Ubuntu手动安装Flash Player

测试环境：Ubuntu 12.04 LTS / 13.04 / 13.10

为避免 Firefox 自动安装 Flash Player 陷入无限安装（软件更新错误）的境地，推荐使用手动安装，其方法也较为简单。

1. 从 Adobe 官网下载 Flash Player （推荐 tar.gz 格式）

2. 解压缩可以得到一个说明文档、一个链接库文件和一个文件夹，其中说明文档已附带如下安装说明：

Installing using the plugin tar.gz:
o Unpack the plugin tar.gz and copy the files to the appropriate location.  
o Save the plugin tar.gz locally and note the location the file was saved to.
o Launch terminal and change directories to the location the file was saved to.
o Unpack the tar.gz file.  

Once unpacked you will see the following:
+ libflashplayer.so
+ /usr
o Identify the location of the browser plugins directory, based on your Linux distribution and Firefox version
o Copy libflashplayer.so to the appropriate browser plugins directory.  
At the prompt type:
+ cp libflashlayer.so <BrowserPluginsLocation>
o Copy the Flash Player Local Settings configurations files to the /usr directory.  
At the prompt type:
+ sudo cp -r usr/* /usr

3. 注意到复制链接库文件时需要指定 Firefox 的插件目录，即 /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins 。故实际操作可化为在终端中输入以下命令：

$ sudo cp libflashplayer.so /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/
$ sudo cp -r ./usr/* /usr/

4. 执行完以上操作重启 Firefox 即可完成安装。