Java线程状态深入JVM理解

一、java中的thread状态

java中调用VM.toThreadState()计算线程状态

VM.class

public static State toThreadState(int var0) {
        if ((var0 & 4) != 0) {
            return State.RUNNABLE;
        } else if ((var0 & 1024) != 0) {
            return State.BLOCKED;
        } else if ((var0 & 16) != 0) {
            return State.WAITING;
        } else if ((var0 & 32) != 0) {
            return State.TIMED_WAITING;
        } else if ((var0 & 2) != 0) {
            return State.TERMINATED;
        } else {
            return (var0 & 1) == 0 ? State.NEW : State.RUNNABLE;
        }
    }

二、java中的thread的状态对应的jvm中的状态

jvm中线程状态的定义如下：

/hotspot/src/share/classfile/javaClasses.hpp

// Java Thread Status for JVMTI and M&M use.
  // This thread status info is saved in threadStatus field of
  // java.lang.Thread java class.
  enum ThreadStatus {
    NEW                      = 0,
    RUNNABLE                 = JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_ALIVE +          // runnable / running
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_RUNNABLE,
    SLEEPING                 = JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_ALIVE +          // Thread.sleep()
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_WAITING +
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_WAITING_WITH_TIMEOUT +
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_SLEEPING,
    IN_OBJECT_WAIT           = JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_ALIVE +          // Object.wait()
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_WAITING +
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_WAITING_INDEFINITELY +
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_IN_OBJECT_WAIT,
    IN_OBJECT_WAIT_TIMED     = JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_ALIVE +          // Object.wait(long)
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_WAITING +
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_WAITING_WITH_TIMEOUT +
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_IN_OBJECT_WAIT,
    PARKED                   = JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_ALIVE +          // LockSupport.park()
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_WAITING +
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_WAITING_INDEFINITELY +
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_PARKED,
    PARKED_TIMED             = JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_ALIVE +          // LockSupport.park(long)
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_WAITING +
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_WAITING_WITH_TIMEOUT +
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_PARKED,
    BLOCKED_ON_MONITOR_ENTER = JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_ALIVE +          // (re-)entering a synchronization block
                               JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_BLOCKED_ON_MONITOR_ENTER,
    TERMINATED               = JVMTI_THREAD_STATE_TERMINATED
  };

看完上面代码之后就能理解在VM.class中为什么用位与的方式来计算线程状态。

jvm中设置java线程状态的方法如下：

// Write thread status info to threadStatus field of java.lang.Thread.
  static void set_thread_status(oop java_thread_oop, ThreadStatus status);

三、jvm中c++线程的状态

/hotspot/src/share/vm/utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp

// JavaThreadState keeps track of which part of the code a thread is executing in. This
// information is needed by the safepoint code.
//
// There are 4 essential states:
//
//  _thread_new         : Just started, but not executed init. code yet (most likely still in OS init code)
//  _thread_in_native   : In native code. This is a safepoint region, since all oops will be in jobject handles
//  _thread_in_vm       : Executing in the vm
//  _thread_in_Java     : Executing either interpreted or compiled Java code (or could be in a stub)
//
// Each state has an associated xxxx_trans state, which is an intermediate state used when a thread is in
// a transition from one state to another. These extra states makes it possible for the safepoint code to
// handle certain thread_states without having to suspend the thread - making the safepoint code faster.
//
// Given a state, the xxx_trans state can always be found by adding 1.
//
enum JavaThreadState {
  _thread_uninitialized     =  0, // should never happen (missing initialization)
  _thread_new               =  2, // just starting up, i.e., in process of being initialized
  _thread_new_trans         =  3, // corresponding transition state (not used, included for completness)
  _thread_in_native         =  4, // running in native code
  _thread_in_native_trans   =  5, // corresponding transition state
  _thread_in_vm             =  6, // running in VM
  _thread_in_vm_trans       =  7, // corresponding transition state
  _thread_in_Java           =  8, // running in Java or in stub code
  _thread_in_Java_trans     =  9, // corresponding transition state (not used, included for completness)
  _thread_blocked           = 10, // blocked in vm
  _thread_blocked_trans     = 11, // corresponding transition state
  _thread_max_state         = 12  // maximum thread state+1 - used for statistics allocation
};

从注释来看，“安全点需要这些信息”。

其中主要的状态是这5种:

_thread_new: 新创建的线程

_thread_in_Java: 在运行Java代码

_thread_in_vm: 在运行JVM本身的代码

_thread_in_native: 在运行native代码

_thread_blocked: 线程被阻塞了，包括等待一个锁，等待一个条件，sleep，执行一个阻塞的IO等

四、OSThread中线程的状态

/hotspot/src/share/vm/runtime/osThread.hpp

// The OSThread class holds OS-specific thread information.  It is equivalent
// to the sys_thread_t structure of the classic JVM implementation.

// The thread states represented by the ThreadState values are platform-specific
// and are likely to be only approximate, because most OSes don't give you access
// to precise thread state information.

// Note: the ThreadState is legacy code and is not correctly implemented.
// Uses of ThreadState need to be replaced by the state in the JavaThread.

enum ThreadState {
  ALLOCATED,                    // Memory has been allocated but not initialized
  INITIALIZED,                  // The thread has been initialized but yet started
  RUNNABLE,                     // Has been started and is runnable, but not necessarily running
  MONITOR_WAIT,                 // Waiting on a contended monitor lock
  CONDVAR_WAIT,                 // Waiting on a condition variable
  OBJECT_WAIT,                  // Waiting on an Object.wait() call
  BREAKPOINTED,                 // Suspended at breakpoint
  SLEEPING,                     // Thread.sleep()
  ZOMBIE                        // All done, but not reclaimed yet
};

比较常见有:

Runnable: 可以运行或者正在运行的

MONITOR_WAIT: 等待锁

OBJECT_WAIT: 执行了Object.wait()之后在条件队列中等待的

SLEEPING: 执行了Thread.sleep()的

 

参考：聊聊JVM（五）从JVM角度理解线程