java web servlet 过滤器filter与过滤器链filterchain的执行过程分析与验证

涉及的类：filterweb.tony.filter.Filter1，filterweb.tony.filter.Filter2。对应的filter名分别为：filter1，filter2。类代码见文章最后

1、在web服务器启动时会加载web.xml中配置的所有filter。验证：

开启tomcat服务器后提示

信息: Deploying web application directory F:\MTony\Workspaces\MyEclipse Professional\.metadata\.me_tcat7\webapps\filterwebFilter1.initFilter2.init

2、filter链的形成：

当请求一个资源时，服务器会查询web.xml中所有对此资源路径进行过滤的filter，并根据在web.xml中的先后顺序形成一个filter链（filterchain）

（1）根据在web.xml中的先后顺序形成一个filter链。验证

	<filter>
		<filter-name>filter2</filter-name>
		<filter-class>filterweb.tony.filter.Filter2</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>filter2</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	<filter>
		<filter-name>filter1</filter-name>
		<filter-class>filterweb.tony.filter.Filter1</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>filter1</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

浏览器中请求http://127.0.0.1:9090//filterweb/index.jsp，服务器发现web.xml中filter1和filter2都会对此路径过滤，按照顺序形成filterchain：filter2----->filter1。控制台输出信息：

Filter2.doFilter.前
Filter1.doFilter.前
Filter1.doFilter.后
Filter2.doFilter.后

将web.xml中filter的顺序反过来

<filter>
	<filter-name>filter1</filter-name>
	<filter-class>filterweb.tony.filter.Filter1</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
	<filter-name>filter1</filter-name>
	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
	<filter-name>filter2</filter-name>
	<filter-class>filterweb.tony.filter.Filter2</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
	<filter-name>filter2</filter-name>
	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

浏览器中请求http://127.0.0.1:9090//filterweb/index.jsp，服务器发现web.xml中filter1和filter2都会对此路径过滤，按照顺序形成filterchain：filter2----->filter1。控制台输出信息：

Filter1.doFilter.前
Filter2.doFilter.前
Filter2.doFilter.后
Filter1.doFilter.后

（2）根据请求的资源路径选择filter。例如现在将filter1的过滤路径设置为/common/*，即common下的所有资源。

<filter>
	<filter-name>filter1</filter-name>
	<filter-class>filterweb.tony.filter.Filter1</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
	<filter-name>filter1</filter-name>
	<url-pattern>/common/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

并在common目录下新建一个common_index.jsp。

浏览器中请求http://127.0.0.1:9090//filterweb/index.jsp，服务器发现web.xml中只有filter2会对此路径过滤。控制台输出信息

Filter2.doFilter.前
Filter2.doFilter.后

浏览器中请求http://127.0.0.1:9090//filterweb/common/common_index.jsp，服务器发现web.xml中filter1和filter2会对此路径过滤。控制台输出信息

Filter2.doFilter.前
Filter1.doFilter.前
Filter1.doFilter.后
Filter2.doFilter.后

（3）执行顺序：【filter1的dofilter()前------>filter1的dofilter()】======>【filter2的dofilter()前------>filter2的dofilter()------>filter2的dofilter()后】======>【filter1的dofilter()后】

可以从（1）的结果中看出来

filterweb.tony.filter.Filter1.java

package filterweb.tony.filter;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class Filter1 implements Filter {

	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
		System.out.println("Filter1.init");
	}
	
	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		System.out.println("Filter1.destroy");
	}

	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp,
			FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		System.out.println("Filter1.doFilter.前");
		chain.doFilter(req, resp);
		System.out.println("Filter1.doFilter.后");
	}
}

filterweb.tony.filter.Filter2.java

package filterweb.tony.filter;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class Filter2 implements Filter {

	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
		System.out.println("Filter2.init");
	}
	
	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		System.out.println("Filter2.destroy");
	}

	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp,
			FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		System.out.println("Filter2.doFilter.前");
		chain.doFilter(req, resp);
		System.out.println("Filter2.doFilter.后");
	}
}

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