLength = (int)result[len-1];
		result[len-padLength]='\0';
			
		printf("%s",result);
		putchar('\n');
	}
	
	else if(forming == 2){
		padLength = (int)chArray[len-1];
		len -= padLength;
		
		for(i = 0; i < len; i ++){
			printf("%x ",chArray[i]);
		}
		putchar('\n');
	}
	
	else if(forming == 3){
		padLength = (int)chArray[len-1];
		len -= padLength;

		printf("请输入你想要存放的二进制文件名，比如'test.dat':\n");
		scanf("%s", fileName);
			
		ofstream file(fileName, ios::out | ios::binary);
		for(i = 0; i < len; i ++){
			file.write((char*)&chArray[i], sizeof(unsigned char));
		}
		printf("已经将密文写进%s中了,可以在运行该程序的当前目录中找到它。\n", fileName);
	}

    return 0;

}

int main()
{

    unsigned char S_BOX[16][16] =
    {
        0x63, 0x7C, 0x77, 0x7B, 0xF2, 0x6B, 0x6F, 0xC5,
        0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2B, 0xFE, 0xD7, 0xAB, 0x76,
        0xCA, 0x82, 0xC9, 0x7D, 0xFA, 0x59, 0x47, 0xF0,
        0xAD, 0xD4, 0xA2, 0xAF, 0x9C, 0xA4, 0x72, 0xC0,
        0xB7, 0xFD, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3F, 0xF7, 0xCC,
        0x34, 0xA5, 0xE5, 0xF1, 0x71, 0xD8, 0x31, 0x15,
        0x04, 0xC7, 0x23, 0xC3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9A,
        0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xE2, 0xEB, 0x27, 0xB2, 0x75,
        0x09, 0x83, 0x2C, 0x1A, 0x1B, 0x6E, 0x5A, 0xA0,
        0x52, 0x3B, 0xD6, 0xB3, 0x29, 0xE3, 0x2F, 0x84,
        0x53, 0xD1, 0x00, 0xED, 0x20, 0xFC, 0xB1, 0x5B,
        0x6A, 0xCB, 0xBE, 0x39, 0x4A, 0x4C, 0x58, 0xCF,
        0xD0, 0xEF, 0xAA, 0xFB, 0x43, 0x4D, 0x33, 0x85,
        0x45, 0xF9, 0x02, 0x7F, 0x50, 0x3C, 0x9F, 0xA8,
        0x51, 0xA3, 0x40, 0x8F, 0x92, 0x9D, 0x38, 0xF5,
        0xBC, 0xB6, 0xDA, 0x21, 0x10, 0xFF, 0xF3, 0xD2,
        0xCD, 0x0C, 0x13, 0xEC, 0x5F, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17,
        0xC4, 0xA7, 0x7E, 0x3D, 0x64, 0x5D, 0x19, 0x73,
        0x60, 0x81, 0x4F, 0xDC, 0x22, 0x2A, 0x90, 0x88,
        0x46, 0xEE, 0xB8, 0x14, 0xDE, 0x5E, 0x0B, 0xDB,
        0xE0, 0x32, 0x3A, 0x0A, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5C,
        0xC2, 0xD3, 0xAC, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xE4, 0x79,
        0xE7, 0xC8, 0x37, 0x6D, 0x8D, 0xD5, 0x4E, 0xA9,
        0x6C, 0x56, 0xF4, 0xEA, 0x65, 0x7A, 0xAE, 0x08,
        0xBA, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2E, 0x1C, 0xA6, 0xB4, 0xC6,
        0xE8, 0xDD, 0x74, 0x1F, 0x4B, 0xBD, 0x8B, 0x8A,
        0x70, 0x3E, 0xB5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xF6, 0x0E,
        0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xB9, 0x86, 0xC1, 0x1D, 0x9E,
        0xE1, 0xF8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xD9, 0x8E, 0x94,
        0x9B, 0x1E, 0x87, 0xE9, 0xCE, 0x55, 0x28, 0xDF,
        0x8C, 0xA1, 0x89, 0x0D, 0xBF, 0xE6, 0x42, 0x68, 
        0x41, 0x99, 0x2D, 0x0F, 0xB0, 0x54, 0xBB, 0x16
    };

    unsigned char N_S_BOX[16][16] =
    {
        0x52, 0x09, 0x6A, 0xD5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xA5, 0x38,
        0xBF, 0x40, 0xA3, 0x9E, 0x81, 0xF3, 0xD7, 0xFB,
        0x7C, 0xE3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9B, 0x2F, 0xFF, 0x87,
        0x34, 0x8E, 0x43, 0x44, 0xC4, 0xDE, 0xE9, 0xCB,
        0x54, 0x7B, 0x94, 0x32, 0xA6, 0xC2, 0x23, 0x3D,
        0xEE, 0x4C, 0x95, 0x0B, 0x42, 0xFA, 0xC3, 0x4E,
        0x08, 0x2E, 0xA1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xD9, 0x24, 0xB2,
        0x76, 0x5B, 0xA2, 0x49, 0x6D, 0x8B, 0xD1, 0x25,
        0x72, 0xF8, 0xF6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16,
        0xD4, 0xA4, 0x5C, 0xCC, 0x5D, 0x65, 0xB6, 0x92,
        0x6C, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xFD, 0xED, 0xB9, 0xDA,
        0x5E, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xA7, 0x8D, 0x9D, 0x84,
        0x90, 0xD8, 0xAB, 0x00, 0x8C, 0xBC, 0xD3, 0x0A,
        0xF7, 0xE4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xB8, 0xB3, 0x45, 0x06,
        0xD0, 0x2C, 0x1E, 0x8F, 0xCA, 0x3F, 0x0F, 0x02,
        0xC1, 0xAF, 0xBD, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8A, 0x6B,
        0x3A, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4F, 0x67, 0xDC, 0xEA,
        0x97, 0xF2, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0xF0, 0xB4, 0xE6, 0x73,
        0x96, 0xAC, 0x74, 0x22, 0xE7, 0xAD, 0x35, 0x85,
        0xE2, 0xF9, 0x37, 0xE8, 0x1C, 0x75, 0xDF, 0x6E,
        0x47, 0xF1, 0x1A, 0x71, 0x1D, 0x29, 0xC5, 0x89,
        0x6F, 0xB7, 0x62, 0x0E, 0xAA, 0x18, 0xBE, 0x1B,
        0xFC, 0x56, 0x3E, 0x4B, 0xC6, 0xD2, 0x79, 0x20,
        0x9A, 0xDB, 0xC0, 0xFE, 0x78, 0xCD, 0x5A, 0xF4,
        0x1F, 0xDD, 0xA8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xC7, 0x31,
        0xB1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xEC, 0x5F,
        0x60, 0x51, 0x7F, 0xA9, 0x19, 0xB5, 0x4A, 0x0D,
        0x2D, 0xE5, 0x7A, 0x9F, 0x93, 0xC9, 0x9C, 0xEF,
        0xA0, 0xE0, 0x3B, 0x4D, 0xAE, 0x2A, 0xF5, 0xB0,
        0xC8, 0xEB, 0xBB, 0x3C, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61,
        0x17, 0x2B, 0x04, 0x7E, 0xBA, 0x77, 0xD6, 0x26,
        0xE1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0C, 0x7D
    };

