SSH整合(spring+struts2+hibernate)建立在maven工程的基础上

转载请标明出处:https://blog.csdn.net/men_ma/article/details/106847165.
本文出自 不怕报错 就怕不报错的小猿猿 的博客

SSH整合(spring+struts2+hibernate)建立在maven工程的基础上

前言

ssh为 struts+spring+hibernate的一个集成框架,是一种Web应用程序开源框架。

前段时间的博客分别介绍了Struts、Spring、Hibernater这几大框架,今天就来把框架整合一下。

1.SSH整合的思路步骤

web+spring+struts+hibernate+杂鱼(比如缓存echache框架、日志,tomcat等等)

1.1 导入所需要的pom依赖

pom.xml的jar包:

1.1 hibernate相关(5.2.12.Final)
      hibernate-core
      hibernate-c3p0(数据库连接池)
      hibernate-ehcache
      mysql-connector-java(5.1.44)

  1.2 spring相关(5.0.1.RELEASE)
      spring-context
      spring-orm
      spring-web
      spring-aspects
	
	注:创建spring的XML文件时,需要添加beans/aop/tx/context标签支持
	
  1.3 struts2相关(2.5.13)
      struts2-core
      struts2-spring-plugin
        struts2与spring集成的插件
        将action配置到spring中,struts的action标签的class属性填写spring中bean的名字或id
  1.4 log配置
    1.4.1 log4j(1.X版)
          不建议使用

    1.4.2 log4j2(2.9.1)
          log4j-core
          log4j-api
          log4j-web
          不建议使用

    1.4.3 log4j2 + slf4j(使用ehcache开启hibernate二级缓存必须使用第二种方式配置日志)
          

    注1:本章使用第三种方式配置日志,即log4j2 + slf4j

  1.5 other
      junit(4.12)
      javax.servlet-api(4.0.0)


  1.6 jstl
      jstl(1.2)
      standard(1.1.2)


  1.7 jsp自定义标签依赖(必须与tomcat的版本一致)
      tomcat-jsp-api

      注1:如何解决项目中不支持EL表达式的问题?将web.xml的DTD的版本由2.3升级到3.0即可。因为web2.3是不支持EL表达式的


1.2 几大框架的配置文件(web.xml/struts.xml、hibernate的配置、spring的配置)

1.3spring与hibernate整合桥接的配置文件替换掉了hibernate.cfg.xml

最难点:spring跟hibernate整合

spring-hibernate.xml(难点:spring跟hibernate整合)
		注册数据库连接信息文件
		配置数据库连接池(新的知识点)
		配置sessionfactory
		配置声明式事务(aop)
			com.zking.base.xxxBiz
			com.zking.book.xxxBiz
			com.zking.book.yyyBiz
			com.zking.*.*Biz
			
		配置Base模块(通用的模块)
		
		UserDao
			private Session session;
			
·   吗  			del
			
		<bean id="sesion" class="....">
			
		<bean id="userDao" class="com.zking.dao.UserDao">
			<property name="session' ref="session"></property>
		</bean>

1.4.配置struts.xml(spring跟struts整合

1.5.做测试

2.整合的目录结构

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

3.上代码(整合)

3.1 第一步:pom.xml配置文件(导入依赖)

注:在copy 配置文件pom.xml时,不要急,本文件中有注释部分,copy的时候一定要按照注释的步骤1234…来一块一块的copy,不然会有百分之八十的出错,还有在导入依赖jar包时,前提必须电脑要联网,否则小心炸库哦

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.xiaoqing</groupId>
  <artifactId>xiao_SSH</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>xiao_SSH Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  
  <properties>
		<hibernate.version>5.2.12.Final</hibernate.version>
		<mysql.version>5.1.44</mysql.version>
		<spring.version>5.0.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
		<struts2.version>2.5.13</struts2.version>
		<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
		<log4j2.version>2.9.1</log4j2.version>
		<disruptor.version>3.2.0</disruptor.version>
		<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
		<javax.servlet.version>4.0.0</javax.servlet.version>
		<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
		<standard.version>1.1.2</standard.version>
		<tomcat-jsp-api.version>8.0.47</tomcat-jsp-api.version>
	</properties>
  
  <dependencies>
   <!-- 1、导入hibernate依赖 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
			<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>
			<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
			<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>${mysql.version}</version>
		</dependency>
	<!-- 2、导入spring依赖 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 3、导入struts2依赖 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>${struts2.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
			<version>${struts2.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 4、导入日志系统依赖 -->
		<!-- log配置:Log4j2 + Slf4j -->
		<!-- slf4j核心包 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
			<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
			<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!--用于与slf4j保持桥接 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
			<version>${log4j2.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!--核心log4j2jar包 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
			<version>${log4j2.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
			<version>${log4j2.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!--web工程需要包含log4j-web,非web工程不需要 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>log4j-web</artifactId>
			<version>${log4j2.version}</version>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!--需要使用log4j2的AsyncLogger需要包含disruptor -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.lmax</groupId>
			<artifactId>disruptor</artifactId>
			<version>${disruptor.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 5、other -->
		<!-- 5.1、junit -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>${junit.version}</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 5.2、servlet -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>${javax.servlet.version}</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 5.3、jstl、standard -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>jstl</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
			<version>${jstl.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
			<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
			<version>${standard.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 5.4、tomcat-jsp-api -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
			<artifactId>tomcat-jsp-api</artifactId>
			<version>${tomcat-jsp-api.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		
		<!--6.jackson   core-databind-annotations  -->
		<!--jackson-core -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
		    <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
		    <version>${log4j2.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- jackson-databind -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
		    <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
		    <version>${log4j2.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!--jackson-annotations -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
		    <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
		    <version>${log4j2.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		
		
		
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>xiao_SSH</finalName>
	    <plugins>
				<plugin>
					<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
					<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
					<version>3.7.0</version>
					<configuration>
						<source>1.8</source>
						<target>1.8</target>
						<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
					</configuration>
				</plugin>
		</plugins>
  </build>
</project>

3.2 第二步:几大框架的配置文件

3.2.1 ehcache.xml缓存配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://ehcache.org/ehcache.xsd"
         updateCheck="false">
    <!--磁盘存储:将缓存中暂时不使用的对象,转移到硬盘,类似于Windows系统的虚拟内存-->
    <!--path:指定在硬盘上存储对象的路径-->
    <!--java.io.tmpdir 是默认的临时文件路径。 可以通过如下方式打印出具体的文件路径 System.out.println(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));-->
    <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>


    <!--defaultCache:默认的管理策略-->
    <!--eternal:设定缓存的elements是否永远不过期。如果为true,则缓存的数据始终有效,如果为false那么还要根据timeToIdleSeconds,timeToLiveSeconds判断-->
    <!--maxElementsInMemory:在内存中缓存的element的最大数目-->
    <!--overflowToDisk:如果内存中数据超过内存限制,是否要缓存到磁盘上-->
    <!--diskPersistent:是否在磁盘上持久化。指重启jvm后,数据是否有效。默认为false-->
    <!--timeToIdleSeconds:对象空闲时间(单位:秒),指对象在多长时间没有被访问就会失效。只对eternal为false的有效。默认值0,表示一直可以访问-->
    <!--timeToLiveSeconds:对象存活时间(单位:秒),指对象从创建到失效所需要的时间。只对eternal为false的有效。默认值0,表示一直可以访问-->
    <!--memoryStoreEvictionPolicy:缓存的3 种清空策略-->
    <!--FIFO:first in first out (先进先出)-->
    <!--LFU:Less Frequently Used (最少使用).意思是一直以来最少被使用的。缓存的元素有一个hit 属性,hit 值最小的将会被清出缓存-->
    <!--LRU:Least Recently Used(最近最少使用). (ehcache 默认值).缓存的元素有一个时间戳,当缓存容量满了,而又需要腾出地方来缓存新的元素的时候,那么现有缓存元素中时间戳离当前时间最远的元素将被清出缓存-->
    <defaultCache eternal="false" maxElementsInMemory="1000" overflowToDisk="false" diskPersistent="false"
                  timeToIdleSeconds="0" timeToLiveSeconds="600" memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"/>


    <!--name: Cache的名称,必须是唯一的(ehcache会把这个cache放到HashMap里)-->
    <cache name="stuCache" eternal="false" maxElementsInMemory="100"
           overflowToDisk="false" diskPersistent="false" timeToIdleSeconds="0"
           timeToLiveSeconds="300" memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"/>
</ehcache>

3.2.2 db.properties数据库的配置文件

db.username=root
db.password=123
db.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
db.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/T243?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT
db.initialPoolSize=10
db.maxPoolSize=20
db.minPoolSize=5
db.maxIdleTime=60
db.acquireIncrement=5
db.maxStatements=0
db.idleConnectionTestPeriod=60
db.acquireRetryAttempts=30
db.breakAfterAcquireFailure=true
db.testConnectionOnCheckout=false

