Lucene多字段搜索

最近在学习Lucene的过程中遇到了需要多域搜索并排序的问题，在网上找了找，资料不是很多，现在都列出来，又需要的可以自己认真看看，都是从其他网站粘贴过来的，所以比较乱，感谢原创的作者们！
使用MultiFieldQueryParser类即可。

示例代码：

package com.lucene.search;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException; 54com.cn

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.queryParser.MultiFieldQueryParser;
import org.apache.lucene.search.BooleanClause;
import org.apache.lucene.search.Hits;
import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;
import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;

public class Searcher {

feedom.net
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        File indexDir = new File("C:\\target\\index\\book");
        if (!indexDir.exists() || !indexDir.isDirectory()) {
            throw new IOException();
        }
        search(indexDir);
    }

    public static void search(File indexDir) throws Exception {

        Directory fsDir = FSDirectory.getDirectory(indexDir);
        IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(fsDir);

        String[] queries = { "中文版", "8*" };
        String[] fields = { "name", "isbn" };
        BooleanClause.Occur[] clauses = { BooleanClause.Occur.SHOULD, BooleanClause.Occur.SHOULD };
        Query query = MultiFieldQueryParser.parse(queries, fields, clauses, new StandardAnalyzer());

        Hits hits = searcher.search(query);
        System.out.println("共有" + searcher.maxDoc() + "条索引，命中" + hits.length() + "条");
        for (int i = 0; i < hits.length(); i++) {
            int DocId = hits.id(i);
            String DocName = hits.doc(i).get("name");
            String DocIsbn = hits.doc(i).get("isbn");
            String DocPblDt = hits.doc(i).get("pbl_dt");
            System.out.println(DocId + ":" + DocName + " ISBN:" + DocIsbn + " PBLDT:" + DocPblDt);
        }
    }
}

package com.lucene.search;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.queryParser.MultiFieldQueryParser;
import org.apache.lucene.search.BooleanClause;
import org.apache.lucene.search.Hits;
import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;
import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;

public class Searcher {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        File indexDir = new File("C:\\target\\index\\book");
        if (!indexDir.exists() || !indexDir.isDirectory()) {
            throw new IOException();
        }
        search(indexDir);
    }

    public static void search(File indexDir) throws Exception {

        Directory fsDir = FSDirectory.getDirectory(indexDir);
        IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(fsDir);

   String[] queries = { "中文版", "8*" };
   String[] fields = { "name", "isbn" };
   BooleanClause.Occur[] clauses = { BooleanClause.Occur.SHOULD, BooleanClause.Occur.SHOULD };
        Query query = MultiFieldQueryParser.parse(queries, fields, clauses, new StandardAnalyzer());

        Hits hits = searcher.search(query);
        System.out.println("共有" + searcher.maxDoc() + "条索引，命中" + hits.length() + "条");
        for (int i = 0; i < hits.length(); i++) {
            int DocId = hits.id(i);
            String DocName = hits.doc(i).get("name");
            String DocIsbn = hits.doc(i).get("isbn");
            String DocPblDt = hits.doc(i).get("pbl_dt");
            System.out.println(DocId + ":" + DocName + " ISBN:" + DocIsbn + " PBLDT:" + DocPblDt);
        }
    }
}

注意：BooleanClause.Occur[]数组,它表示多个条件之间的关系：

BooleanClause.Occur.MUST表示and, feedom.net

BooleanClause.Occur.MUST_NOT表示not, 54com.cn

BooleanClause.Occur.SHOULD表示or.

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多个关键字直接的关系是或，所以直接使用多域搜索对象查询出来的结果就是这样。
更灵活的控制方式为：

BooleanQuery booleanQuery = new BooleanQuery(); 

QueryParser parser = new QueryParser("title",分词器); 
Query titleQuery = parser .parser("中国人民共和国");
booleanQuery.add(titleQuery,....SHOULD);

QueryParser parser = new QueryParser("content",分词器); 
Query contentQuery = parser .parser("中国人民共和国");
booleanQuery.add(contentQuery ,....SHOULD); 