    int choose;

    printf("AES加解密的C++实现:\n");//打印标题

loop:

    printf("\n加密请输入: 1\n");
    printf("解密请输入: 2\n");
    printf("退出请输入: 0 \n\n");
    printf("请输入选择:");
    
    scanf("%d", &choose);
    printf("\n");

    switch(choose){

    case 1:
    	printf("请选择加密方式：\n");
    	printf("1:AES_128_ECB,2:AES_192_ECB,3:AES_256_ECB,4:AES_128_CBC,5:AES_192_CBC,6:AES_256_CBC \n\n");
    	printf("请输入选择:");
    	
    	scanf("%d", &mode);
    	printf("\n");
    	
    	printf("请输入明文类型：\n");
    	printf("字符串加密请输入：1\n");
    	printf("十六进制数加密请输入：2\n");
    	printf("二进制数加密请输入：3\n\n");
    	printf("请输入选择:");
    	
    	scanf("%d", &forming);
    	printf("\n");
    	
    	if(mode == 1 || mode == 2 || mode == 3){
    		encrypt_ecb(S_BOX);
		}
		
		if(mode == 4 || mode == 5 || mode == 6){
    		encrypt_cbc(S_BOX);
		}
    	
//        encrypt(S_BOX);
        goto loop;

    case 2:
    	printf("请选择解密方式：\n");
    	printf("1:AES_128_ECB,2:AES_192_ECB,3:AES_256_ECB,4:AES_128_CBC,5:AES_192_CBC,6:AES_256_CBC \n\n");
    	printf("请输入选择:");
    	
    	scanf("%d", &mode);
    	printf("\n");
    	
    	printf("请选择解密结果类型：\n");
    	printf("解密结果为字符串请输入：1\n");
    	printf("解密结果为十六进制数请输入：2\n");
    	printf("解密结果为二进制数请输入：3\n\n");
    	printf("请输入选择:");
    	
    	scanf("%d", &forming);
    	printf("\n");
    	
    	if(mode == 1 || mode == 2 || mode == 3){
    		decrypt_ecb(S_BOX, N_S_BOX);
		}
		
		if(mode == 4 || mode == 5 || mode == 6){
			decrypt_cbc(S_BOX, N_S_BOX);
		}
    	
//        decrypt(S_BOX, N_S_BOX);
        goto loop;

    case 0:
        exit(0);

    default :
        exit(0);

    }

    return 0;

}


// 一个中文占两个字符位置

后来我发现，它虽然能正常的加密解密，但是加密结果跟网上的版本不太一样，两个128模式是好的，192和256不行，我就又改了一下那个密钥扩展的函数，之前估计是这里写的不对。密钥位数不够的地方，也设置为补0填充了。

//用于扩展密钥的轮常量
const static unsigned char rcon[13][4] =
{
	{0x01,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x2,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x4,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x8,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x10,0x0,0x0,0x0},
	{0x20,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x40,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x80,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x1b,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x36,0x0,0x0,0x0},
	{0x6c,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0xd8,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0xab,0x0,0x0,0x0}
};

//输入密钥，并进行扩展

void setKey(unsigned char S_BOX[][16],unsigned char keys[][60]){
	
	char str[36];
	int k, i, j, len;
	unsigned char temp[4];

	if(mode ==1 ||mode == 4){
		printf("请输入16位长度密钥:\n");
		setKeyLength(128);
	}
	
	if(mode ==2 ||mode == 5){
		printf("请输入24位长度密钥:\n");
		setKeyLength(192);
	}
	
	if(mode ==3 ||mode == 6){
		printf("请输入32位长度密钥:\n");
		setKeyLength(256);
	}
    
    scanf("%s", str);
    printf("\n");
    
    len = strlen(str);
    for(i = len; i < keybyte; i++){
    	str[i] = 0;
	}
	str[len] = '\0';

	k = 0;
	for(i = 0; i < keyword; i ++)
        for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
        	keys[j][i] = getIntFromChar(str[k]);
        	k ++;
		}

    for(i = keyword; i < wordLength;  i++){ //后40个word
        if(i%keyword!=0){//不是4的倍数，word[i] = word[i-4]^word[i-1]
        	for(j = 0; j < 4; j++){
        		temp[j] = keys[j][i - 1];
			}
			
            for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++){
                if(i % keyword == 4 && keyword > 6){
                	temp[j] = S_BOX[temp[j] / 16][temp[j] % 16];
                }
                keys[j][i] = keys[j][i - keyword] ^ temp[j];
            }
        }
        
        else{//4的倍数，word[i] = word[i-4]^T(word[i-1]),T代表字节左移一位，S盒字节代换，根据轮数与轮常量进行异或
        	for(j = 0; j < 4; j++){
        		temp[j] = keys[j][i - 1];
			}
            for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++){           
                temp[j] = keys[(j + 1) % 4][i - 1];
                temp[j] = S_BOX[temp[j] / 16][temp[j] % 16];
                temp[j] = temp[j] ^ rcon[(i / keyword - 1)][j];
                keys[j][i] = keys[j][i - keyword] ^ temp[j];
            }

