Zend Framework教程-Zend_Controller_Dispatcher分发器

最新推荐文章于 2017-06-25 00:30:56 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2017-06-25 00:30:56 发布

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分类专栏： ZendFramework Zend Framework 文章标签： zend function module exception null action

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/mengxiangbaidu/article/details/7225250

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分发器的具体实现

Zend Framework的分发器Zend_Controller_Dispatcher设计主要有，如下类和接口组成：

├── Dispatcher
│   ├── Abstract.php
│   ├── Exception.php
│   ├── Interface.php
│   └── Standard.php

Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Interface

定义了分发器提供的基本和标准功能。

interface Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Interface
{
    public function formatControllerName($unformatted);

    public function formatModuleName($unformatted);

    public function formatActionName($unformatted);

    public function isDispatchable(Zend_Controller_Request_Abstract $request);

    public function setParam($name, $value);

    public function setParams(array $params);

    public function getParam($name);

    public function getParams();

    public function clearParams($name = null);

    public function setResponse(Zend_Controller_Response_Abstract $response = null);

    public function getResponse();

    public function addControllerDirectory($path, $args = null);

    public function setControllerDirectory($path);

    public function getControllerDirectory();

    public function dispatch(Zend_Controller_Request_Abstract $request, Zend_Controller_Response_Abstract $response);

    public function isValidModule($module);

    public function getDefaultModule();

    public function getDefaultControllerName();

    public function getDefaultAction();
}

Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Abstract

实现了Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Interface接口，提供了分发器提供的基本和标准功能的抽象父类。

<?php

/** Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Interface */
require_once 'Zend/Controller/Dispatcher/Interface.php';

abstract class Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Abstract implements Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Interface
{
    protected $_defaultAction = 'index';

    protected $_defaultController = 'index';

    protected $_defaultModule = 'default';

    protected $_frontController;

    protected $_invokeParams = array();

    protected $_pathDelimiter = '_';

    protected $_response = null;

    protected $_wordDelimiter = array('-', '.');

    public function __construct(array $params = array())
    {
        $this->setParams($params);
    }

    public function formatControllerName($unformatted)
    {
        return ucfirst($this->_formatName($unformatted)) . 'Controller';
    }

    public function formatActionName($unformatted)
    {
        $formatted = $this->_formatName($unformatted, true);
        return strtolower(substr($formatted, 0, 1)) . substr($formatted, 1) . 'Action';
    }

    public function _verifyDelimiter($spec)
    {
        if (is_string($spec)) {
            return (array) $spec;
        } elseif (is_array($spec)) {
            $allStrings = true;
            foreach ($spec as $delim) {
                if (!is_string($delim)) {
                    $allStrings = false;
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (!$allStrings) {
                require_once 'Zend/Controller/Dispatcher/Exception.php';
                throw new Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Exception('Word delimiter array must contain only strings');
            }

            return $spec;
        }

        require_once 'Zend/Controller/Dispatcher/Exception.php';
        throw new Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Exception('Invalid word delimiter');
    }

    public function getWordDelimiter()
    {
        return $this->_wordDelimiter;
    }

    public function setWordDelimiter($spec)
    {
        $spec = $this->_verifyDelimiter($spec);
        $this->_wordDelimiter = $spec;

        return $this;
    }

    public function getPathDelimiter()
    {
        return $this->_pathDelimiter;
    }

    public function setPathDelimiter($spec)
    {
        if (!is_string($spec)) {
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Dispatcher/Exception.php';
            throw new Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Exception('Invalid path delimiter');
        }
        $this->_pathDelimiter = $spec;

        return $this;
    }

    protected function _formatName($unformatted, $isAction = false)
    {
        // preserve directories
        if (!$isAction) {
            $segments = explode($this->getPathDelimiter(), $unformatted);
        } else {
            $segments = (array) $unformatted;
        }

        foreach ($segments as $key => $segment) {
            $segment        = str_replace($this->getWordDelimiter(), ' ', strtolower($segment));
            $segment        = preg_replace('/[^a-z0-9 ]/', '', $segment);
            $segments[$key] = str_replace(' ', '', ucwords($segment));
        }

