一.Java的synchronized使用方法总结:
把synchronized当做函数修饰符时,示例代码如下:
public synchronized void method(){
//……
}
这也就是同步方法,那这时synchronied锁定的是哪个对象呢?他锁定的是调用这个同步方法对象,也就是说,当一个对象P1在不同的线程中执行这个同步方法时,它们之间也会形成互斥,达到同步的效果。但是这个对象所属的Class所产生的另一个对象P2却能任意调用这个别加了synchronied关键字的方法。
以上代码等同于如下代码:
public void method(){
synchronized(this){
//……
}
}
this 指的是什么?他指的就是调用这个方法的对象.
二.举例:
1.public class synchro implements Runnable {
static int b = 100;
static synchro ss = new synchro();
static synchro ss1 = new synchro();
public synchronized void m1() throws Exception {
System.out.println("m111");
b--;
Thread.sleep(5000);
System.out.println("Thread=" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " "
+ this + " " + "b=:" + b);
}
public void m2() throws Exception {
System.out.println("m2");
b--;
System.out.println("Thread=" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " "
+ this + " " + b);
}
public void run() {
try {
m1();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
Thread tt = new Thread(ss);
Thread tt1 = new Thread(ss);
tt.start();
tt1.start();
ss.m2();
ss.m1();
}
}
// 相同对象中各线程之间同步(synchronized)方法与非同步方法之间不互斥。
// 一种执行结果:
m111
m2
Thread=main synchro@4a5ab2 98
Thread=Thread-0 synchro@4a5ab2 b=:98
m111
Thread=main synchro@4a5ab2 b=:97
m111
Thread=Thread-1 synchro@4a5ab2 b=:96
2.
public class CopyOfsynchro implements Runnable {
static int b = 100;
public synchronized void m1() throws Exception {
System.out.println("m1");
b--;
Thread.sleep(5000);
System.out.println("m1" + "Thread=" + Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ " " + this + " " + "b=:" + b);
}
public synchronized void m2() throws Exception {
System.out.println("m2");
b--;
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("m2" + "Thread=" + Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ " " + this + " " + b);
}
public void run() {
try {
m1();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
CopyOfsynchro ss = new CopyOfsynchro();
CopyOfsynchro ss1 = new CopyOfsynchro();
Thread tt = new Thread(ss);// ss,tt与tt1是同一对象的不同线程(ss.m2()显示的是主线程)
Thread tt1 = new Thread(ss);
Thread tt2 = new Thread(ss1);// tt2与tt,tt1是不同对象的不同线程
tt.start();
tt2.start();
ss.m2();
tt1.start();
}
}
// 相同对象中各线程之间互斥,不同对象中各线程之间不互斥
// 一种执行结果:
m1
m1
m1Thread=Thread-0 CopyOfsynchro@6e1408 b=:98
m2
m1Thread=Thread-2 CopyOfsynchro@e53108 b=:98
m2Thread=main CopyOfsynchro@6e1408 97
m1
m1Thread=Thread-1 CopyOfsynchro@6e1408 b=:96