        }
    }
}

修改后的完整代码

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

#define MAXLEN 1024
int mode, padding;
//mode 1:AES_128_ECB,2:AES_192_ECB,3:AES_256_ECB,4:AES_128_CBC,5:AES_192_CBC,6:AES_256_CBC

int wordLength;
int keyword;//密钥有多少个字长
int encryptTimes;//轮数
int beforeTimes;
int keybyte;
int forming;//1：字符串 2:十六进制 3:二进制 

unsigned char xtime (unsigned char input);
void bytesub(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char B[][4]);
void shiftrow(unsigned char B[][4]);
void mixcolumn(unsigned char input[][4]);
void invbytesub(unsigned char N_S_BOX[][16], unsigned char B[][4]);
void invshiftrow(unsigned char B[][4]);
void invmixcolum(unsigned char input[][4]);
int encrypt_ecb(unsigned char S_BOX[][16]);
int decrypt_ecb(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char N_S_BOX[][16]);
int encrypt_cbc(unsigned char S_BOX[][16]);
int decrypt_cbc(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char N_S_BOX[][16]);

static int getIntFromChar(char c);
static void convertArrayToStr(int array[4][4], char* str);
static void convertArrayToStr16(unsigned char chArray[4][4], unsigned char B[4][4], int l);
void writeStrToFile(char* str, int len, char* fileName);
void xorWithiv(unsigned char iv[4][4], unsigned char B[4][4]);
void setKeyLength(int length);
int readStrFromFile(char* fileName, char* str);
void setKey(unsigned char S_BOX[][16],unsigned char keys[][60]);//设置密钥

//把一个字符转变成整型
static int getIntFromChar(char c) {
	int result = (int)c;
	return result & 0x000000ff;
}

//把4X4数组转回字符串
static void convertArrayToStr(int array[4][4], char* str) {
	int i, j;
	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
		for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)
			*str++ = (char)array[j][i];
}

//把4X4数组放进十六进制存放的字符串 
static void convertArrayToStr16(unsigned char chArray[], unsigned char B[4][4], int l){
	int i, j;
	for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++){
		for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++){
			chArray[l] = B[j][i];
			l++;
		}
	}
} 

//把字符串写进文件
void writeStrToFile(char* str, int len, char* fileName) {
	FILE* fp;
	fp = fopen(fileName, "wb");
	for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
		putc(str[i], fp);
	fclose(fp);
}

//从文件中读取字符串
int readStrFromFile(char* fileName, char* str) {
	FILE* fp = fopen(fileName, "rb");
	if (fp == NULL) {
		printf("打开文件出错，请确认文件存在当前目录下！\n");
		exit(0);
	}

	int i;
//	for (i = 0; i < MAXLEN && (str[i] = getc(fp)) != EOF; i++);
	for (i = 0; i < MAXLEN && !feof(fp); i++){
		str[i] = getc(fp);
	}
	i--;

	if (i >= MAXLEN) {
		printf("解密文件过大！\n");
		exit(0);
	}

	str[i] = '\0';
	fclose(fp);
	return i;
}

//和偏移向量进行异或
void xorWithiv(unsigned char iv[4][4], unsigned char B[4][4]){
    for(int i = 0; i <= 3; i ++){
        for(int j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
            B[i][j]^= iv[i][j];
        }
    }
} 

void setKeyLength(int length){

    keybyte = length>>3;//密钥的字节数量
    keyword = keybyte>>2;//已经有了多少字

    encryptTimes = keyword + 6;
    beforeTimes = encryptTimes-1;
    wordLength = (encryptTimes+1)<<2;//总字数，

}

//用于扩展密钥的轮常量
const static unsigned char rcon[13][4] =
{
	{0x01,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x2,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x4,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x8,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x10,0x0,0x0,0x0},
	{0x20,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x40,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x80,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x1b,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0x36,0x0,0x0,0x0},
	{0x6c,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0xd8,0x0,0x0,0x0},{0xab,0x0,0x0,0x0}
};

//输入密钥，并进行扩展

void setKey(unsigned char S_BOX[][16],unsigned char keys[][60]){
	
	char str[36];
	int k, i, j, len;
	unsigned char temp[4];

	if(mode ==1 ||mode == 4){
		printf("请输入16位长度密钥:\n");
		setKeyLength(128);
	}
	
	if(mode ==2 ||mode == 5){
		printf("请输入24位长度密钥:\n");
		setKeyLength(192);
	}
	
	if(mode ==3 ||mode == 6){
		printf("请输入32位长度密钥:\n");
		setKeyLength(256);
	}
    
    scanf("%s", str);
    printf("\n");
    
    len = strlen(str);
    for(i = len; i < keybyte; i++){
    	str[i] = 0;
	}
	str[len] = '\0';

	k = 0;
	for(i = 0; i < keyword; i ++)
        for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
        	keys[j][i] = getIntFromChar(str[k]);
        	k ++;
		}

    for(i = keyword; i < wordLength;  i++){ //后40个word
        if(i%keyword!=0){//不是4的倍数，word[i] = word[i-4]^word[i-1]
        	for(j = 0; j < 4; j++){
        		temp[j] = keys[j][i - 1];
			}
			
            for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++){
                if(i % keyword == 4 && keyword > 6){
                	temp[j] = S_BOX[temp[j] / 16][temp[j] % 16];
                }
                keys[j][i] = keys[j][i - keyword] ^ temp[j];
            }
        }
        
        else{//4的倍数，word[i] = word[i-4]^T(word[i-1]),T代表字节左移一位，S盒字节代换，根据轮数与轮常量进行异或
        	for(j = 0; j < 4; j++){
        		temp[j] = keys[j][i - 1];
			}
            for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++){           
                temp[j] = keys[(j + 1) % 4][i - 1];
                temp[j] = S_BOX[temp[j] / 16][temp[j] % 16];
                temp[j] = temp[j] ^ rcon[(i / keyword - 1)][j];
                keys[j][i] = keys[j][i - keyword] ^ temp[j];
            }

        }
    }
}

//列混淆运算用到的乘2函数
unsigned char xtime (unsigned char input){    // x乘法('02'乘法)

    int temp;
    temp = input << 1;
    
    if(input & 0x80){
        temp ^= 0x1b;
    }

    return temp;