        return implode('_', $segments);
    }

    public function getFrontController()
    {
        if (null === $this->_frontController) {
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Front.php';
            $this->_frontController = Zend_Controller_Front::getInstance();
        }

        return $this->_frontController;
    }

    public function setFrontController(Zend_Controller_Front $controller)
    {
        $this->_frontController = $controller;
        return $this;
    }

    public function setParam($name, $value)
    {
        $name = (string) $name;
        $this->_invokeParams[$name] = $value;
        return $this;
    }

    public function setParams(array $params)
    {
        $this->_invokeParams = array_merge($this->_invokeParams, $params);
        return $this;
    }

    public function getParam($name)
    {
        if(isset($this->_invokeParams[$name])) {
            return $this->_invokeParams[$name];
        }

        return null;
    }

    public function getParams()
    {
        return $this->_invokeParams;
    }

    public function clearParams($name = null)
    {
        if (null === $name) {
            $this->_invokeParams = array();
        } elseif (is_string($name) && isset($this->_invokeParams[$name])) {
            unset($this->_invokeParams[$name]);
        } elseif (is_array($name)) {
            foreach ($name as $key) {
                if (is_string($key) && isset($this->_invokeParams[$key])) {
                    unset($this->_invokeParams[$key]);
                }
            }
        }

        return $this;
    }

    public function setResponse(Zend_Controller_Response_Abstract $response = null)
    {
        $this->_response = $response;
        return $this;
    }

    public function getResponse()
    {
        return $this->_response;
    }

    public function setDefaultControllerName($controller)
    {
        $this->_defaultController = (string) $controller;
        return $this;
    }

    public function getDefaultControllerName()
    {
        return $this->_defaultController;
    }

    public function setDefaultAction($action)
    {
        $this->_defaultAction = (string) $action;
        return $this;
    }

    public function getDefaultAction()
    {
        return $this->_defaultAction;
    }

    public function setDefaultModule($module)
    {
        $this->_defaultModule = (string) $module;
        return $this;
    }

    public function getDefaultModule()
    {
        return $this->_defaultModule;
    }
}

Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Standard

ZendFramework继承抽象类Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Abstract，定义了Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Standard。Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Standard是ZendFramework提供的基本的分发器，完成了分发功能。

<?php

/** Zend_Loader */
require_once 'Zend/Loader.php';

/** Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Abstract */
require_once 'Zend/Controller/Dispatcher/Abstract.php';

class Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Standard extends Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Abstract
{
    protected $_curDirectory;

    protected $_curModule;

    protected $_controllerDirectory = array();

    public function __construct(array $params = array())
    {
        parent::__construct($params);
        $this->_curModule = $this->getDefaultModule();
    }

    public function addControllerDirectory($path, $module = null)
    {
        if (null === $module) {
            $module = $this->_defaultModule;
        }

        $module = (string) $module;
        $path   = rtrim((string) $path, '/\\');

        $this->_controllerDirectory[$module] = $path;
        return $this;
    }

    public function setControllerDirectory($directory, $module = null)
    {
        $this->_controllerDirectory = array();

        if (is_string($directory)) {
            $this->addControllerDirectory($directory, $module);
        } elseif (is_array($directory)) {
            foreach ((array) $directory as $module => $path) {
                $this->addControllerDirectory($path, $module);
            }
        } else {
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Exception.php';
            throw new Zend_Controller_Exception('Controller directory spec must be either a string or an array');
        }

        return $this;
    }

    public function getControllerDirectory($module = null)
    {
        if (null === $module) {
            return $this->_controllerDirectory;
        }

        $module = (string) $module;
        if (array_key_exists($module, $this->_controllerDirectory)) {
            return $this->_controllerDirectory[$module];
        }

        return null;
    }

    public function removeControllerDirectory($module)
    {
        $module = (string) $module;
        if (array_key_exists($module, $this->_controllerDirectory)) {
            unset($this->_controllerDirectory[$module]);
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    public function formatModuleName($unformatted)
    {
        if (($this->_defaultModule == $unformatted) && !$this->getParam('prefixDefaultModule')) {
            return $unformatted;
        }

        return ucfirst($this->_formatName($unformatted));
    }

    public function formatClassName($moduleName, $className)
    {
        return $this->formatModuleName($moduleName) . '_' . $className;
    }

    public function classToFilename($class)
    {
        return str_replace('_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $class) . '.php';
    }

    public function isDispatchable(Zend_Controller_Request_Abstract $request)
    {
        $className = $this->getControllerClass($request);
        if (!$className) {
            return false;
        }

