迅雷笔试题:
编写一个程序,开启 3个线程,这 3个线程的 ID分别为 A、 B、 C,每个线程将自己的 ID在屏幕上打印 10遍,要求输出结果必须按 ABC的顺序显示;如: ABCABC….依次递推。
解决思路:每个线程运行时先检查他依赖的线程是否已完成工作,线程B依赖线程A的完成,线程C依赖线程B和线程A的完成,线程A依赖线程C的完成。如果当前线程依赖的线程没有执行完,则阻塞当前线程直到条件满足再执行。
Condition.await()会使当前线程暂时阻塞,并释放ReentrantLock锁.
Condition .signalAll()会通知激活 Condition.await()而阻塞的线程,这时被激活的线程就会继续检查(通过while循环))是否满足条件,如果满足而且再次获得ReentrantLock锁就能继续运行,否则继续等待。
1 import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
2 import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
3
4 public class ThreadDemo implements Runnable {
5
6 private ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
7 private Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
8 //标记线程A的状态,true为刚执行完。为什么要两个变量?因为只使用一个变量,当线程A执行完后,a为true,B线程就会不停执行
9 //所以线程B执行要执行必须满足a==true&&a2==true
10 private volatile Boolean a = false, a2 = false;
11 //标记线程B的状态,true为刚执行完。
12 private volatile Boolean b = false;
13 //标记线程C的状态,true为刚执行完。
14 private volatile Boolean c = true;
15
16 @Override
17 public void run() {
18 String name = Thread.currentThread().getName();
19 lock.lock();
20 //进入临界区
21 try {
22 for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
23 if (name.equals("B")) {
24 //只有a和a2同时为true时才打印B,否则阻塞当前线程
25 while (!a || !a2) {
26 condition.await();//条件不满足,暂时阻塞线程,暂时释放lock
27 }
28 b = true;
29 a2 = false;
30 } else if (name.equals("C")) {
31 while (!a || !b) {
32 condition.await();
33 }
34 c = true;
35 b = false;
36 } else if (name.equals("A")) {
37 while (!c) {
38 condition.await();
39 }
40 a = true;
41 a2 = true;
42 b = false;
43 c = false;
44 }
45 System.out.print(name);
46 condition.signalAll();//通知正在等待的线程,此时有可能已经满足条件
47 }
48 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
49 e.printStackTrace();
50 } finally {
51 lock.unlock();// 记得要释放锁
52 }
53 }
54
55 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
56 ThreadDemo task = new ThreadDemo();
57 Thread thread1 = new Thread(task);
58 Thread thread2 = new Thread(task);
59 Thread thread3 = new Thread(task);
60 thread1.setName("A");
61 thread2.setName("B");
62 thread3.setName("C");
63 thread1.start();
64 thread2.start();
65 thread3.start();
66 }
67
68 }