}

//列混淆运算
void mixcolumn(unsigned char input[][4]){  //列混淆

    int i, j;
    unsigned char output[4][4];

    for(j = 0; j <= 3; j++)
        for(i = 0; i <= 3; i++)
            output[i][j] = xtime(input[i%4][j]) //0x02乘法
                           ^ ( input[ ( i + 1 ) % 4][j] ^ xtime( input[ ( i + 1 ) % 4][j] ) ) //0x03乘法
                           ^ input[ ( i + 2 ) % 4][j]  //0x01乘法
                           ^ input[ ( i + 3 ) % 4][j]; //0x01乘法

    for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
            input[i][j] = output[i][j];

}

//行移位

void shiftrow(unsigned char B[][4]){

    int i, temp;
    temp = B[1][0];

    for(i = 0; i <= 2; i ++)
        B[1][i] = B[1][i + 1];
    B[1][3] = temp;

    for(i = 0; i <= 1; i ++){

        temp = B[2][i];
        B[2][i] = B[2][i + 2];
        B[2][i + 2] = temp;

    }

    temp = B[3][3];
    for(i = 3; i >= 1; i --)
        B[3][i] = B[3][i - 1];
    B[3][0] = temp;

}

//字节变换
void bytesub(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char B[][4]){

    register int i, j;
    
    for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
            B[i][j] = S_BOX[B[i][j] / 16][B[i][j] % 16];

}

//逆行移位
void invshiftrow(unsigned char B[][4]){

    int i, temp;

    temp = B[1][3];

    for(i = 3; i >= 1; i --)
        B[1][i] = B[1][i - 1];
    B[1][0] = temp;

    for(i = 0; i <= 1; i ++){
        temp = B[2][i];
        B[2][i] = B[2][i + 2];
        B[2][i + 2] = temp;
    }

    temp = B[3][0];

    for(i = 0; i <= 2; i ++)
        B[3][i] = B[3][i + 1];
    B[3][3] = temp;

}

//逆列混淆运算

void invmixcolum(unsigned char input[][4]){

    int i, j;
    unsigned char output[4][4];

    for(j = 0; j < 4; j++)
        for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
            output[i][j] = (xtime(xtime(xtime(input[i % 4][j]))) ^ xtime(xtime(input[i % 4][j])) ^ xtime(input[i % 4][j])) //0x0E乘法
                           ^ (xtime(xtime(xtime(input[ ( i + 1 ) % 4][j]))) ^ xtime(input[ ( i + 1 ) % 4][j]) ^ input[ ( i + 1 ) % 4][j]) //0x0B乘法
                           ^ (xtime(xtime(xtime(input[ ( i + 2 ) % 4][j]))) ^ xtime(xtime(input[ ( i + 2 ) % 4][j])) ^ input[ ( i + 2 ) % 4][j]) //0x0D乘法
                           ^ (xtime(xtime(xtime(input[ ( i + 3 ) % 4][j]))) ^ input[ ( i + 3 ) % 4][j]); //0x09乘法

    for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
            input[i][j] = output[i][j];

}

//逆字节变换
void invbytesub(unsigned char N_S_BOX[][16], unsigned char B[][4]){

    register int i, j;

    for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
            B[i][j] = N_S_BOX[B[i][j] / 16][B[i][j] % 16];

}

int encrypt_ecb(unsigned char S_BOX[][16]){
 
    unsigned char e, B[4][4];
    unsigned char keys[4][60];
    int i, j;
    int level;
    
    char str[MAXLEN],result[MAXLEN]; 
    int cArray[4][4];
    int len, clen, k, l, padLength, textwhere;
    unsigned char strr[MAXLEN];
    
    if(forming == 1){
    	printf("直接输入字符串请输入：1\n");
    	printf("从本地文件读取字符串请输入：2\n\n");
    	printf("请输入选择：");
    	scanf("%d",&textwhere);
    	
    	if(textwhere == 1){
    		printf("\n请输入明文：\n");
    		scanf("%s", str);
    		getchar();
    		len = strlen(str);
		}
		
		else if(textwhere == 2){
			char fileName[64];
    		printf("\n请输入要加密的文件名，该文件必须和本程序在同一个目录\n");
    		if (scanf("%s", fileName) == 1){
    			clen = readStrFromFile(fileName, str);
			}
			len = clen;
		}
		padLength = 16 - len % 16; //需要填充多少个字符 
    	for(i = len; i < padLength + len; i ++){
    		str[i] = (char)padLength;
		}
		len += padLength;
		str[len] = '\0';
	}
	
	else if(forming == 2){
    	
    	printf("请输入十六进制明文：\n");
    	i = 0;
    	while(1){
			scanf("%x",&strr[i]);
			i++;
			if(cin.get()=='\n')
				break;
		}
		//	getchar();
    	len = i;
    	padLength = 16 - len % 16;
    	for(i = len; i < padLength + len; i ++){
    		strr[i] = (unsigned char)padLength;
		}
		len += padLength;
		 		
	}
	
	else if(forming == 3){
		
		char fileName[64];
		printf("请输入要加密的二进制文件名，比如'test.dat'，该文件必须和本程序在同一个目录\n");
		scanf("%s", fileName);
		ifstream file(fileName, ios::out | ios::binary);
   		if (!file)
    	{
        	cout << "Error opening file.";
        	exit(0);
    	}
    	i = 0;
    	while(file.read((char *)&strr[i], sizeof(unsigned char))){
    		i++;
		}
		file.close();
			
		len = i;
//		printf("len=%d",len);
		padLength = 16 - len % 16;
    	for(i = len; i < padLength + len; i ++){
    		strr[i] = (unsigned char)padLength;
		}
		len += padLength;
		
	}

    putchar('\n');
    setKey(S_BOX, keys);
//    keyexpansion(S_BOX, keys);
    
    k = 0;
    
    for(l = 0; l < len; l += 16){
    	
    	k = l;
    	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++){
    		for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
    			if(forming == 1)
    				B[j][i] = getIntFromChar(str[k]);
    			else if(forming == 2 || forming == 3)
    				B[j][i] = strr[k];
				
    			k++;
			}
		}				
	
		//轮密钥加 
		for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
            	B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j];
        	}
        	
        	
        for(level = 1; level <= beforeTimes; level ++){    //前n-1轮循环 
        	bytesub(S_BOX, B); //字节代换 
        	shiftrow(B);  //行移位 
        	mixcolumn(B);  //列混合 

			//轮密钥加 
        	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	    for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
        	        B[i][j] ^= keys[i][level * 4 + j];        	                	        
    	}

    	bytesub(S_BOX, B);               //第n轮循环
    	shiftrow(B);
    	
    	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){ 
            	B[i][j] ^= keys[i][wordLength - 4 + j];
            	cArray[i][j] = (int)B[i][j];      
//            	printf("%x ",B[i][j]);
        	}
		
		for(i=0;i<4;i++){
			for(j=0;j<4;j++){
				printf("%x ",B[j][i]);
			}
		} 
		printf("\n");
        	
        convertArrayToStr(cArray, result+l);
	
	}
	result[len]='\0';

	char fileName[64];
	printf("请输入你想要写进的文件名，比如'test.txt':\n");
	if (scanf("%s", fileName) == 1) {
		writeStrToFile(result, len, fileName);
		printf("已经将密文写进%s中了,可以在运行该程序的当前目录中找到它。\n", fileName);
	}

    return 0;
}

int encrypt_cbc(unsigned char S_BOX[][16]){
 
    unsigned char e, B[4][4], iv[4][4];
    unsigned char keys[4][60];
    int i, j;
    int level, padLength;
    
    char str[MAXLEN],result[MAXLEN]; 
    int cArray[4][4];
    int len, clen, k, l, textwhere;
    unsigned char strr[MAXLEN];

	if(forming == 1){
    	printf("直接输入字符串请输入：1\n");
    	printf("从本地文件读取字符串请输入：2\n\n");
    	printf("请输入选择：");
    	scanf("%d",&textwhere);
    	
    	if(textwhere == 1){
    		printf("\n请输入明文：\n");
    		scanf("%s", str);
    		getchar();
    		len = strlen(str);
		}
		
		else if(textwhere == 2){
			char fileName[64];
    		printf("请输入要加密的文件名，该文件必须和本程序在同一个目录\n");
    		if (scanf("%s", fileName) == 1){
    			clen = readStrFromFile(fileName, str);
			}
			len = clen;
		}
		padLength = 16 - len % 16; //需要填充多少个字符 
    	for(i = len; i < padLength + len; i ++){
    		str[i] = (char)padLength;
		}
		len += padLength;
		str[len] = '\0';
	}
	
	else if(forming == 2){
    	
    	printf("请输入十六进制明文：\n");
    	i = 0;
    	while(1){
			scanf("%x",&strr[i]);
			i++;
			if(cin.get()=='\n')
				break;
		}
		//	getchar();
    	len = i;
    	padLength = 16 - len % 16;
    	for(i = len; i < padLength + len; i ++){
    		strr[i] = (unsigned char)padLength;
		}
		len += padLength;
		 		
	}
	
	else if(forming == 3){
		
		char fileName[64];
		printf("请输入要加密的二进制文件名，比如'test.dat'，该文件必须和本程序在同一个目录\n");
		scanf("%s", fileName);
		ifstream file(fileName, ios::out | ios::binary);
   		if (!file)
    	{
        	cout << "Error opening file.";
        	exit(0);
    	}
    	i = 0;
    	while(file.read((char *)&strr[i], sizeof(unsigned char))){
    		i++;
		}
		file.close();
			
		len = i;
//		printf("len=%d",len);
		padLength = 16 - len % 16;
    	for(i = len; i < padLength + len; i ++){
    		strr[i] = (unsigned char)padLength;
		}
		len += padLength;
		
	}

    putchar('\n');   
    
    //keyexpansion(S_BOX, keys);
    setKey(S_BOX, keys);
    
    k = 0;
    
    for(l = 0; l < len; l += 16){
    	
    	k = l;
    	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++){
    		for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
    			if(forming == 1)
    				B[j][i] = getIntFromChar(str[k]);
    			else if(forming == 2 || forming == 3)
    				B[j][i] = strr[k];
    			k++;
			}
		}
		if(l == 0){
			for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++){
				for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++){
					iv[i][j] = 0;					
				}
			}

		}
		
		xorWithiv(iv, B); //和偏移向量进行异或 
	
		//轮密钥加 
		for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
            	B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j];
        	}
        	  	
        for(level = 1; level <= beforeTimes; level ++){    //1到9轮循环
        	bytesub(S_BOX, B); //字节代换 
        	shiftrow(B);  //行移位 
        	mixcolumn(B);  //列混合 

			//这里似乎又是轮密钥加 
        	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	    for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
        	        B[i][j] ^= keys[i][level * 4 + j];        	                	        
    	}

    	bytesub(S_BOX, B);               //第10轮循环
    	shiftrow(B);
    	
    	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){ 
            	B[i][j] ^= keys[i][wordLength - 4 + j];
            	cArray[i][j] = (int)B[i][j];      
        	} 
        	
        convertArrayToStr(cArray, result+l);
	
		for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++){
			for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++){
				iv[i][j] = B[i][j];
			}
		}
		for(i=0;i<4;i++){
			for(j=0;j<4;j++){
				printf("%x ",B[j][i]);
			}
		} 
		printf("\n");
  	
	}
	result[len]='\0';

	char fileName[64];
	printf("请输入你想要写进的文件名，比如'test.txt':\n");
	if (scanf("%s", fileName) == 1) {
		writeStrToFile(result, len, fileName);
		printf("已经将密文写进%s中了,可以在运行该程序的当前目录中找到它。\n", fileName);
	}

    return 0;
}

int decrypt_ecb(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char N_S_BOX[][16]){ 
 
    unsigned char B[4][4];
    unsigned char keys[4][60];
    int temp, clen, i, j;
    int level, padLength;
    
    char str[MAXLEN];
    char result[MAXLEN];
    int cArray[4][4];
    unsigned char chArray[MAXLEN];
    int len, l, k;  
    
    char fileName[64];
    printf("请输入要解密的文件名，该文件必须和本程序在同一个目录\n");
    if (scanf("%s", fileName) == 1){
    	clen = readStrFromFile(fileName, str);
	}

    len = clen;
	putchar('\n');
    