        $finalClass  = $className;
        if (($this->_defaultModule != $this->_curModule)
            || $this->getParam('prefixDefaultModule'))
        {
            $finalClass = $this->formatClassName($this->_curModule, $className);
        }
        if (class_exists($finalClass, false)) {
            return true;
        }

        $fileSpec    = $this->classToFilename($className);
        $dispatchDir = $this->getDispatchDirectory();
        $test        = $dispatchDir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $fileSpec;
        return Zend_Loader::isReadable($test);
    }

    public function dispatch(Zend_Controller_Request_Abstract $request, Zend_Controller_Response_Abstract $response)
    {
        $this->setResponse($response);

        /**
         * Get controller class
         */
        if (!$this->isDispatchable($request)) {
            $controller = $request->getControllerName();
            if (!$this->getParam('useDefaultControllerAlways') && !empty($controller)) {
                require_once 'Zend/Controller/Dispatcher/Exception.php';
                throw new Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Exception('Invalid controller specified (' . $request->getControllerName() . ')');
            }

            $className = $this->getDefaultControllerClass($request);
        } else {
            $className = $this->getControllerClass($request);
            if (!$className) {
                $className = $this->getDefaultControllerClass($request);
            }
        }

        /**
         * Load the controller class file
         */
        $className = $this->loadClass($className);

        /**
         * Instantiate controller with request, response, and invocation
         * arguments; throw exception if it's not an action controller
         */
        $controller = new $className($request, $this->getResponse(), $this->getParams());
        if (!($controller instanceof Zend_Controller_Action_Interface) &&
            !($controller instanceof Zend_Controller_Action)) {
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Dispatcher/Exception.php';
            throw new Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Exception(
                'Controller "' . $className . '" is not an instance of Zend_Controller_Action_Interface'
            );
        }

        /**
         * Retrieve the action name
         */
        $action = $this->getActionMethod($request);

        /**
         * Dispatch the method call
         */
        $request->setDispatched(true);

        // by default, buffer output
        $disableOb = $this->getParam('disableOutputBuffering');
        $obLevel   = ob_get_level();
        if (empty($disableOb)) {
            ob_start();
        }

        try {
            $controller->dispatch($action);
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            // Clean output buffer on error
            $curObLevel = ob_get_level();
            if ($curObLevel > $obLevel) {
                do {
                    ob_get_clean();
                    $curObLevel = ob_get_level();
                } while ($curObLevel > $obLevel);
            }
            throw $e;
        }

        if (empty($disableOb)) {
            $content = ob_get_clean();
            $response->appendBody($content);
        }

        // Destroy the page controller instance and reflection objects
        $controller = null;
    }
    public function loadClass($className)
    {
        $finalClass  = $className;
        if (($this->_defaultModule != $this->_curModule)
            || $this->getParam('prefixDefaultModule'))
        {
            $finalClass = $this->formatClassName($this->_curModule, $className);
        }
        if (class_exists($finalClass, false)) {
            return $finalClass;
        }

        $dispatchDir = $this->getDispatchDirectory();
        $loadFile    = $dispatchDir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $this->classToFilename($className);

        if (Zend_Loader::isReadable($loadFile)) {
            include_once $loadFile;
        } else {
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Dispatcher/Exception.php';
            throw new Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Exception('Cannot load controller class "' . $className . '" from file "' . $loadFile . "'");
        }

        if (!class_exists($finalClass, false)) {
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Dispatcher/Exception.php';
            throw new Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Exception('Invalid controller class ("' . $finalClass . '")');
        }

        return $finalClass;
    }
    public function getControllerClass(Zend_Controller_Request_Abstract $request)
    {
        $controllerName = $request->getControllerName();
        if (empty($controllerName)) {
            if (!$this->getParam('useDefaultControllerAlways')) {
                return false;
            }
            $controllerName = $this->getDefaultControllerName();
            $request->setControllerName($controllerName);
        }

