1、什么是MVC?
MVC全名是Model View Controller,是模型(model)-视图(view)-控制器(controller)的缩写,
它是一种软件设计典范,用一种业务逻辑、数据、界面显示分离的方法组织代码
Model1 jsp+jdbc
Model2 ->MVC
核心思想:各司其职
2.自定义MVC框架工作原理图
主控制动态调用子控制器调用完成具体的业务逻辑
(火车、控制台、车轨)
请求、主控制器、子控制器(两两相对应)
3.MVC结构
V
jsp/ios/android
C
servlet/action
M
实体域模型(名词)
过程域模型(动词)
jsp
<%
%>
web 做浏览器请求分发
service 调用dao处理项目业务的
dao 操作数据库
注1:不能跨层调用
注2:只能出现由上而下的调用
4.利用MVC模式实现加减法功能(案例)
前面我们介绍了一下MVC框架,现在我们用一个加减法的例子来更了解MVC模式的概念
第一步:建实体类(如效果图中,所以实体类为两个字段)
package com.xiaoqing.entity;
public class Cal {
private int num1;
private int num2;
public int getNum1() {
return num1;
}
public void setNum1(int num1) {
this.num1 = num1;
}
public int getNum2() {
return num2;
}
public void setNum2(int num2) {
this.num2 = num2;
}
public Cal() {}
public Cal(int num1, int num2) {
this.num1 = num1;
this.num2 = num2;
}
}
第二步:建中央控制器(DispatcherServlet)
package com.xiaoqing.framework;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.xiaoqing.web.AddCalAction;
import com.xiaoqing.web.DelCalAction;
/**
* 中央控制器
* 作用:接受请求,通过请求寻找处理请求的对应的子控制器
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class DispatcherServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5164557074466792333L;
private Map<String, Action> actionMap=new HashMap<>();
public void init() {
actionMap.put("/addCal", new AddCalAction());
actionMap.put("/delCal", new DelCalAction());
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doPost(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
init();
String url=req.getRequestURI();
// /T243_mvc/addCal.action
// /addCal
url=url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("/"),url.lastIndexOf("."));
Action action=actionMap.get(url);
action.execute(req, resp);
}
}
第三步:配置web.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>T243_mvc</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.xiaoqing.framework.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
第四步:建立子控制器接口(Action,真正能够处理java计算的子控制器)
package com.xiaoqing.framework;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 子控制器(相当于火车轨)
* 作用:用来处理浏览器发送过来的请求
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public interface Action {
String execute(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException;
}
第五步:建立相当于servlet处理业务逻辑类(实现action接口)
package com.xiaoqing.web;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.xiaoqing.entity.Cal;
import com.xiaoqing.framework.Action;
public class AddCalAction implements Action {
@Override
public String execute(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String num1=req.getParameter("num1");
String num2=req.getParameter("num2");
Cal cal=new Cal(Integer.valueOf(num1), Integer.valueOf(num2));
req.setAttribute("res", cal.getNum1()+cal.getNum2());
req.getRequestDispatcher("res.jsp").forward(req, resp);
return null;
}
}
这是加法的逻辑代码,减法的逻辑代码如下
package com.xiaoqing.web;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.xiaoqing.entity.Cal;
import com.xiaoqing.framework.Action;
public class DelCalAction implements Action {
@Override
public String execute(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String num1=req.getParameter("num1");
String num2=req.getParameter("num2");
Cal cal=new Cal(Integer.valueOf(num1), Integer.valueOf(num2));
req.setAttribute("res", cal.getNum1()-cal.getNum2());
req.getRequestDispatcher("res.jsp").forward(req, resp);
return null;
}
}
第六步:编写界面(cal.jsp)
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function doSub(num){
if(num==1){
calForm.action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/addCal.action";
}else if(num==2){
calForm.action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/delCal.action";
}
calForm.submit();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form name="calForm" action="" method="post">
num1:<input type="text" name="num1"><br>
num2:<input type="text" name="num2"><br>
<button onclick="doSub(1)">+</button>
<button onclick="doSub(2)">-</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
第七步:建立查看结果页面(res.jsp)
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
结果:${res }
</body>
</html>
下面我们来操作一下看结果
今天的内容就先写在这
后面会发布自定义MVC完整版
链接: 自定义MVC完整版.
感谢各位朋友们的支持
感谢各位观看!
希望能够帮助你能够理解MVC的原理!