    //keyexpansion(S_BOX, keys);
    setKey(S_BOX, keys);
    
    printf("解密结果为:\n");

	for(l = 0; l < len; l +=16){
    	k = l;
    	for(i = 0;i <=3; i ++){
    		for(j = 0; j <=3; j ++){
    			B[j][i] = getIntFromChar(str[k]);
    			k ++;
			}
		}

		for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
            	B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j + wordLength - 4];
		
		for(level = 1; level <= beforeTimes; level ++){

        	invshiftrow(B);
        	invbytesub(N_S_BOX, B);

        	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	    for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
        	        B[i][j] ^= keys[i][wordLength - 4 - level * 4 + j];

        	invmixcolum(B);
    	}

    	invshiftrow(B);
    	invbytesub(N_S_BOX, B);
    	
    	if(forming == 1){
    		for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        		for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
        		      B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j];
        		    cArray[i][j] = (int)B[i][j];		           	
				}
	
			convertArrayToStr(cArray, result+l);
		}
		
		else if(forming == 2 || forming ==3){
			for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        		for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
        		      B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j];	           	
				}
	
			convertArrayToStr16(chArray, B, l);
		}			
	}
	
	if(forming == 1){
		padLength = (int)result[len-1];
		result[len-padLength]='\0';
			
		printf("%s",result);
		putchar('\n');
	}
	
	else if(forming == 2){
		padLength = (int)chArray[len-1];
		len -= padLength;
		
		for(i = 0; i < len; i ++){
			printf("%x ",chArray[i]);
		}
		putchar('\n');
	}
	
	else if(forming == 3){
		padLength = (int)chArray[len-1];
		len -= padLength;

		printf("请输入你想要存放的二进制文件名，比如'test.dat':\n");
		scanf("%s", fileName);
			
		ofstream file(fileName, ios::out | ios::binary);
		for(i = 0; i < len; i ++){
			file.write((char*)&chArray[i], sizeof(unsigned char));
		}
		printf("已经将密文写进%s中了,可以在运行该程序的当前目录中找到它。\n", fileName);
	}

    return 0;
}

int decrypt_cbc(unsigned char S_BOX[][16], unsigned char N_S_BOX[][16]){
 
    unsigned char B[4][4], iv[4][4], bef[4][4];
    unsigned char keys[4][60];
    int temp, clen, i, j;
    int level;
    
    char str[MAXLEN];
    char result[MAXLEN];
    int cArray[4][4];
    unsigned char chArray[MAXLEN];
    int len, l, k, padLength;
    
    char fileName[64];
    printf("请输入要解密的文件名，该文件必须和本程序在同一个目录\n");
    if (scanf("%s", fileName) == 1){
    	clen = readStrFromFile(fileName, str);
	}

    len = clen;
	putchar('\n');
    
    //keyexpansion(S_BOX, keys);
    setKey(S_BOX, keys);
    
    printf("解密结果为:\n");

	for(l = 0; l < len; l +=16){
    	k = l;
    	for(i = 0;i <=3; i ++){
    		for(j = 0; j <=3; j ++){
    			B[j][i] = getIntFromChar(str[k]);
    			bef[j][i] = B[j][i];
    			k ++;
			}
		}

		if(l == 0){
			for(i = 0; i < 4; i ++){
				for(j = 0; j < 4; j ++){
					iv[i][j] = 0;
				}
			}
		}

		for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
            	B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j + wordLength - 4];
		
		for(level = 1; level <= beforeTimes; level ++){

        	invshiftrow(B);
        	invbytesub(N_S_BOX, B);

        	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	    for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++)
        	        B[i][j] ^= keys[i][wordLength - 4 - level * 4 + j];

        	invmixcolum(B);
    	}

    	invshiftrow(B);
    	invbytesub(N_S_BOX, B);
    	
    	for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++)
        	for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
        	      B[i][j] ^= keys[i][j];			           	
			}
		
		xorWithiv(iv, B);

		if(forming == 1){
			for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++){
				for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
					iv[i][j] = bef[i][j];
					cArray[i][j] = (int)B[i][j]; 
				}
			}
			
			convertArrayToStr(cArray, result+l);
		}
		
		else if(forming == 2 || forming == 3){
			for(i = 0; i <= 3; i ++){
				for(j = 0; j <= 3; j ++){
					iv[i][j] = bef[i][j];
				}
			}
			
			convertArrayToStr16(chArray, B, l);
		}					
	}
	
	if(forming == 1){
		padLength = (int)result[len-1];
		result[len-padLength]='\0';
			
		printf("%s",result);
		putchar('\n');
	}
	
	else if(forming == 2){
		padLength = (int)chArray[len-1];
		len -= padLength;
		
		for(i = 0; i < len; i ++){
			printf("%x ",chArray[i]);
		}
		putchar('\n');
	}
	
	else if(forming == 3){
		padLength = (int)chArray[len-1];
		len -= padLength;

		printf("请输入你想要存放的二进制文件名，比如'test.dat':\n");
		scanf("%s", fileName);
			
		ofstream file(fileName, ios::out | ios::binary);
		for(i = 0; i < len; i ++){
			file.write((char*)&chArray[i], sizeof(unsigned char));
		}
		printf("已经将密文写进%s中了,可以在运行该程序的当前目录中找到它。\n", fileName);
	}

    return 0;

