本节的主要内容有:
1
.了解Canal原理
2
.如何实时更新索引
|
实时索引的主要原理:使用Canal发现Mysql的库表数据变化,通过读取变化内容锁定影响到的索引,并更新索引信息。
一、Canal (项目地址:https://github.com/alibaba/canal)
1.项目定位:
1.基于数据库增量日志解析,提供增量数据订阅&消费,目前主要支持了mysql
2.工作原理:
1.canal模拟mysql slave的交互协议,伪装自己为mysql slave,向mysql master发送dump协议
2.mysql master收到dump请求,开始推送binary log给slave(也就是canal)
3.anal解析binary log对象(原始为byte流)
3. mysql配置
/etc/my.cnf 配置
canal的原理是基于mysql binlog技术,所以这里一定需要开启mysql的binlog写入功能,建议配置binlog模式为row.
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin #添加这一行就ok
binlog-format=ROW #选择row模式
server_id=
1
#配置mysql replaction需要定义,不能和canal的slaveId重复
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为数据库创建canal使用的账号
canal的原理是模拟自己为mysql slave,所以这里一定需要做为mysql slave的相关权限. (创建一个账号,密码都是canal的用户,并赋予相关权限)
CREATE USER canal IDENTIFIED BY
'canal'
;
GRANT SELECT, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO
'canal'
@
'%'
;
#GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO
'canal'
@
'%'
;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
|
配置Canal ${CANAL_HOME}/conf/canal.properties
#找到canal.destinations配置项,这里的配置是指定canal将要模拟库的文件配置目录,默认是example,我们把它改成goods
canal.destinations = goods
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在${CANAL_HOME}/conf/下,复制一份example,改名为goods,
cp -r example/ goods/
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配置 ${CANAL_HOME}/conf/goods/instance.properties 在里面配置canal账号,修改slaveId,不要和example李的slaveId相同
#################################################
## mysql serverId
canal.instance.mysql.slaveId =
25
# position info
canal.instance.master.address =
127.0
.
0.1
:
3306
canal.instance.master.journal.name =
canal.instance.master.position =
canal.instance.master.timestamp =
#canal.instance.standby.address =
#canal.instance.standby.journal.name =
#canal.instance.standby.position =
#canal.instance.standby.timestamp =
# User
canal.instance.dbUsername = canal
canal.instance.dbPassword = canal
canal.instance.defaultDatabaseName = test
canal.instance.connectionCharset = UTF-
8
# table regex:这里我们只监控goods表的变化
canal.instance.filter.regex = goods
# table black regex
canal.instance.filter.black.regex =
#################################################
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4.配置完毕之后,启动canal ${CANAL_HOME/bin/startup.sh} ,出现如下日志,启动成功
2015
-
06
-
02
10
:
56
:
53.996
[main] INFO c.a.o.c.i.spring.support.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer - Loading properties file from
class
path resource [canal.properties]
2015
-
06
-
02
10
:
56
:
54.003
[main] INFO c.a.o.c.i.spring.support.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer - Loading properties file from
class
path resource [goods/instance.properties]
2015
-
06
-
02
10
:
56
:
54.115
[main] WARN org.springframework.beans.TypeConverterDelegate - PropertyEditor [com.sun.beans.editors.EnumEditor] found through deprecated global PropertyEditorManager fallback - consider using a more isolated form of registration, e.g. on the BeanWrapper/BeanFactory!
2015
-
06
-
02
10
:
56
:
54.254
[main] INFO c.a.otter.canal.instance.spring.CanalInstanceWithSpring - start CannalInstance
for
1
-goods
2015
-
06
-
02
10
:
56
:
54.414
[main] INFO c.a.otter.canal.instance.spring.CanalInstanceWithSpring - start successful....
2015
-
06
-
02
10
:
56
:
54.414
[destination = goods , address = /
127.0
.
0.1
:
3306
, EventParser] WARN c.a.otter.canal.parse.inbound.mysql.MysqlEventParser - prepare to find start position just show master status
|
Note:如果出现以下错误:我把mysql从5.1 换成5.6 就好了。
java.io.IOException: Received error packet: errno =
1236
, sqlstate = HY000 errmsg = Could not find first log file name in binary log index file
at com.alibaba.otter.canal.parse.inbound.mysql.dbsync.DirectLogFetcher.fetch(DirectLogFetcher.java:
95
) ~[canal.parse-
1.0
.
19
.jar:na]
at com.alibaba.otter.canal.parse.inbound.mysql.MysqlConnection.dump(MysqlConnection.java:
116
) ~[canal.parse-
1.0
.
19
.jar:na]
at com.alibaba.otter.canal.parse.inbound.AbstractEventParser$
3
.run(AbstractEventParser.java:
209
) ~[canal.parse-
1.0
.
19
.jar:na]
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:
744
) [na:
1.7
.0_51]
|
二、使用Canal客户端,获取goods表的数据变化
代码在 git@github.com:mcj2761358/marry.git
执行以下接口,开启实时索引:http://localhost:8080/marry/goods/realIndex
此时,你去数据库直接修改一个字段,然后看一下最新的索引,看一下是否变化!有任何问题可联系:chongjian.min@tqmall.com
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