        $className = $this->formatControllerName($controllerName);

        $controllerDirs      = $this->getControllerDirectory();
        $module = $request->getModuleName();
        if ($this->isValidModule($module)) {
            $this->_curModule    = $module;
            $this->_curDirectory = $controllerDirs[$module];
        } elseif ($this->isValidModule($this->_defaultModule)) {
            $request->setModuleName($this->_defaultModule);
            $this->_curModule    = $this->_defaultModule;
            $this->_curDirectory = $controllerDirs[$this->_defaultModule];
        } else {
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Exception.php';
            throw new Zend_Controller_Exception('No default module defined for this application');
        }

        return $className;
    }
    public function isValidModule($module)
    {
        if (!is_string($module)) {
            return false;
        }

        $module        = strtolower($module);
        $controllerDir = $this->getControllerDirectory();
        foreach (array_keys($controllerDir) as $moduleName) {
            if ($module == strtolower($moduleName)) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }
    public function getDefaultControllerClass(Zend_Controller_Request_Abstract $request)
    {
        $controller = $this->getDefaultControllerName();
        $default    = $this->formatControllerName($controller);
        $request->setControllerName($controller)
                ->setActionName(null);

        $module              = $request->getModuleName();
        $controllerDirs      = $this->getControllerDirectory();
        $this->_curModule    = $this->_defaultModule;
        $this->_curDirectory = $controllerDirs[$this->_defaultModule];
        if ($this->isValidModule($module)) {
            $found = false;
            if (class_exists($default, false)) {
                $found = true;
            } else {
                $moduleDir = $controllerDirs[$module];
                $fileSpec  = $moduleDir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $this->classToFilename($default);
                if (Zend_Loader::isReadable($fileSpec)) {
                    $found = true;
                    $this->_curDirectory = $moduleDir;
                }
            }
            if ($found) {
                $request->setModuleName($module);
                $this->_curModule    = $this->formatModuleName($module);
            }
        } else {
            $request->setModuleName($this->_defaultModule);
        }

        return $default;
    }
    public function getDispatchDirectory()
    {
        return $this->_curDirectory;
    }
    public function getActionMethod(Zend_Controller_Request_Abstract $request)
    {
        $action = $request->getActionName();
        if (empty($action)) {
            $action = $this->getDefaultAction();
            $request->setActionName($action);
        }

        return $this->formatActionName($action);
    }
}

前端控制器和分发器

<?php


/** Zend_Loader */
require_once 'Zend/Loader.php';

/** Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker */
require_once 'Zend/Controller/Action/HelperBroker.php';

/** Zend_Controller_Plugin_Broker */
require_once 'Zend/Controller/Plugin/Broker.php';

class Zend_Controller_Front
{
    protected $_baseUrl = null;

    protected $_controllerDir = null;

    protected $_dispatcher = null;

    protected static $_instance = null;

    protected $_invokeParams = array();

    protected $_moduleControllerDirectoryName = 'controllers';

    protected $_plugins = null;

    protected $_request = null;

    protected $_response = null;

    protected $_returnResponse = false;

    protected $_router = null;

    protected $_throwExceptions = false;

    protected function __construct()
    {
        $this->_plugins = new Zend_Controller_Plugin_Broker();
    }

    private function __clone()
    {
    }

    public static function getInstance()
    {
        if (null === self::$_instance) {
            self::$_instance = new self();
        }

        return self::$_instance;
    }

    public function resetInstance()
    {
        $reflection = new ReflectionObject($this);
        foreach ($reflection->getProperties() as $property) {
            $name = $property->getName();
            switch ($name) {
                case '_instance':
                    break;
                case '_controllerDir':
                case '_invokeParams':
                    $this->{$name} = array();
                    break;
                case '_plugins':
                    $this->{$name} = new Zend_Controller_Plugin_Broker();
                    break;
                case '_throwExceptions':
                case '_returnResponse':
                    $this->{$name} = false;
                    break;
                case '_moduleControllerDirectoryName':
                    $this->{$name} = 'controllers';
                    break;
                default:
                    $this->{$name} = null;
                    break;
            }
        }
        Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker::resetHelpers();
    }