}

int main()
{

    unsigned char S_BOX[16][16] =
    {
        0x63, 0x7C, 0x77, 0x7B, 0xF2, 0x6B, 0x6F, 0xC5,
        0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2B, 0xFE, 0xD7, 0xAB, 0x76,
        0xCA, 0x82, 0xC9, 0x7D, 0xFA, 0x59, 0x47, 0xF0,
        0xAD, 0xD4, 0xA2, 0xAF, 0x9C, 0xA4, 0x72, 0xC0,
        0xB7, 0xFD, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3F, 0xF7, 0xCC,
        0x34, 0xA5, 0xE5, 0xF1, 0x71, 0xD8, 0x31, 0x15,
        0x04, 0xC7, 0x23, 0xC3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9A,
        0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xE2, 0xEB, 0x27, 0xB2, 0x75,
        0x09, 0x83, 0x2C, 0x1A, 0x1B, 0x6E, 0x5A, 0xA0,
        0x52, 0x3B, 0xD6, 0xB3, 0x29, 0xE3, 0x2F, 0x84,
        0x53, 0xD1, 0x00, 0xED, 0x20, 0xFC, 0xB1, 0x5B,
        0x6A, 0xCB, 0xBE, 0x39, 0x4A, 0x4C, 0x58, 0xCF,
        0xD0, 0xEF, 0xAA, 0xFB, 0x43, 0x4D, 0x33, 0x85,
        0x45, 0xF9, 0x02, 0x7F, 0x50, 0x3C, 0x9F, 0xA8,
        0x51, 0xA3, 0x40, 0x8F, 0x92, 0x9D, 0x38, 0xF5,
        0xBC, 0xB6, 0xDA, 0x21, 0x10, 0xFF, 0xF3, 0xD2,
        0xCD, 0x0C, 0x13, 0xEC, 0x5F, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17,
        0xC4, 0xA7, 0x7E, 0x3D, 0x64, 0x5D, 0x19, 0x73,
        0x60, 0x81, 0x4F, 0xDC, 0x22, 0x2A, 0x90, 0x88,
        0x46, 0xEE, 0xB8, 0x14, 0xDE, 0x5E, 0x0B, 0xDB,
        0xE0, 0x32, 0x3A, 0x0A, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5C,
        0xC2, 0xD3, 0xAC, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xE4, 0x79,
        0xE7, 0xC8, 0x37, 0x6D, 0x8D, 0xD5, 0x4E, 0xA9,
        0x6C, 0x56, 0xF4, 0xEA, 0x65, 0x7A, 0xAE, 0x08,
        0xBA, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2E, 0x1C, 0xA6, 0xB4, 0xC6,
        0xE8, 0xDD, 0x74, 0x1F, 0x4B, 0xBD, 0x8B, 0x8A,
        0x70, 0x3E, 0xB5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xF6, 0x0E,
        0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xB9, 0x86, 0xC1, 0x1D, 0x9E,
        0xE1, 0xF8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xD9, 0x8E, 0x94,
        0x9B, 0x1E, 0x87, 0xE9, 0xCE, 0x55, 0x28, 0xDF,
        0x8C, 0xA1, 0x89, 0x0D, 0xBF, 0xE6, 0x42, 0x68, 
        0x41, 0x99, 0x2D, 0x0F, 0xB0, 0x54, 0xBB, 0x16
    };

    unsigned char N_S_BOX[16][16] =
    {
        0x52, 0x09, 0x6A, 0xD5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xA5, 0x38,
        0xBF, 0x40, 0xA3, 0x9E, 0x81, 0xF3, 0xD7, 0xFB,
        0x7C, 0xE3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9B, 0x2F, 0xFF, 0x87,
        0x34, 0x8E, 0x43, 0x44, 0xC4, 0xDE, 0xE9, 0xCB,
        0x54, 0x7B, 0x94, 0x32, 0xA6, 0xC2, 0x23, 0x3D,
        0xEE, 0x4C, 0x95, 0x0B, 0x42, 0xFA, 0xC3, 0x4E,
        0x08, 0x2E, 0xA1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xD9, 0x24, 0xB2,
        0x76, 0x5B, 0xA2, 0x49, 0x6D, 0x8B, 0xD1, 0x25,
        0x72, 0xF8, 0xF6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16,
        0xD4, 0xA4, 0x5C, 0xCC, 0x5D, 0x65, 0xB6, 0x92,
        0x6C, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xFD, 0xED, 0xB9, 0xDA,
        0x5E, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xA7, 0x8D, 0x9D, 0x84,
        0x90, 0xD8, 0xAB, 0x00, 0x8C, 0xBC, 0xD3, 0x0A,
        0xF7, 0xE4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xB8, 0xB3, 0x45, 0x06,
        0xD0, 0x2C, 0x1E, 0x8F, 0xCA, 0x3F, 0x0F, 0x02,
        0xC1, 0xAF, 0xBD, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8A, 0x6B,
        0x3A, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4F, 0x67, 0xDC, 0xEA,
        0x97, 0xF2, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0xF0, 0xB4, 0xE6, 0x73,
        0x96, 0xAC, 0x74, 0x22, 0xE7, 0xAD, 0x35, 0x85,
        0xE2, 0xF9, 0x37, 0xE8, 0x1C, 0x75, 0xDF, 0x6E,
        0x47, 0xF1, 0x1A, 0x71, 0x1D, 0x29, 0xC5, 0x89,
        0x6F, 0xB7, 0x62, 0x0E, 0xAA, 0x18, 0xBE, 0x1B,
        0xFC, 0x56, 0x3E, 0x4B, 0xC6, 0xD2, 0x79, 0x20,
        0x9A, 0xDB, 0xC0, 0xFE, 0x78, 0xCD, 0x5A, 0xF4,
        0x1F, 0xDD, 0xA8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xC7, 0x31,
        0xB1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xEC, 0x5F,
        0x60, 0x51, 0x7F, 0xA9, 0x19, 0xB5, 0x4A, 0x0D,
        0x2D, 0xE5, 0x7A, 0x9F, 0x93, 0xC9, 0x9C, 0xEF,
        0xA0, 0xE0, 0x3B, 0x4D, 0xAE, 0x2A, 0xF5, 0xB0,
        0xC8, 0xEB, 0xBB, 0x3C, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61,
        0x17, 0x2B, 0x04, 0x7E, 0xBA, 0x77, 0xD6, 0x26,
        0xE1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0C, 0x7D
    };

    int choose;

    printf("AES加解密的C++实现:\n");//打印标题

loop:

    printf("\n加密请输入: 1\n");
    printf("解密请输入: 2\n");
    printf("退出请输入: 0 \n\n");
    printf("请输入选择:");
    
    scanf("%d", &choose);
    printf("\n");

    switch(choose){

    case 1:
    	printf("请选择加密方式：\n");
    	printf("1:AES_128_ECB,2:AES_192_ECB,3:AES_256_ECB,4:AES_128_CBC,5:AES_192_CBC,6:AES_256_CBC \n\n");
    	printf("请输入选择:");
    	
    	scanf("%d", &mode);
    	printf("\n");
    	
    	printf("请输入明文类型：\n");
    	printf("字符串加密请输入：1\n");
    	printf("十六进制数加密请输入：2\n");
    	printf("二进制数加密请输入：3\n\n");
    	printf("请输入选择:");
    	