3.2.3 struts-base.xml:struts基础配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
	<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />

	<package name="base" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
		<global-allowed-methods>regex:.*</global-allowed-methods>
	</package>
</struts>

3.2.4 log4j2.xml:日志配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!-- status : 指定log4j本身的打印日志的级别.ALL< Trace < DEBUG < INFO < WARN < ERROR 
	< FATAL < OFF。 monitorInterval : 用于指定log4j自动重新配置的监测间隔时间,单位是s,最小是5s. -->
<Configuration status="WARN" monitorInterval="30">
	<Properties>
		<!-- 配置日志文件输出目录 ${sys:user.home} -->
		<Property name="LOG_HOME">/root/workspace/lucenedemo/logs</Property>
		<property name="ERROR_LOG_FILE_NAME">/root/workspace/lucenedemo/logs/error</property>
		<property name="WARN_LOG_FILE_NAME">/root/workspace/lucenedemo/logs/warn</property>
		<property name="PATTERN">%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t-%L] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</property>
	</Properties>

	<Appenders>
		<!--这个输出控制台的配置 -->
		<Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
			<!-- 控制台只输出level及以上级别的信息(onMatch),其他的直接拒绝(onMismatch) -->
			<ThresholdFilter level="trace" onMatch="ACCEPT"
				onMismatch="DENY" />
			<!-- 输出日志的格式 -->
			<!-- %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss, SSS} : 日志生产时间 %p : 日志输出格式 %c : logger的名称 
				%m : 日志内容,即 logger.info("message") %n : 换行符 %C : Java类名 %L : 日志输出所在行数 %M 
				: 日志输出所在方法名 hostName : 本地机器名 hostAddress : 本地ip地址 -->
			<PatternLayout pattern="${PATTERN}" />
		</Console>

		<!--文件会打印出所有信息,这个log每次运行程序会自动清空,由append属性决定,这个也挺有用的,适合临时测试用 -->
		<!--append为TRUE表示消息增加到指定文件中,false表示消息覆盖指定的文件内容,默认值是true -->
		<File name="log" fileName="logs/test.log" append="false">
			<PatternLayout
				pattern="%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n" />
		</File>
		<!-- 这个会打印出所有的info及以下级别的信息,每次大小超过size, 则这size大小的日志会自动存入按年份-月份建立的文件夹下面并进行压缩,作为存档 -->
		<RollingFile name="RollingFileInfo" fileName="${LOG_HOME}/info.log"
			filePattern="${LOG_HOME}/$${date:yyyy-MM}/info-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log">
			<!--控制台只输出level及以上级别的信息(onMatch),其他的直接拒绝(onMismatch) -->
			<ThresholdFilter level="info" onMatch="ACCEPT"
				onMismatch="DENY" />
			<PatternLayout
				pattern="%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n" />
			<Policies>
				<!-- 基于时间的滚动策略,interval属性用来指定多久滚动一次,默认是1 hour。 modulate=true用来调整时间:比如现在是早上3am,interval是4,那么第一次滚动是在4am,接着是8am,12am...而不是7am. -->
				<!-- 关键点在于 filePattern后的日期格式,以及TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy的interval, 日期格式精确到哪一位,interval也精确到哪一个单位 -->
				<!-- log4j2的按天分日志文件 : info-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log -->
				<TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy interval="1"
					modulate="true" />
				<!-- SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy:Policies子节点, 基于指定文件大小的滚动策略,size属性用来定义每个日志文件的大小. -->
				<!-- <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="2 kB" /> -->
			</Policies>
		</RollingFile>

		<RollingFile name="RollingFileWarn" fileName="${WARN_LOG_FILE_NAME}/warn.log"
			filePattern="${WARN_LOG_FILE_NAME}/$${date:yyyy-MM}/warn-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log">
			<ThresholdFilter level="warn" onMatch="ACCEPT"
				onMismatch="DENY" />
			<PatternLayout
				pattern="%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n" />
			<Policies>
				<TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy />
				<SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="2 kB" />
			</Policies>
			<!-- DefaultRolloverStrategy属性如不设置,则默认为最多同一文件夹下7个文件,这里设置了20 -->
			<DefaultRolloverStrategy max="20" />
		</RollingFile>

