Codeforces 793D Presents in Bankopolis【Dp+记忆化搜索】

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最新推荐文章于 2022-06-23 12:16:15 发布

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分类专栏： dp 思维文章标签： Codeforces 793D

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Bankopolis is an incredible city in which all the n crossroads are located on a straight line and numbered from 1 to n along it. On each crossroad there is a bank office.

The crossroads are connected with m oriented bicycle lanes (the i-th lane goes from crossroad u_i to crossroad v_i), the difficulty of each of the lanes is known.

Oleg the bank client wants to gift happiness and joy to the bank employees. He wants to visit exactly k offices, in each of them he wants to gift presents to the employees.

The problem is that Oleg don't want to see the reaction on his gifts, so he can't use a bicycle lane which passes near the office in which he has already presented his gifts (formally, the i-th lane passes near the office on the x-th crossroad if and only if min(u_i, v_i) < x < max(u_i, v_i))). Of course, in each of the offices Oleg can present gifts exactly once. Oleg is going to use exactly k - 1 bicycle lane to move between offices. Oleg can start his path from any office and finish it in any office.

Oleg wants to choose such a path among possible ones that the total difficulty of the lanes he will use is minimum possible. Find this minimum possible total difficulty.

Input

The first line contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n, k ≤ 80) — the number of crossroads (and offices) and the number of offices Oleg wants to visit.

The second line contains single integer m (0 ≤ m ≤ 2000) — the number of bicycle lanes in Bankopolis.

The next m lines contain information about the lanes.

The i-th of these lines contains three integers u_i, v_i and c_i (1 ≤ u_i, v_i ≤ n, 1 ≤ c_i ≤ 1000), denoting the crossroads connected by the i-th road and its difficulty.

Output

In the only line print the minimum possible total difficulty of the lanes in a valid path, or -1 if there are no valid paths.

Examples

Input

Output

Input

Output

Note

In the first example Oleg visiting banks by path 1 → 6 → 2 → 4.

Path 1 → 6 → 2 → 7 with smaller difficulity is incorrect because crossroad 2 → 7 passes near already visited office on the crossroad 6.

In the second example Oleg can visit banks by path 4 → 1 → 3.

题目大意：

现在给你排成一排的N个点，要求然你找到一条长度为K的链，起点终点不限，使得其路径总和最小。

要求一个点不能走多次。

另外假设点i已经走过了，那么我们不能从比i编号大的点走到比i编号小的点，同理也不能从比i编号小的点走到比i编号大的点。

思路（思路源自：http://blog.csdn.net/jeremy1149/article/details/70579664）：

吐槽：

有时候Dp去写记忆化真的很好理解也很好实现，写了好半天for的写的心累。。。。。。。。。。。。

1、问题的模型肯定是建立在最短路上来的，对于限制型最短路问题，我们可以升其维度来改变dp的方式。

那么设定dp【i】【l】【r】【cur】表示当前剩下i步需要走，此时在cur这个点，下一步需要在区间（l，r）内找到一个点进行行进的点的最短路径。

那么就有：

dp【i】【l】【r】【cur】=min（dp【i】【nexL】【nexR】【v】，dp【i】【l】【r】【cur】）；这里l<v<r,，然后讨论v和cur之间的大小关系能够确定nexL，和nexR.

2、然后我们枚举终点然后进行记忆化即可，过程维护一个最小值。

Ac代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int n,m,k;
int a[85][85];
int dp[85][85][85][85];
int Dp(int k,int l,int r,int cur)
{
    if(dp[k][l][r][cur]==-1)
    {
        if(k==1)
        {
            dp[k][l][r][cur]=0;
            return dp[k][l][r][cur];
        }
        else
        {
            dp[k][l][r][cur]=0x3f3f3f3f;
            for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
            {
                if(i==cur)continue;
                if(i>l&&i<r&&a[cur][i]<0x3f3f3f3f)
                {
                    int L=l,R=r;
                    if(i>cur)L=cur;
                    else R=cur;
                    dp[k][l][r][cur]=min(dp[k][l][r][cur],Dp(k-1,L,R,i)+a[cur][i]);
                }
            }
            return dp[k][l][r][cur];
        }
    }
    else return dp[k][l][r][cur];
}
int main()
{
    while(~scanf("%d%d",&n,&k))
    {
        scanf("%d",&m);
        for(int i=0;i<=82;i++)
        {
            for(int j=0;j<=82;j++)
            {
                a[i][j]=0x3f3f3f3f;
            }
        }
        for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
        {
            int x,y,w;
            scanf("%d%d%d",&x,&y,&w);
            a[x][y]=min(w,a[x][y]);
        }
        memset(dp,-1,sizeof(dp));
        int output=0x3f3f3f3f;
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
            output=min(output,Dp(k,0,n+1,i));
        }
        if(output==0x3f3f3f3f||output==-1)printf("-1\n");
        else
        printf("%d\n",output);
    }
}