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package com.lucene.search;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer; 
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document; 
import org.apache.lucene.document.Field;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter;
import org.apache.lucene.queryParser.MultiFieldQueryParser;
import org.apache.lucene.search.BooleanClause;
import org.apache.lucene.search.Hits; import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher; 
import org.apache.lucene.search.MultiSearcher; 
import org.apache.lucene.search.Query; 
public class Multisearcher { 
private static String INDEX_STORE_PATH1 = "C:\\multi\\1"; private static String INDEX_STORE_PATH2 = "C:\\multi\\2"; 
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { 
Multisearcher.multisearcher(); 
} 
public static void multisearcher() throws Exception { 
IndexWriter writer = new IndexWriter(INDEX_STORE_PATH1, new StandardAnalyzer(), true); 
writer.setUseCompoundFile(false); 
Document doc1 = new Document(); 
Field f1 = new Field("bookname", "钢铁是怎样炼成的", Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.TOKENIZED); 
Field f11 = new Field("price", "20.5", Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.UN_TOKENIZED); 
doc1.add(f1); doc1.add(f11); 
Document doc2 = new Document(); 
Field f2 = new Field("bookname", "钢铁战士", Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.TOKENIZED); 
Field f22 = new Field("price", "18.4", Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.UN_TOKENIZED); 
doc2.add(f2); 
doc2.add(f22); 
Document doc3 = new Document(); 
Field f3 = new Field("bookname", "钢和铁是两种不同的元素", Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.TOKENIZED); 
Field f33 = new Field("price", "7.6", Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.UN_TOKENIZED); 
doc3.add(f3); 
doc3.add(f33); 
writer.addDocument(doc1); 
writer.addDocument(doc2); 
writer.addDocument(doc3); 
writer.close(); //创建第二个索引器； 
IndexWriter writer2 = new IndexWriter(INDEX_STORE_PATH2, new StandardAnalyzer(), true); 
writer2.setUseCompoundFile(false); 
Document doc4 = new Document(); 
Field f4 = new Field("bookname", "钢要比铁有更多的元素", Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.TOKENIZED); 
Field f44 = new Field("price", "22.5", Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.UN_TOKENIZED); 
doc4.add(f4); doc4.add(f44); 
Document doc5 = new Document(); 
Field f5 = new Field("bookname", "钢和铁是两种重要的金属", Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.TOKENIZED); 
Field f55 = new Field("price", "15.9", Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.UN_TOKENIZED); 
doc5.add(f5); doc5.add(f55); Document doc6 = new Document(); 
Field f6 = new Field("bookname", "钢铁是两种重要的金属", Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.TOKENIZED); 
Field f66 = new Field("price", "19.00", Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.UN_TOKENIZED); 
doc6.add(f6); 
doc6.add(f66); 
writer2.addDocument(doc4); 
writer2.addDocument(doc5); 
writer2.addDocument(doc6); 
writer2.close(); 
String query1 = "钢"; 
String query2 = "[10 TO 20]";//注意格式：中括号还有关键字TO是大写的 
String[] queries = { query1, query2 }; //指定两个域
Field String field1 = "bookname"; 
String field2 = "price"; 
String[] fields = { field1, field2 }; //指定查询字句之间的关系 
BooleanClause.Occur[] clauses = { 
BooleanClause.Occur.MUST, BooleanClause.Occur.MUST 
}; //转成多域查询
MultiFieldQuery Query q = MultiFieldQueryParser.parse(queries, fields, clauses, new StandardAnalyzer()); //打印Query的内容 System.out.println(q.toString()); //创建两个IndexSearcher，以实现在多个索引目录进行查询 
IndexSearcher searcher1 = new IndexSearcher(INDEX_STORE_PATH1); 
IndexSearcher searcher2 = new IndexSearcher(INDEX_STORE_PATH2); 
IndexSearcher[] searchers = { searcher1, searcher2 }; //使用MultiSearcher进行多域搜索 
MultiSearcher searcher = new MultiSearcher(searchers); 
Hits hits = searcher.search(q); 
for (int i = 0; i < hits.length(); i++) { 
System.out.println(hits.doc(i)); 
} 
}
}

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默认情况下,IndexSearcher类的search方法返回查询结果时,是按文档的分值排序的,可以使用重载的search方法对结果排序

IndexSearcher.search(Query,Sort);

new Sort() 和 Sort.RELEVANCE,以及null一样,采用默认排序,要定义排序字段,方法是将字段传入Sort对象

Sort sort = new Sort(String field);