		<RollingFile name="RollingFileError" fileName="${ERROR_LOG_FILE_NAME}/error.log"
			filePattern="${ERROR_LOG_FILE_NAME}/$${date:yyyy-MM}/error-%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm}-%i.log">
			<ThresholdFilter level="error" onMatch="ACCEPT"
				onMismatch="DENY" />
			<PatternLayout
				pattern="%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n" />
			<Policies>
				<!-- log4j2的按分钟 分日志文件 : warn-%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm}-%i.log -->
				<TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy interval="1"
					modulate="true" />
				<!-- <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="10 MB" /> -->
			</Policies>
		</RollingFile>

	</Appenders>

	<!--然后定义logger,只有定义了logger并引入的appender,appender才会生效 -->
	<Loggers>
		<!--过滤掉spring和mybatis的一些无用的DEBUG信息 -->
		<logger name="org.springframework" level="INFO"></logger>
		<logger name="org.mybatis" level="INFO"></logger>

		<!-- 第三方日志系统 -->
		<logger name="org.springframework" level="ERROR" />
		<logger name="org.hibernate" level="ERROR" />
		<logger name="org.apache.struts2" level="ERROR" />
		<logger name="com.opensymphony.xwork2" level="ERROR" />
		<logger name="org.jboss" level="ERROR" />


		<!-- 配置日志的根节点 -->
		<root level="all">
			<appender-ref ref="Console" />
			<appender-ref ref="RollingFileInfo" />
			<appender-ref ref="RollingFileWarn" />
			<appender-ref ref="RollingFileError" />
		</root>

	</Loggers>

</Configuration>

3.2.5 新建spring-context.xml:spring的主配置文件

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
spring-context.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
	
	<import resource="spring-hibernate.xml"/>
	<import resource="spring-book.xml"/>
</beans>

3.2.6 spring-hibernate.xml:spring与hibernate整合的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
	
	<!--
		1、注册数据库连接信息文件
		2、配置连接池
		3、配置sessionfactory
		4、配置事务
		5、配置 切面
		6、配置通用模块
	  -->
	  <!-- 1、注册jdbc相关的配置文件 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
	<!-- 2、配置数据库连接池C3P0 -->

	<!-- 配置c3p0连接池 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="user" value="${db.username}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${db.password}"></property>
		<property name="driverClass" value="${db.driverClass}"></property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${db.jdbcUrl}"></property>

		<!--初始化时获取的连接数,取值应在minPoolSize与maxPoolSize之间。Default: 3 -->
		<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${db.initialPoolSize}"></property>
		<!--连接池中保留的最大连接数。Default: 15 -->
		<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${db.maxPoolSize}"></property>
		<!--连接池中保留的最小连接数。 -->
		<property name="minPoolSize" value="${db.minPoolSize}" />
		<!--最大空闲时间,60秒内未使用则连接被丢弃。若为0则永不丢弃。Default: 0 -->
		<property name="maxIdleTime" value="${db.maxIdleTime}" />

		<!--当连接池中的连接耗尽的时候c3p0一次同时获取的连接数。Default: 3 -->
		<property name="acquireIncrement" value="${db.acquireIncrement}" />

		<!--JDBC的标准参数,用以控制数据源内加载的PreparedStatements数量。但由于预缓存的statements 属于单个connection而不是整个连接池。 
			所以设置这个参数需要考虑到多方面的因素。如果maxStatements与maxStatementsPerConnection均为0,则缓存被关闭。Default: 
			0 -->
		<property name="maxStatements" value="${db.maxStatements}" />

		<!--每60秒检查所有连接池中的空闲连接。Default: 0 -->
		<property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="${db.idleConnectionTestPeriod}" />

		<!--定义在从数据库获取新连接失败后重复尝试的次数。Default: 30 -->
		<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="${db.acquireRetryAttempts}" />

		<!--获取连接失败将会引起所有等待连接池来获取连接的线程抛出异常。但是数据源仍有效 保留,并在下次调用getConnection()的时候继续尝试获取连接。 
			如果设为true,那么在尝试 获取连接失败后该数据源将申明已断开并永久关闭。Default: false -->
		<property name="breakAfterAcquireFailure" value="${db.breakAfterAcquireFailure}" />

		<!--因性能消耗大请只在需要的时候使用它。如果设为true那么在每个connection提交的 时候都将校验其有效性。建议使用idleConnectionTestPeriod 
			或automaticTestTable 等方法来提升连接测试的性能。Default: false -->
		<property name="testConnectionOnCheckout" value="${db.breakAfterAcquireFailure}" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 3、配置sessionfactory相关信息 -->
	<bean id="sessionFactory"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<!-- 数据源 -->
		<property name="dataSource">
			<ref bean="dataSource" />
		</property>
		<!-- hibernate相关属性 -->
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
				<!--spring与Hibernate集成无法显示sql语句问题,请见集成后hibernate无法显示sql语句.txt -->
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
		<!-- 实体映射文件 -->
		<property name="mappingResources">
			<list>
				<value>com/xiaoqing/book/entity/book.hbm.xml</value> 
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>

	<!-- 4、配置事务 -->
	<!--声明式事务配置开始 -->
	<!-- 
		静态代理:
			一个代理对象->一个目标对象
			BookProxy(BookBizImpl+myMethodBeforeAdvice)->bookBiz
			OrderProxy(OrderBizImpl+myMethodBeforeAdvice2)->	OrderBiz
		
		动态代理:
			一个代理对象->多个目标对象
	 -->
	
	<!--1) 开启自动代理 -->
	<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />

	<!--2) 事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
	</bean>

	<!--3) 定义事务特性 -->
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

			<tx:method name="edit*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

			<tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="remove*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

			<tx:method name="load*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="list*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="select*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="query*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />

			<tx:method name="do*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>

	<!--4) 定义切入点 -->
	<aop:config>
		<!-- pointcut属性用来定义一个切入点,分成四个部分理解 [* ][*..][*Biz][.*(..)] -->
		<!-- A: 返回类型,*表示返回类型不限 -->
		<!-- B: 包名,*..表示包名不限 -->
		<!-- C: 类或接口名,*Biz表示类或接口必须以Biz结尾 -->
		<!-- D: 方法名和参数,*(..)表示方法名不限,参数类型和个数不限 -->
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(* *..*Biz.*(..))" />
	</aop:config>
	<!-- 声明式事务配置结束 -->

	<!-- 5、配置HibernateTemplate 可以看成session-->
	<bean class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate" 
		id="hibernateTemplate">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>
	<!-- 6、分模块开发(只配置base模块)Ctrl+shilf+c -->
	<bean class="com.xiaoqing.base.entity.BaseEntity" abstract="true" id="baseEntity"></bean>
	<bean class="com.xiaoqing.base.dao.BaseDao" abstract="true" id="baseDao" >
		<property name="hibernateTemplate" ref="hibernateTemplate"></property>
	</bean>
	<bean class="com.xiaoqing.base.biz.BaseBiz" abstract="true" id="baseBiz"></bean>
	<bean class="com.xiaoqing.base.web.BaseAction" abstract="true" id="baseAction"></bean> 
	
</beans>

3.3.第三步:基础代码部分com.xiaoqing.base模块下的

3.3.1 util包下的工具类

PageBean.java:

/**
 * 分页工具类
 *
 */
public class PageBean {
	private int page = 1;// 页码
	private int rows = 3;// 页大小
	private int total = 0;// 总记录数
	private boolean pagination = true;// 是否分页
	// 获取前台向后台提交的所有参数
	private Map<String, String[]> parameterMap;
	// 获取上一次访问后台的url
	private String url;
	/**
	 * 初始化pagebean
	 * 
	 * @param req
	 */
	public void setRequest(HttpServletRequest req) {
		this.setPage(req.getParameter("page"));
		this.setRows(req.getParameter("rows"));
		// 只有jsp页面上填写pagination=false才是不分页
	this.setPagination(!"fasle".equals(req.getParameter("pagination")));
		this.setParameterMap(req.getParameterMap());
		this.setUrl(req.getRequestURL().toString());
	}
	public int getMaxPage() {
		return this.total % this.rows == 0 ? this.total / this.rows : this.total / this.rows + 1;
	}
	public int nextPage() {
		return this.page < this.getMaxPage() ? this.page + 1 : this.getMaxPage();
	}
	public int previousPage() {
		return this.page > 1 ? this.page - 1 : 1;
	}
	public PageBean() {
		super();
	}
	public int getPage() {
		return page;
	}
	public void setPage(int page) {
		this.page = page;
	}
	public void setPage(String page) {
		this.page = StringUtils.isBlank(page) ? this.page : Integer.valueOf(page);
	}
	public int getRows() {
		return rows;
	}
	public void setRows(int rows) {
		this.rows = rows;
	}
	public void setRows(String rows) {
		this.rows = StringUtils.isBlank(rows) ? this.rows : Integer.valueOf(rows);
	}
	public int getTotal() {
		return total;
	}
	public void setTotal(int total) {
		this.total = total;
	}
	public void setTotal(String total) {
		this.total = Integer.parseInt(total);
	}
	public boolean isPagination() {
		return pagination;
	}
	public void setPagination(boolean pagination) {
		this.pagination = pagination;
	}
	public Map<String, String[]> getParameterMap() {
		return parameterMap;
	}
	public void setParameterMap(Map<String, String[]> parameterMap) {
		this.parameterMap = parameterMap;
	}
	public String getUrl() {
		return url;
	}
	public void setUrl(String url) {
		this.url = url;
	}
	/**
	 * 获得起始记录的下标
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public int getStartIndex() {
		return (this.page - 1) * this.rows;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "PageBean [page=" + page + ", rows=" + rows + ", total=" + total + ", pagination=" + pagination
				+ ", parameterMap=" + parameterMap + ", url=" + url + "]";
	}
}