    public static function run($controllerDirectory)
    {
        self::getInstance()
            ->setControllerDirectory($controllerDirectory)
            ->dispatch();
    }
    public function addControllerDirectory($directory, $module = null)
    {
        $this->getDispatcher()->addControllerDirectory($directory, $module);
        return $this;
    }
    public function setControllerDirectory($directory, $module = null)
    {
        $this->getDispatcher()->setControllerDirectory($directory, $module);
        return $this;
    }
    public function getControllerDirectory($name = null)
    {
        return $this->getDispatcher()->getControllerDirectory($name);
    }
    public function removeControllerDirectory($module)
    {
        return $this->getDispatcher()->removeControllerDirectory($module);
    }
    public function addModuleDirectory($path)
    {
        try{
            $dir = new DirectoryIterator($path);
        } catch(Exception $e) {
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Exception.php';
            throw new Zend_Controller_Exception("Directory $path not readable", 0, $e);
        }
        foreach ($dir as $file) {
            if ($file->isDot() || !$file->isDir()) {
                continue;
            }

            $module    = $file->getFilename();

            // Don't use SCCS directories as modules
            if (preg_match('/^[^a-z]/i', $module) || ('CVS' == $module)) {
                continue;
            }

            $moduleDir = $file->getPathname() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $this->getModuleControllerDirectoryName();
            $this->addControllerDirectory($moduleDir, $module);
        }

        return $this;
    }
    public function getModuleDirectory($module = null)
    {
        if (null === $module) {
            $request = $this->getRequest();
            if (null !== $request) {
                $module = $this->getRequest()->getModuleName();
            }
            if (empty($module)) {
                $module = $this->getDispatcher()->getDefaultModule();
            }
        }

        $controllerDir = $this->getControllerDirectory($module);

        if ((null === $controllerDir) || !is_string($controllerDir)) {
            return null;
        }

        return dirname($controllerDir);
    }
    public function setModuleControllerDirectoryName($name = 'controllers')
    {
        $this->_moduleControllerDirectoryName = (string) $name;

        return $this;
    }
    public function getModuleControllerDirectoryName()
    {
        return $this->_moduleControllerDirectoryName;
    }
    public function setDefaultControllerName($controller)
    {
        $dispatcher = $this->getDispatcher();
        $dispatcher->setDefaultControllerName($controller);
        return $this;
    }
    public function getDefaultControllerName()
    {
        return $this->getDispatcher()->getDefaultControllerName();
    }
    public function setDefaultAction($action)
    {
        $dispatcher = $this->getDispatcher();
        $dispatcher->setDefaultAction($action);
        return $this;
    }
    public function getDefaultAction()
    {
        return $this->getDispatcher()->getDefaultAction();
    }
    public function setDefaultModule($module)
    {
        $dispatcher = $this->getDispatcher();
        $dispatcher->setDefaultModule($module);
        return $this;
    }
    public function getDefaultModule()
    {
        return $this->getDispatcher()->getDefaultModule();
    }
    public function setRequest($request)
    {
        
        ...........................
        return $this;
    } 
    public function getRequest()
    {
        return $this->_request;
    } 
    public function setRouter($router)
    {
        ....................

        return $this;
    } 
    public function getRouter()
    {
       ..................
        return $this->_router;
    }
    public function setBaseUrl($base = null)
    {
       ..............
        return $this;
    }
    public function getBaseUrl()
    { 
        return $this->_baseUrl;
    }

    /**
     * Set the dispatcher object.  The dispatcher is responsible for
     * taking a Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Token object, instantiating the controller, and
     * call the action method of the controller.
     *
     * @param Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Interface $dispatcher
     * @return Zend_Controller_Front
     */
    public function setDispatcher(Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Interface $dispatcher)
    {
        $this->_dispatcher = $dispatcher;
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Return the dispatcher object.
     *
     * @return Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Interface
     */
    public function getDispatcher()
    {
        /**
         * Instantiate the default dispatcher if one was not set.
         */
        if (!$this->_dispatcher instanceof Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Interface) {
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Dispatcher/Standard.php';
            $this->_dispatcher = new Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Standard();
        }
        return $this->_dispatcher;
    }
 
    public function setResponse($response)
    {..................

