openpyxl3.0官方文档（13）—— 饼图

饼图¶

饼图将数据绘制为圆的切片，每个切片表示整个圆的百分比。切片按顺时针方向绘制，0°位于圆的顶部。饼图只接受一系列数值，标题将默认为系列的标题。

    from openpyxl import Workbook
    
    from openpyxl.chart import (
        PieChart,
        ProjectedPieChart,
        Reference
    )
    from openpyxl.chart.series import DataPoint
    
    data = [
        ['Pie', 'Sold'],
        ['Apple', 50],
        ['Cherry', 30],
        ['Pumpkin', 10],
        ['Chocolate', 40],
    ]
    
    wb = Workbook()
    ws = wb.active
    
    for row in data:
        ws.append(row)
    
    pie = PieChart()
    labels = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=2, max_row=5)
    data = Reference(ws, min_col=2, min_row=1, max_row=5)
    pie.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
    pie.set_categories(labels)
    pie.title = "Pies sold by category"
    
    # Cut the first slice out of the pie
    slice = DataPoint(idx=0, explosion=20)
    pie.series[0].data_points = [slice]
    
    ws.add_chart(pie, "D1")
    
    
    ws = wb.create_sheet(title="Projection")
    
    data = [
        ['Page', 'Views'],
        ['Search', 95],
        ['Products', 4],
        ['Offers', 0.5],
        ['Sales', 0.5],
    ]
    
    for row in data:
        ws.append(row)
    
    projected_pie = ProjectedPieChart()
    projected_pie.type = "pie"
    projected_pie.splitType = "val" # split by value
    labels = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=2, max_row=5)
    data = Reference(ws, min_col=2, min_row=1, max_row=5)
    projected_pie.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
    projected_pie.set_categories(labels)
    
    ws.add_chart(projected_pie, "A10")
    
    from copy import deepcopy
    projected_bar = deepcopy(projected_pie)
    projected_bar.type = "bar"
    projected_bar.splitType = 'pos' # split by position
    
    ws.add_chart(projected_bar, "A27")
    
    wb.save("pie.xlsx")
    

投影饼图¶

投影饼图从饼图中提取一些切片并投影到第二个饼图或条形图中。当数据系列中有很多较小的项时，这非常有用。图表可以按百分比、值（value）或位置进行拆分。如果未设置任何内容，则应用程序将决定使用哪个。此外，还可以自定义拆分。

三维饼图¶

饼图也可以用三维效果创建。

    from openpyxl import Workbook
    
    from openpyxl.chart import (
        PieChart3D,
        Reference
    )
    
    data = [
        ['Pie', 'Sold'],
        ['Apple', 50],
        ['Cherry', 30],
        ['Pumpkin', 10],
        ['Chocolate', 40],
    ]
    
    wb = Workbook()
    ws = wb.active
    
    for row in data:
        ws.append(row)
    
    pie = PieChart3D()
    labels = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=2, max_row=5)
    data = Reference(ws, min_col=2, min_row=1, max_row=5)
    pie.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
    pie.set_categories(labels)
    pie.title = "Pies sold by category"
    
    
    ws.add_chart(pie, "D1")
    
    wb.save("pie3D.xlsx")
    

渐变饼图¶

也可以使用渐变序列创建饼图。