ResponseUtil.java:

package com.xiaoqing.base.util;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
/**
 * 
 * @author 晴sister
 *
 * https://i.csdn.net/#/uc/profile
 */
public class ResponseUtil {

//	返回结果集到前端页面

	public static void write(HttpServletResponse response,Object o)throws Exception{
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
		out.println(o.toString());
		out.flush();
		out.close();
	}
//	o:对象
	
	public static void writeJson(HttpServletResponse response,Object o)throws Exception{
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		ObjectMapper om=new ObjectMapper();
//		对象转换成json
		String jsonStr = om.writeValueAsString(o);
//		输出到jsp页面端去
		PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
		out.println(jsonStr.toString());
		out.flush();
		out.close();
	}
}

StringUtils.java:

package com.xiaoqing.base.util;

public class StringUtils {
	// 私有的构造方法,保护此类不能在外部实例化
	private StringUtils() {
	}

	/**
	 * 如果字符串等于null或去空格后等于"",则返回true,否则返回false
	 * 
	 * @param s
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean isBlank(String s) {
		boolean b = false;
		if (null == s || s.trim().equals("")) {
			b = true;
		}
		return b;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 如果字符串不等于null或去空格后不等于"",则返回true,否则返回false
	 * 
	 * @param s
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean isNotBlank(String s) {
		return !isBlank(s);
	}

}

3.3.2 base.dao包下的BaseDao.java类(继承HibernateDaoSupport):

public class BaseDao  extends HibernateDaoSupport implements Serializable{
	
	public void setParam(Query query,Map<String, Object> map) {
		if(map == null || map.size() < 1) {
			return;
		}
		Object value = null;
		for(Map.Entry<String, Object> entry:map.entrySet()) {
			value = entry.getValue();
			if(value instanceof Collection) {
				query.setParameterList(entry.getKey(), (Collection) value);
			}else if(value instanceof Object[]) {
				query.setParameterList(entry.getKey(), (Object[]) value);
			}else {
				query.setParameter(entry.getKey(), value);
			}
		}
	}
	
	public String getCountHql(String hql) {
		int index = hql.toUpperCase().indexOf("FROM");
		return "select count(*) "+hql.substring(index);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 
	 * @param hql	已经拼装好的
	 * @param map
	 * @param pageBean
	 * @return
	 */
	public List executeQuery(Session session, String hql,Map<String, Object> map,PageBean pageBean) {
		if(pageBean !=null && pageBean.isPagination()) {
			String countHql = getCountHql(hql);
			Query countQuery = session.createQuery(countHql);
			this.setParam(countQuery, map);
			pageBean.setTotal(countQuery.getSingleResult().toString());
			
			Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
			this.setParam(query, map);
			query.setFirstResult(pageBean.getStartIndex());
			query.setMaxResults(pageBean.getRows());
			List list = query.list();
			
			return list;
		}else {
			Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
			this.setParam(query, map);
			List list = query.list();
			return list;
		}
		
	}

}

3.3 3 base.entity包下的BaseEntity.java类:

package com.xiaoqing.base.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
/**
 * 这里存放所有实体类的共性属性
 * JSP传递到后台的参数
 * 非数据库与表的映射关系字段属性
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class BaseEntity implements Serializable{

	
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 3114035591033068025L;

	
	