    	scanf("%d", &forming);
    	printf("\n");
    	
    	if(mode == 1 || mode == 2 || mode == 3){
    		encrypt_ecb(S_BOX);
		}
		
		if(mode == 4 || mode == 5 || mode == 6){
    		encrypt_cbc(S_BOX);
		}
    	
//        encrypt(S_BOX);
        goto loop;

    case 2:
    	printf("请选择解密方式：\n");
    	printf("1:AES_128_ECB,2:AES_192_ECB,3:AES_256_ECB,4:AES_128_CBC,5:AES_192_CBC,6:AES_256_CBC \n\n");
    	printf("请输入选择:");
    	
    	scanf("%d", &mode);
    	printf("\n");
    	
    	printf("请选择解密结果类型：\n");
    	printf("解密结果为字符串请输入：1\n");
    	printf("解密结果为十六进制数请输入：2\n");
    	printf("解密结果为二进制数请输入：3\n\n");
    	printf("请输入选择:");
    	
    	scanf("%d", &forming);
    	printf("\n");
    	
    	if(mode == 1 || mode == 2 || mode == 3){
    		decrypt_ecb(S_BOX, N_S_BOX);
		}
		
		if(mode == 4 || mode == 5 || mode == 6){
			decrypt_cbc(S_BOX, N_S_BOX);
		}
    	
//        decrypt(S_BOX, N_S_BOX);
        goto loop;

    case 0:
        exit(0);

    default :
        exit(0);

    }

    return 0;

}


// 一个中文占两个字符位置

拿来做验证的在线加解密网址
https://the-x.cn/cryptography/aes.aspx

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c++实现EVP_aes_256_cbc大文件加密与解密
05-26
EVP_aes_256_cbc是OpenSSL库提供的一种加密算法，可以用于对大文件进行加密和解密。下面是c++实现EVP_aes_256_cbc大文件加密与解密的示例代码： ```c++ #include <openssl/evp.h> #include <iostream> #include <fstream> using namespace std; int aes_encrypt(const char *key, const char *iv, const char *infile, const char *outfile) { EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new(); if (!ctx) { cerr << "Error: EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new() failed" << endl; return -1; } // 初始化加密上下文 if (EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_256_cbc(), NULL, (const unsigned char *)key, (const unsigned char *)iv) != 1) { cerr << "Error: EVP_EncryptInit_ex() failed" << endl; EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx); return -1; } // 打开输入文件 ifstream fin(infile, ios::binary); if (!fin.is_open()) { cerr << "Error: Cannot open input file" << endl; EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx); return -1; } // 打开输出文件 ofstream fout(outfile, ios::binary); if (!fout.is_open()) { cerr << "Error: Cannot create output file" << endl; fin.close(); EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx); return -1; } // 读取输入文件并加密 const int BUFSIZE = 1024 * 1024; unsigned char inbuf[BUFSIZE]; unsigned char outbuf[BUFSIZE + EVP_CIPHER_block_size(EVP_aes_256_cbc())]; int inlen, outlen; while (!fin.eof()) { fin.read((char *)inbuf, BUFSIZE); inlen = fin.gcount(); if (EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx, outbuf, &outlen, inbuf, inlen) != 1) { cerr << "Error: EVP_EncryptUpdate() failed" << endl; fin.close(); fout.close(); EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx); return -1; } fout.write((char *)outbuf, outlen); } // 结束加密 if (EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(ctx, outbuf, &outlen) != 1) { cerr << "Error: EVP_EncryptFinal_ex() failed" << endl; fin.close(); fout.close(); EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx); return -1; } fout.write((char *)outbuf, outlen); // 关闭文件和加密上下文 fin.close(); fout.close(); EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx); return 0; } int aes_decrypt(const char *key, const char *iv, const char *infile, const char *outfile) { EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new(); if (!ctx) { cerr << "Error: EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new() failed" << endl; return -1; } // 初始化解密上下文 if (EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_256_cbc(), NULL, (const unsigned char *)key, (const unsigned char *)iv) != 1) { cerr << "Error: EVP_DecryptInit_ex() failed" << endl; EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx); return -1; } // 打开输入文件 ifstream fin(infile, ios::binary); if (!fin.is_open()) { cerr << "Error: Cannot open input file" << endl; EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx); return -1; } // 打开输出文件 ofstream fout(outfile, ios::binary); if (!fout.is_open()) { cerr << "Error: Cannot create output file" << endl; fin.close(); EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx); return -1; } // 读取输入文件并解密 const int BUFSIZE = 1024 * 1024 + EVP_CIPHER_block_size(EVP_aes_256_cbc()); unsigned char inbuf[BUFSIZE]; unsigned char outbuf[BUFSIZE]; int inlen, outlen; while (!fin.eof()) { fin.read((char *)inbuf, BUFSIZE); inlen = fin.gcount(); if (EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx, outbuf, &outlen, inbuf, inlen) != 1) { cerr << "Error: EVP_DecryptUpdate() failed" << endl; fin.close(); fout.close(); EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx); return -1; } fout.write((char *)outbuf, outlen); } // 结束解密 if (EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(ctx, outbuf, &outlen) != 1) { cerr << "Error: EVP_DecryptFinal_ex() failed" << endl; fin.close(); fout.close(); EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx); return -1; } fout.write((char *)outbuf, outlen); // 关闭文件和解密上下文 fin.close(); fout.close(); EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx); return 0; } int main() { const char *key = "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef"; const char *iv = "0123456789abcdef"; const char *infile = "input.txt"; const char *outfile = "output.txt"; // 加密 if (aes_encrypt(key, iv, infile, outfile) != 0) { cerr << "Error: Encryption failed" << endl; return -1; } cout << "Encryption succeeded" << endl; // 解密 if (aes_decrypt(key, iv, outfile, "input_decrypted.txt") != 0) { cerr << "Error: Decryption failed" << endl; return -1; } cout << "Decryption succeeded" << endl; return 0; } ``` 这个示例代码中，我们使用了OpenSSL库提供的EVP_aes_256_cbc加密算法，对给定的输入文件进行加密和解密。在实际使用中，你需要根据自己的需求修改参数，比如加密算法、密钥、向量、输入文件和输出文件等。

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