Ubuntu Linux Directory Structure

/bin is a place for most commonly usedterminal commands, likels,mount, rm, etc.
/boot contains files needed to start up the system, including theLinux kernel, a RAM disk image andbootloader configuration files.
/dev contains all device files, which are not regular files but instead refer to various hardware devices on the system, including hard drives.
/etc contains system-global configuration files, which affect the system's behavior for all users.
/home home sweet home, this is the place for users' home directories.
/lib contains very important dynamic libraries and kernel modules
/media is intended as a mount point for external devices, such as hard drives or removable media (floppies, CDs, DVDs).
/mnt is also a place for mount points, but dedicated specifically to "temporarily mounted" devices, such as network filesystems.
/opt can be used to store addition software for your system, which is not handled by thepackage manager.
/proc is a virtual filesystem that provides a mechanism for kernel to send information to processes.
/root is the superuser's home directory, not in /home/ to allow for booting the system even if/home/ is not available.
/sbin contains important administrative commands that should generally only be employed by thesuperuser likefdisk, iwconfig, and mount.
/srv can contain data directories of services such as HTTP (/srv/www/) or FTP. You would use this if you’re running a server, otherwise it will be empty.
/sys is a virtual filesystem that can be accessed to set or obtain information about the kernel's view of the system. For example,/sys/module contains all the kernel modules.
/tmp is a place for temporary files used by applications.
/usr contains the majority of user utilities and applications, and partly replicates the root directory structure, containing for instance, among others,/usr/bin/ and/usr/lib.
/usr/bin     the primary directory of executable commands on the system, such asapt, firefox, and gedit, among numerous others.
/usr/lib   for object files, libraries, and internal binaries used by the applications kept in/usr/bin
/usr/local    for use by the system administrator when installing software locally. This directory has all the same subdirectories as/usr itself, because it is meant to contain the same distribution of application files. When you are manually installing software, you might put it here or you might also decide to put it in/opt/<Program Name>/./usr/sbin     like /usr/bin but for applications meant to be run by the superuser, such as NetworkManager, synaptic, and usermod.
/usr/share    for all read-only application data files. Application data stored here must be static data. Any modifiable files must be placed in/var.
/var is dedicated variable data that potentially changes rapidly; a notable directory it contains is/var/log where system log files are kept.