}

3.3.4 base包下的BaseAction.java:实现ServletRequestAware, ServletResponseAware接口

package com.xiaoqing.base.web;
import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;

public class BaseAction implements ServletRequestAware, ServletResponseAware,Serializable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -7110462505161900879L;
	/**
	 * 为了传值使用
	 */
	protected HttpServletResponse response;
	protected HttpServletRequest request;
	protected HttpSession session;
	protected ServletContext application;
	
	/**
	 * 为了配置跳转页面所用
	 */
	protected final static String SUCCESS = "success";
	protected final static String FAIL = "fail";
	protected final static String LIST = "list";
	protected final static String ADD = "add";
	protected final static String EDIT = "edit";
	protected final static String DETAIL = "detail";
	
	/**
	 * 具体传值字段	后端向jsp页面传值所用字段
	 */
	protected Object result;
	protected Object msg;
	protected int code;

	public Object getResult() {
		return result;
	}

	public Object getMsg() {
		return msg;
	}

	public int getCode() {
		return code;
	}

	@Override
	public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse arg0) {
		this.response = arg0;
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0) {
		this.request = arg0;
		this.session = arg0.getSession();
		this.application = arg0.getServletContext();
	}

}

3.4.第四步:配置struts.xml

3.4.1 struts.xml:struts总配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<include file="struts-base.xml"></include>
	<include file="struts-book.xml"></include>
</struts>

3.4.2 struts-book.xml:实体类book的struts配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="book" extends="base" namespace="/book">
		<action name="/book_*" class="bookAction" method="{1}">
			
		</action>
	</package>
</struts>

3.5 写一个案例来测试com.xiaoqing.book模块下的

3.5.1 entity包下的Book.java

package com.xiaoqing.book.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Book implements Serializable{
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 7854346129948939016L;
	private Integer bid;
	private String bname;
	private Float price;
	public Integer getBid() {
		return bid;
	}
	public void setBid(Integer bid) {
		this.bid = bid;
	}
	public String getBname() {
		return bname;
	}
	public void setBname(String bname) {
		this.bname = bname;
	}
	public Float getPrice() {
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(Float price) {
		this.price = price;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Book [bid=" + bid + ", bname=" + bname + ", price=" + price + "]";
	}
	public Book(Integer bid, String bname, Float price) {
		super();
		this.bid = bid;
		this.bname = bname;
		this.price = price;
	}
	public Book() {
		super();
	}
	

	
}

3.5.2 entity包下的book.hbm.xml:实体类配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.xiaoqing.book.entity.Book" table="t_mvc_book">
		<id name="bid" type="java.lang.Integer" column="bid">
			<generator class="increment" />
		</id>
		<property name="bname" type="java.lang.String" column="bname">
		</property>
		<property name="price" type="java.lang.Float" column="price">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

3.5.3 dao包下的BookDao.java(继承BaseDao)

package com.xiaoqing.book.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateCallback;

import com.xiaoqing.base.dao.BaseDao;
import com.xiaoqing.book.entity.Book;
/**
 * 注意:
 * 		1.一定到继承BaseDao (是为了到hibernateTemplete(相当于session))
 * 		2.方法命名有讲究(一定要符合声明式事务所定义的规则,比如add*)
 * 			若是不遵循规则,那么数据是不会提交到数据库
 * 		3.hibernateTemplete模板在执行查询的时候比较特殊
 * 
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class BookDao extends BaseDao{
	
	public int add(Book book) {
		return (int)getHibernateTemplate().save(book);
	}

	public void edit(Book book) {
		getHibernateTemplate().update(book);
	}
	
	public void del(Book book) {
		getHibernateTemplate().delete(book);
	}
	
	public List<Book> list(){
		return (List<Book>) getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<List<Book>>() {

			@Override
			public List<Book> doInHibernate(Session session) throws HibernateException {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				return session.createQuery(" from Book").list();
				
			}
		});
	}
}

3.4.6 biz包下的BookBiz.java接口类

package com.xiaoqing.book.biz;

import java.util.List;


import com.xiaoqing.book.entity.Book;

public interface BookBiz {

	public int add(Book book);

	public void edit(Book book);
	
	public void del(Book book);
	
	public List<Book> list();

}

3.4.7 biz包下的BookBizImpl.java接口实现类:(实现BookBiz接口)

package com.xiaoqing.book.biz;

import java.util.List;

import com.xiaoqing.book.dao.BookDao;
import com.xiaoqing.book.entity.Book;

