Centos安装mysql

Centos7安装mysql

1. 选择mysql版本
   https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
2. 下载
   wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
3. 解压
   tar -xvf mysql-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
4. 卸载系统自带的mariadb
   rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
5. 安装依赖库
   yum install -y net-tools perl autoconf
6. 安装mysql

   rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   

7. 拷贝日志中的临时密码
   cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
8. 启动mysql
   service mysqld start
9. 如果密码太短需要先修改mysql配置

   mysql> show variables like "%validate_password%";
   +--------------------------------------+--------+
   | Variable_name                        | Value  |
   +--------------------------------------+--------+
   | validate_password_check_user_name    | OFF    |
   | validate_password_dictionary_file    |        |
   | validate_password_length             | 8      |
   | validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 1      |
   | validate_password_number_count       | 1      |
   | validate_password_policy             | MEDIUM |
   | validate_password_special_char_count | 1      |
   +--------------------------------------+--------+
   mysql> set global validate_password_policy=LOW:
   mysql> set global validate_password_length=4;
   

10. 修改密码允许远程访问

```
update mysql.user set authentication_string=password("root") where user="root";
update mysql.user set host="%" where user="root";
flush privileges;
```
mysql5.7以后：mysql.user表中没有了password字段，而是使用authentication_string来代替。
mysql5.7之前：update mysql.user set password=password("123456") where user="root";（修改root的密码）;

12. 可能出现的问题：
    • mysql server启动失败，查看datadir的所属用户和所属组，如果不是mysql：mysql，修改权限。
      chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
    • 其它问题都可以通过排查日志文件，配置文件，数据文件解决。
      • mysql配置文件位置：/var/lib/mysql
      • mysql日志文件位置：/var/log/mysqld.log
      • mysql数据文件位置：/var/lib/mysql