判断String是否为空的小技巧

文章摘自：http://sunflowers.iteye.com/blog/698863

作者用底层代码和亲身试验告诉我们，equals的效率相比另外两个慢很多，在大数量级的运算中这个常数时间也是值得斟酌的。

              //比较 方法一，大多数人都这么比较

		String param = config.getInitParameter("log-level");
		if (param != null && !"".equals(param)) {
			final Level level = Log.getLevel(param);
			if (level != null) Log.lookup("org.zkoss").setLevel(level);
			else log.error("Unknown log-level: "+param);
		}
             //比较 方法二，（而我研究的源码基本都这么比较）
              String param = config.getInitParameter("log-level");
		if (param != null && param.length() > 0) {
			final Level level = Log.getLevel(param);
			if (level != null) Log.lookup("org.zkoss").setLevel(level);
			else log.error("Unknown log-level: "+param);
		}

 // 下面我们看一下equals,length,isEmpty的源码

  //String中equals方法内部代码

  public boolean equals(Object anObject) {
	if (this == anObject) {
	    return true;
	}
	if (anObject instanceof String) {
	    String anotherString = (String)anObject;
	    int n = count;
	    if (n == anotherString.count) {
		char v1[] = value;
		char v2[] = anotherString.value;
		int i = offset;
		int j = anotherString.offset;
		while (n-- != 0) {
		    if (v1[i++] != v2[j++])
			return false;
		}
		return true;
	    }
	}
	return false;
    }

   //String.length()的源码

 /**
     * Returns the length of this string.
     * The length is equal to the number of <a href="Character.html#unicode">Unicode
     * code units</a> in the string.
     *
     * @return  the length of the sequence of characters represented by this
     *          object.
     */
    public int length() {
        return count;
    }

    //String.isEmpty的源码
  /**
     * Returns <tt>true</tt> if, and only if, {@link #length()} is <tt>0</tt>.
     *
     * @return <tt>true</tt> if {@link #length()} is <tt>0</tt>, otherwise
     * <tt>false</tt>
     *
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public boolean isEmpty() {
	return count == 0;
    }



仅从代码多少以及逻辑判断来看，length,isEmpty都非常简单，对于一般比较判断来说，

 

首先我猜测：length,isEmpty是相差无几的，equals方法就望尘莫及了，

 

 

 

下面做一个测试，证明我们的猜测

 

测试代码如下




private static final String sunflower = "sunflower";
	private static final int COUNT= 1000000000;

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			Thread.sleep(2000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		System.out.println("开始计算...\n");

		Long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
		for (int j = 0; j < COUNT; j++) {
			testEmptyByLength(sunflower);
		}
		calculateDuration("length test", begin);

		begin = System.currentTimeMillis();

		for (int j = 0; j < COUNT; j++) {
			testEmptyByEmpty(sunflower);
		}

		calculateDuration("empty test", begin);

		begin = System.currentTimeMillis();

		for (int j = 0; j < COUNT; j++) {
			testEmptyByEquals(sunflower);
		}
		calculateDuration("equals test", begin);
	}

	public static void calculateDuration(String method, long begin) {
		System.out.println(method + "\t:"
				+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - begin) / 1000);
	}

	public static boolean testEmptyByLength(String str) {
		return str == null || str.length() < 1;
	}

	/**
	 * empty方法是jdk1.6添加的方法，如果是早期版本不兼容
	 * 
	 * @param str
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean testEmptyByEmpty(String str) {
		return str == null || str.isEmpty();
	}

	public static boolean testEmptyByEquals(String str) {
		return "".equals(str);
	}



输出结果：

开始计算（s）

length test :0

empty test :0

equlas test :8

 
 


  
  


 
 

 

结论：

 

String.isEmpty()方法是jdk1.6中添加的，其方法体和length()方法一样，从性能和兼容性，length()更好，

 

所以如果对字符串非严格判断是否为空，建议使用String.length>0判断,如果严格判断是否全部为" "字符，就要自己写或者用common lang StringUtils.isBlank了

 

isBlank方法代码补充：
  /**
     * <p>Checks if a String is whitespace, empty ("") or null.</p>
     *
     * <pre>
     * StringUtils.isBlank(null)      = true
     * StringUtils.isBlank("")        = true
     * StringUtils.isBlank(" ")       = true
     * StringUtils.isBlank("bob")     = false
     * StringUtils.isBlank("  bob  ") = false
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param str  the String to check, may be null
     * @return <code>true</code> if the String is null, empty or whitespace
     * @since 2.0
     */
    public static boolean isBlank(String str) {
        int strLen;
        if (str == null || (strLen = str.length()) == 0) {
            return true;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < strLen; i++) {
            if ((Character.isWhitespace(str.charAt(i)) == false)) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }