LeetCode48：Rotate Image

You are given an n x n 2D matrix representing an image.

Rotate the image by 90 degrees (clockwise).

Note:

You have to rotate the image in-place, which means you have to modify the input 2D matrix directly. DO NOT allocate another 2D matrix and do the rotation.

Example 1:

Given input matrix = 
[
  [1,2,3],
  [4,5,6],
  [7,8,9]
],

rotate the input matrix in-place such that it becomes:
[
  [7,4,1],
  [8,5,2],
  [9,6,3]
]

Example 2:

Given input matrix =
[
  [ 5, 1, 9,11],
  [ 2, 4, 8,10],
  [13, 3, 6, 7],
  [15,14,12,16]
], 

rotate the input matrix in-place such that it becomes:
[
  [15,13, 2, 5],
  [14, 3, 4, 1],
  [12, 6, 8, 9],
  [16, 7,10,11]
]

---

LeetCode：链接

1. 方阵顺时针旋转：先将矩阵上下翻转，然后将矩阵沿主对角线（即左上到右下）中心对称翻转，即可实现顺时针90度旋转

或者用zip和map。

class Solution(object):
    def rotate(self, matrix):
        """
        :type matrix: List[List[int]]
        :rtype: void Do not return anything, modify matrix in-place instead.
        """
        if len(matrix) == 0:
            return []
        n = len(matrix)
        # 上下翻转
        for i in range(n//2):
            matrix[i], matrix[n-i-1] = matrix[n-i-1], matrix[i]
        # 主对角线翻转
        for i in range(n):
            for j in range(i+1, n):
                matrix[i][j], matrix[j][i] = matrix[j][i], matrix[i][j]

2. 方阵逆时针旋转：先将矩阵左右翻转，然后将矩阵沿主对角线（即左上到右下）中心对称翻转，即可实现逆时针90度旋转

class Solution(object):
    def rotate(self, matrix):
        """
        :type matrix: List[List[int]]
        :rtype: void Do not return anything, modify matrix in-place instead.
        """
        if len(matrix) == 0:
            return []
        n = len(matrix)
        for i in range(n):
            for j in range(n//2):
                matrix[i][j], matrix[i][n-j-1] = matrix[i][n-j-1], matrix[i][j]

        for i in range(n):
            for j in range(i+1, n):
                matrix[i][j], matrix[j][i] = matrix[j][i], matrix[i][j]
        return matrix