mysql内存表弊端

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内存表的也不是提高读性能的万能工具，在有些情况下，可能会比其实表类型的B-TREE更慢 CREATE TABLE `mem_test` (                                                                         `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',                                                      `name` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,                                                                `first` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,                                                                PRIMARY KEY (`id`),                                                                              KEY `NewIndex1` (`name`,`first`)                                                              ) ENGINE=MEMORY ; CREATE TABLE `innodb_test` (                                  `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',                `name` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,                            `first` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,                            PRIMARY KEY (`id`),                                          KEY `NewIndex1` (`name`,`first`)                          ) ENGINE=InnoDB; 如： 1：在= 或者<=> 情况下，飞快，但是在如< 或>情况下，他是不使用索引 mysql--root@localhost:17db 07:33:45>>explain select * from mem_test where id>3; +----+-------------+----------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table    | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra       | +----+-------------+----------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE      | mem_test | ALL | PRIMARY       | NULL | NULL    | NULL |   15 | Using where | +----+-------------+----------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql--root@localhost:17db 07:33:49>>explain select * from innodb_test where id>3; +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table       | type | possible_keys | key     | key_len | ref | rows | Extra       | +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE      | innodb_test | range | PRIMARY       | PRIMARY | 4       | NULL |    7 | Using where | +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 2：不能用在order by情况下来提高速度 mysql--root@localhost:17db 07:33:55>>explain select * from innodb_test order by id; +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------+ | id | select_type | table       | type | possible_keys | key     | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------+ | 1 | SIMPLE      | innodb_test | index | NULL          | PRIMARY | 4       | NULL |   15 |       | +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql--root@localhost:17db 07:34:27>>explain select * from mem_test order by id; +----+-------------+----------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------+ | id | select_type | table    | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra          | +----+-------------+----------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE      | mem_test | ALL | NULL          | NULL | NULL    | NULL |   15 | Using filesort | +----+-------------+----------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 3：不能确定俩值之间有多少行 mysql--root@localhost:17db 07:37:14>>explain select count(1) from mem_test where id>3 and id<6; +----+-------------+----------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table    | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra       | +----+-------------+----------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE      | mem_test | ALL | PRIMARY       | NULL | NULL    | NULL |   20 | Using where | +----+-------------+----------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql--root@localhost:17db 07:40:35>>explain select count(1) from innodb_test where id>3 and id<6; +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+--------------------------+ | id | select_type | table       | type | possible_keys | key     | key_len | ref | rows | Extra                    | +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+--------------------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE      | innodb_test | range | PRIMARY       | PRIMARY | 4       | NULL |    1 | Using where; Using index | +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+--------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 4：在多列索引的情况下，只有全部指定才能利用hash扫描，而B-tree确可以利用索引的最左端来查找 mysql--root@localhost:17db 07:37:07>>explain select * from innodb_test where name='b'; +----+-------------+-------------+------+---------------+-----------+---------+-------+------+--------------------------+ | id | select_type | table       | type | possible_keys | key       | key_len | ref   | rows | Extra                    | +----+-------------+-------------+------+---------------+-----------+---------+-------+------+--------------------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE      | innodb_test | ref | NewIndex1     | NewIndex1 | 33      | const |    8 | Using where; Using index | +----+-------------+-------------+------+---------------+-----------+---------+-------+------+--------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql--root@localhost:17db 07:37:10>>explain select * from mem_test where name='b'; +----+-------------+----------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table    | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra       | +----+-------------+----------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE      | mem_test | ALL | NewIndex1     | NULL | NULL    | NULL |   20 | Using where | +----+-------------+----------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+ 当然内存表也可以手动添加btree CREATE INDEX BTREE_index USING BTREE on mem_test(name,first) mysql--root@localhost:17db 03:36:41>>explain select * from mem_test where name='b'; +----+-------------+----------+------+-----------------------+-------------+---------+-------+------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table    | type | possible_keys         | key         | key_len | ref   | rows | Extra       | +----+-------------+----------+------+-----------------------+-------------+---------+-------+------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE      | mem_test | ref | NewIndex1,BTREE_index | BTREE_index | 33      | const |    9 | Using where | +----+-------------+----------+------+-----------------------+-------------+---------+-------+------+-------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 哈哈，它也用到索引了。 所以选择合适的存储引擎至关重要。