也可以对多个字段排序

Sort sort = new Sort(String[] fields);

例:

Sort sort = new Sort(new SortField[]{new SortField(“title”),new SortField(“name”)});

Hits hits=searcher.search(query,Sort);

多字段查找MultiFieldQueryParser

只在某些Term中查找,不关心在哪个字段

Query query = new MultiFieldQueryParser.parse(“word”,new String[]{“title”,”content”},analyzer);

//在title和content中找word

多字段时默认是OR关系,要改变它,使用以下方法:

Query query = MultiFieldQueryParser.parse(“word”,new String[]{“title”,”content”},new int[]{MultiFieldQueryParser.REQUIRED_FIELD,MultiFieldQueryParser.PROHIBITED_FIELD},analyzer);

其中:

REQUIRED_FIELD 表示该条件必须有

PROHIBITED_FIELD 表示必须不含

搜索多个索引文件MultiSearcher

1) 建立多个索引:使用不同的索引目录,实例化不同的IndexWriter

2) 建立多索引搜索器:

Searcher[] searchers = new SEARCHER[2];

Searchers[0] = new IndexSearcher(dir1); //搜索索引目录一

Searchers[1]= new IndexSearcher(dir2);//搜索索引目录二

Searcher searcher = new MultiSearcher(serarchers);

3) 开始查询:Hits hits = searcher.search(query);
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BooleanQuery typeNegativeSearch = new BooleanQuery();
QueryParser parser = new QueryParser("contents", new Analyzer());
                parser.setDefaultOperator(QueryParser.AND_OPERATOR);
                query = parser.parse(queryString);
                QueryParser parser2 = new QueryParser("adISELL", new Analyzer());  


                query2 = parser2.parse("\"2\"");   
QueryParser parser3 = new QueryParser("adISELL", new Analyzer());               
                query3 = parser3.parse("\"2\"");              
QueryParser parser4 = new QueryParser("adISELL", new Analyzer());               
                query4 = parser4.parse("\"2\"");              
QueryParser parser4 = new QueryParser("adISELL", new Analyzer());               
                query4 = parser4.parse("\"2\"");   
。。。。
     QueryParser parser..n = new QueryParser("adISELL", new Analyzer());           


                query..n = parser..n.parse("\"2\"");   

                typeNegativeSearch.add(query,Occur.MUST);
                typeNegativeSearch.add(query2,Occur.MUST);
typeNegativeSearch.add(query3,Occur.MUST);
                typeNegativeSearch.add(query4,Occur.MUST);
.....
typeNegativeSearch.add(query..n,Occur.MUST);

hits = searcher.search(typeNegativeSearch);

1, 几种span的querySpanTermQuery：检索效果完全同TermQuery，但内部会记录一些位置信息

，供SpanQuery的其它API使用，是其它属于SpanQuery的Query的基础。
SpanFirstQuery：查找方式为从Field的内容起始位置开始，在一个固定的宽度内查找所指定的

词条。
SpanNearQuery：功能类似PharaseQuery。SpanNearQuery查找所匹配的不一定是短语，还有可

能是另一个SpanQuery的查询结果作为整体考虑，进行嵌套查询。
SpanOrQuery：把所有SpanQuery查询结果综合起来，作为检索结果。
SpanNotQuery：从第一个SpanQuery查询结果中，去掉第二个SpanQuery查询结果，作为检索结

果。

2, 多条件索引关系

BooleanClause用于表示布尔查询子句关系的类，包括：BooleanClause.Occur.MUST，

BooleanClause.Occur.MUST_NOT，BooleanClause.Occur.SHOULD。有以下6种组合：
1．MUST和MUST：取得连个查询子句的交集。
2．MUST和MUST_NOT：表示查询结果中不能包含MUST_NOT所对应得查询子句的检索结果。
3．MUST_NOT和MUST_NOT：无意义，检索无结果。
4．SHOULD与MUST、SHOULD与MUST_NOT：SHOULD与MUST连用时，无意义，结果为MUST子句的检索

结果。与MUST_NOT连用时，功能同MUST。
5．SHOULD与SHOULD：表示“或”关系，最终检索结果为所有检索子句的并集。