Python下载data:image/jpeg；base64,

如何下载下面这种图片？

基础知识

img_name = 'data:image/jpeg;base64,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'

这是一种网络图片格式，它是基于base64编码，图片的内容就隐藏在这段字符串中。由格式头与图片内容两部分组成。

1. data:image/jpeg;base64, 就是格式头部分，包含了编码格式信息。
2. /9j/4AAQSkZ...是图片内容区，也就是图片经过base64编码后就是这段内容，这段内容经过Base64解码就是图片的像素数值内容了。

实际操作

import re
import base64
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image

img_base64 = 'data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wCEAAkGBwgHBgkIBwgKCgkLDRYPDQwMDRsUFRAWIB0iIiAdHx8kKDQsJCYxJx8fLT0tMTU3Ojo6Iys/RD84QzQ5OjcBCgoKDQwNGg8PGjclHyU3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3Nzc3N//AABEIAGQAZAMBIgACEQEDEQH/xAAcAAACAwEBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAABAMFBgcCAQj/xAA+EAABAwIDBQUEBgkFAAAAAAABAAIDBBEFEiEUMUFRkQYTImFxMoGSoRVUcoKx0SRCRFJTosHh8BYzNUNi/8QAGQEAAwEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIDAQQF/8QAIREAAgIBBAMBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAECERITFCExA0FRMiL/2gAMAwEAAhEDEQA/AOHao1Wl2Gm/gM6L0MPpj/0M6Kmmy2jIzCNVqm4dTfV2dFK3DaTjTx/CswYaMjIXKNVtG4XRn9mj+FStwmiO+li+FZiGhIwyFvm4PQ/VIvhUzMGw/wCpQn7qV8G7eRzvVC6WzBMNO+hg+FTswLCzvoKf4EuRu2kctQutR4DhN/8Ajqb3sVjTYRhDNHYNhz/t07SszQbeRxRC74zDcADRfs1hJPPuP7oRmhdCZzlsV1M2FTthU8bMq6XI9BQFmQE8FKymJ4JrI0MJu3dcZjYJSk219VZxYWMNngdEmQrpOiUQkGxCnjgc7UN058FPWuNPTsMTO8mebBoBOXzKSdh1fOM88gJ32c7d/QJbsJcdIbZE0uAEkRcdzQ8X/FepbQR5rZn8GjUeqpmAkgAanTRaPB6XM0UwDe/cczpHu0sBu/zmkm6EUnIVopZJ35CwHKLkgWT7WrzWMZRYh3E7WhwZfMNQdd6ZERtfeksrBWgYEzEkp5MmVnEp2nPeNzJWNVuhpu5CA3RCUMDFxxlFVDVFjdky5r+K6sGRNdq3UHdZMMhtwV8yjhaoy1cWZHRPgaJwRmk9o39eXkFFHNPPI1rCQ4C/hNtealx2N8OJOiFnOkOcAHcDzUlFRzVTHx0LRIGf7rwbZv7eSr6s4Wnk0hmLEX08WQETSjdI8aD05+pXkz1dXGQXuku6xjaOmg4JkYE6CLvq+cQx3AsxpedUzR4SacPr4qp5jDDkBYY3h1wPzSNxRTGXsioaIxWL2nvjwItkH5qwjYY9WGx58UuJntOZ0rnZiB4ze54IqamRlO9wsHAaGyi7ZqVHqWrjEsrJiZMwAcDru3ehCs8Kc2ahbYg5BYqt7NUbK+Gr2gXbdoDuObXUH/N6u4qOPDKOfu879MxLvJY+OCnjT/QtLTvFZGJY8pe27c2ml1ay4dLRFgkbla/drcXVJXYvNW1XfOADg2wa3c0DknKbGKqtnp6eZxc1rtLjXQJWMnyWAZpuQmrFfFOy1HLaHHS0+KxPG24+o4eq1GD18OIAhtmvB0Ze5I5rm+Rw4EHyTVJVPhlDtbg7xvC9CXiTXBwePzyTqRoqql2ztDiRktlpoHvsf/LAB8zdWvYKl/QKmVzSA+YNHnYD81SsmMkdZVQSuzSwd28uNy4EgEarS4XHJTYTR0ZBLABNIL63drboR70k3/NFI1naK7tK930qxjah7jEcxYBZrNxHqU9QTumwWpFQ98o0yP7uwDifZvxtv9Cme0VBDVVfewtBvBn8IuXOJAF1Z4lTR0+GlkcFu9GZ+UWAcANfkptqjX2zLiWOOYRSMa/Ow2DhxuLEL26jnrmmnpWAvfYXcbAC+8q5wXBmyVFPib5NA1wEeX9a5F78t6voaOCAufFE1t/aLVNyS6NSvsSwjC4sNomwMOZ18z3/ALzlPUMywSngGE/JVzMdiFQA8ODXtAuNzHa3v8l6nxljqMx75JISHFguGuLR8rkj3JKlfJS6VGVpxZwJ5K1wbxYrT24k/gq4MaxzQOStOz7A7GaQD94/gqy6FXBrGxG275L6rNsIsPCULmphrn56Y+qJJy5yd923TMbKl++kD/uL5HUBu4p2DEQwaleo2/RzpL6e6KikleM1FLHfi25C6Dh2V4jbUMPhYGh1gL2HG34rEw42xttSnY+0QaNGHrZQkmyqr0buhjgiq55iAWZWtHh47/6Ko7ZYxRwxsgjq299pnp2mzi08T5eSp4u0UhALQ0C9hrdR19RT4rGNuhjlI3HKWuH3hrZKo/RcX2bPARG/BaR40Do82p5kpueFjoXWILrEC1uSyNJi8dJTRUjWERxMDWgONwPep/pOCUXzgHk7RI4m0wqqCnjeLWAHAm6XkMDI3NB3ggWC9S1MdtQbeSUknpnfrtv5lNbKC1UYu8ZldoOZCkwyvio8SpqlxJjifdwa4Xt1UE7YXbiLeqQkjIN26+nzW0Yzo47bYbbSGf8Ak/NfVzMyltmNDAG6DNGCTrxQswJacTJtnhLHOM8YtYWzalAqov4rPiVGvi6dRnBmzSNqqYQ5tpZnzWyeXO69ivpwy4qG5r7r6W5rMIWZjLyyNe3FY8jY2VETGg6nONfmmhjFGYmh0sIytJc9sgzO5aErDL6lbG15G4GN0t3fpTMpN9ba+70Xw4zTO1NVHf7Sw6EG7iRufpqGJw7uujuRe7X6Be/9QwOFp5oZBzuLrBoWBuZG8+lsOf7NS2N321FJiNMPZroT98LEIQbuZfDZ/SlOP2qP3PCFjV8QZuJDezt5u6o2dvN3VCEHOGzt5u6o2dvN3VCEAGzt5u6o2dvN3VCEAGzt5u6o2dvN3VCEAGzt5u6o2dvN3VCEAGzt5u6o2dvN3VCEAGzt5u6oQhAH/9k='

img_head, img_body = re.search("^(data:image\/jpeg;base64),(.+)$", img_base64).groups()

img = Image.open(BytesIO(base64.b64decode(img_body))).convert('RGB')

img图片如下：