        return $this;
    }
 
    public function getResponse()
    {
        return $this->_response;
    } 
    public function setParam($name, $value)
    {
        $name = (string) $name;
        $this->_invokeParams[$name] = $value;
        return $this;
    }
 
    public function setParams(array $params)
    {
        $this->_invokeParams = array_merge($this->_invokeParams, $params);
        return $this;
    } 
    public function getParam($name)
    {
        if(isset($this->_invokeParams[$name])) {
            return $this->_invokeParams[$name];
        }

        return null;
    } 
    public function getParams()
    {
        return $this->_invokeParams;
    } 
    public function clearParams($name = null)
    {
        if (null === $name) {
            $this->_invokeParams = array();
        } elseif (is_string($name) && isset($this->_invokeParams[$name])) {
            unset($this->_invokeParams[$name]);
        } elseif (is_array($name)) {
            foreach ($name as $key) {
                if (is_string($key) && isset($this->_invokeParams[$key])) {
                    unset($this->_invokeParams[$key]);
                }
            }
        }

        return $this;
    }
 
    public function registerPlugin(Zend_Controller_Plugin_Abstract $plugin, $stackIndex = null)
    {
        $this->_plugins->registerPlugin($plugin, $stackIndex);
        return $this;
    } 
    public function unregisterPlugin($plugin)
    {
        $this->_plugins->unregisterPlugin($plugin);
        return $this;
    } 
    public function hasPlugin($class)
    {
        return $this->_plugins->hasPlugin($class);
    } 
    public function getPlugin($class)
    {
        return $this->_plugins->getPlugin($class);
    } 
    public function getPlugins()
    {
        return $this->_plugins->getPlugins();
    } 
    public function throwExceptions($flag = null)
    {
        .....................

        return $this->_throwExceptions;
    }
 
    public function returnResponse($flag = null)
    {
        ................
        return $this->_returnResponse;
    }

    /**
     * Dispatch an HTTP request to a controller/action.
     *
     * @param Zend_Controller_Request_Abstract|null $request
     * @param Zend_Controller_Response_Abstract|null $response
     * @return void|Zend_Controller_Response_Abstract Returns response object if returnResponse() is true
     */
    public function dispatch(Zend_Controller_Request_Abstract $request = null, Zend_Controller_Response_Abstract $response = null)
    {
        if (!$this->getParam('noErrorHandler') && !$this->_plugins->hasPlugin('Zend_Controller_Plugin_ErrorHandler')) {
            // Register with stack index of 100
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Plugin/ErrorHandler.php';
            $this->_plugins->registerPlugin(new Zend_Controller_Plugin_ErrorHandler(), 100);
        }

        if (!$this->getParam('noViewRenderer') && !Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker::hasHelper('viewRenderer')) {
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Action/Helper/ViewRenderer.php';
            Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker::getStack()->offsetSet(-80, new Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer());
        }

        /**
         * Instantiate default request object (HTTP version) if none provided
         */
        if (null !== $request) {
            $this->setRequest($request);
        } elseif ((null === $request) && (null === ($request = $this->getRequest()))) {
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Request/Http.php';
            $request = new Zend_Controller_Request_Http();
            $this->setRequest($request);
        }

        /**
         * Set base URL of request object, if available
         */
        if (is_callable(array($this->_request, 'setBaseUrl'))) {
            if (null !== $this->_baseUrl) {
                $this->_request->setBaseUrl($this->_baseUrl);
            }
        }

        /**
         * Instantiate default response object (HTTP version) if none provided
         */
        if (null !== $response) {
            $this->setResponse($response);
        } elseif ((null === $this->_response) && (null === ($this->_response = $this->getResponse()))) {
            require_once 'Zend/Controller/Response/Http.php';
            $response = new Zend_Controller_Response_Http();
            $this->setResponse($response);
        }

        /**
         * Register request and response objects with plugin broker
         */
        $this->_plugins
             ->setRequest($this->_request)
             ->setResponse($this->_response);