/**
 * pointcut="execution(* *..*Biz.*(..))"
 * 为什么切面要切在biz上面而不能切在dao层上?
 * 	明确切面的作用:
 * 		切面的目的是为了在目标对象的方法定义事务特性(add/del/edit/list)
 * 			给上面所列举的方法开启或提交事务等等
 * 
 * 举例说明:切在biz与切在dao层上的区别
 * 		web层:
 * 			MoneyAction.transfer(){
 * 				MoneyBiz.transfer(User u1,User u2)
 * 			}
 * 		biz层:
 * 			MoneyBiz.transfer(User u1,User u2){
 * 				MoneyDao.edit(u1);
 * 				MoneyDao.edit(u2);
 * 			}
 * 		dao层:
 * 			MoneyDao.edit(User u);
 * 			
 * 
 * 		银行转账的例子
 * 		如果切在dao层上:
 * 			SSH解读程序员所写代码
 * 		biz层:
 * 			MoneyBiz.transfer(User u1,User u2){
 * 				Transation t1=session.beginTransation();
 * 				MoneyDao.edit(u1);
 * 				t1.commit();
 * 				Transation t2=session.beginTransation();
 * 				MoneyDao.edit(u2);
 * 				t2.commit();
 * 			}
 * 
 * 从上面的代码可以看出,一个转账的功能处于两个事务当中!!!!
 * 			如果
 * 				MoneyDao.edit(u1);
 * 					这里发生了异常
 * 				MoneyDao.edit(u2);
 * 				
 * 	如果切在biz层上:
 * 		web层:
 * 			MoneyAction.transfer(){
 * 				Transation t=session.beginTransation();
 * 				MoneyBiz.transfer(User u1,User u2)
 * 				t.commit();
 * 			}
 * 
 * 
 * @author 晴sister
 * 2020年8月6日22:48:10
 *
 */
public class BookBizImpl implements BookBiz{
	
	private BookDao bookDao;

	public BookDao getBookDao() {
		return bookDao;
	}

	public void setBookDao(BookDao bookDao) {
		this.bookDao = bookDao;
	}

	@Override
	public int add(Book book) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return bookDao.add(book);
	}

	@Override
	public void edit(Book book) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		bookDao.edit(book);
	}

	@Override
	public void del(Book book) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		bookDao.del(book);
	}

	@Override
	public List<Book> list() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return bookDao.list();
	}
	
	

}

3.5.8 web包下的BookAction.java(要继承BaseAction,实现ModelDriven)

package com.xiaoqing.book.web;

import java.util.List;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.xiaoqing.base.web.BaseAction;
import com.xiaoqing.book.biz.BookBiz;
import com.xiaoqing.book.entity.Book;

public class BookAction extends BaseAction implements ModelDriven<Book>{
	
	private Book book=new Book();
	private BookBiz bookBiz;

	@Override
	public Book getModel() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return book;
	}
	
	
	public BookBiz getBookBiz() {
		return bookBiz;
	}


	public void setBookBiz(BookBiz bookBiz) {
		this.bookBiz = bookBiz;
	}


	public  String add() {
		System.out.println(book);
		this.bookBiz.add(book);
		return null;
	}
	
	public  String edit() {
		System.out.println(book);
		this.bookBiz.edit(book);
		return null;
	}
	
	public  String del() {
		System.out.println(book);
		this.bookBiz.del(book);
		return null;
	}
	
	public  String list() {
		List<Book> list2 = this.bookBiz.list();
		for (Book b : list2) {
			System.out.println(b);
		}
		return null;
	}
	
	

}

3.5.9 spring-book.xml:spring与book实体类整合的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
	
	<bean class="com.xiaoqing.book.dao.BookDao" parent="baseDao" id="bookDao"></bean>
	<bean class="com.xiaoqing.book.biz.BookBizImpl" parent="baseBiz" id="bookBiz">
		<property name="bookDao" ref="bookDao"></property>
	</bean>
	<bean class="com.xiaoqing.book.web.BookAction" parent="baseAction" id="bookAction">
		<property name="bookBiz" ref="bookBiz"></property>
	</bean>
</beans>

3.6web.xml配置:

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
	<!-- 1、整合spring -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:spring-context.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
	<listener>
		<listener-class>
			org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
		</listener-class>
	</listener>
	<!-- 2、整合struts2 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
		<filter-class>
			org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
		</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

	<!-- 3、添加过滤器 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>
			org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
		</filter-class>
		<async-supported>true</async-supported>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
</web-app>

3.7测试结果(增加删除修改在后面带上参数就OK了),在此就没写页面了,用控制台输出

3.7.1查询所有

在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值