        /**
         * Initialize router
         */
        $router = $this->getRouter();
        $router->setParams($this->getParams());

        /**
         * Initialize dispatcher
         */
        $dispatcher = $this->getDispatcher();
        $dispatcher->setParams($this->getParams())
                   ->setResponse($this->_response);

        // Begin dispatch
        try {
            /**
             * Route request to controller/action, if a router is provided
             */

            /**
            * Notify plugins of router startup
            */
            $this->_plugins->routeStartup($this->_request);

            try {
                $router->route($this->_request);
            }  catch (Exception $e) {
                if ($this->throwExceptions()) {
                    throw $e;
                }

                $this->_response->setException($e);
            }

            /**
            * Notify plugins of router completion
            */
            $this->_plugins->routeShutdown($this->_request);

            /**
             * Notify plugins of dispatch loop startup
             */
            $this->_plugins->dispatchLoopStartup($this->_request);

            /**
             *  Attempt to dispatch the controller/action. If the $this->_request
             *  indicates that it needs to be dispatched, move to the next
             *  action in the request.
             */
            do {
                $this->_request->setDispatched(true);

                /**
                 * Notify plugins of dispatch startup
                 */
                $this->_plugins->preDispatch($this->_request);

                /**
                 * Skip requested action if preDispatch() has reset it
                 */
                if (!$this->_request->isDispatched()) {
                    continue;
                }

                /**
                 * Dispatch request
                 */
                try {
                    $dispatcher->dispatch($this->_request, $this->_response);
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    if ($this->throwExceptions()) {
                        throw $e;
                    }
                    $this->_response->setException($e);
                }

                /**
                 * Notify plugins of dispatch completion
                 */
                $this->_plugins->postDispatch($this->_request);
            } while (!$this->_request->isDispatched());
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            if ($this->throwExceptions()) {
                throw $e;
            }

            $this->_response->setException($e);
        }

        /**
         * Notify plugins of dispatch loop completion
         */
        try {
            $this->_plugins->dispatchLoopShutdown();
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            if ($this->throwExceptions()) {
                throw $e;
            }

            $this->_response->setException($e);
        }

        if ($this->returnResponse()) {
            return $this->_response;
        }

        $this->_response->sendResponse();
    }
}

以上对Zend_Controller_Front和Zend_Controller_Dispatcher做了简单的标记，通过分析代码不难看出，基本的运行机制。

分发发生在前端控制器中的一个循环（loop）中。分发之前，前端控制器通过路由请求，找到用户指定的模块、控制器、动作和可选参数。然后进入分发循环，分发请求。

分发器需要大量数据完成任务——它需要知道如何格式化控制器和动作的名称，到哪儿找到控制器类文件，模块名是否有效，以及基于其它可用信息判定请求是否能分发的API。

每次迭代（iteration）过程开始时，在请求对象中设置一个标志指示该动作已分发。如果在动作或者前/后分发（pre/postDispatch）插件重置了该标志，分发循环将继续下去并试图分发新的请求。通过改变请求中的控制器或者动作并重置已分发标志，开发人员可以定制执行一个请求链。

控制这种分发过程的动作控制器方法是_forward()；在任意的pre/postDispatch()或者动作中调用该方法，并传入动作、控制器、模块、以及可选的附加参数，就可以进入新的动作。

自定义分发器

Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Interface定义了下列所有分发器需要实现的方法。
不过大多数情况下，只需要简单地扩展抽象类Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Abstract，其中已经定义好了上面的大部分方法。或者扩展Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Standard类，基于标准分发器来修改功能。
需要子类化分发器的可能原因包括：期望在动作控制器中使用不同的类和方法命名模式，或者期望使用不同的分发方式，比如分发到控制器目录下的动作文件，而不是控制器类的动作方法。

coder

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Zend Framework教程-Zend_Controller_Dispatcher分发器

分发器的具体实现 Zend Framework的分发器Zend_Controller_Dispatcher设计主要有，如下类和接口组成：├── Dispatcher│ ├── Abstract.php│ ├── Exception.php│ ├── Interface.php│ └── Standard.phpZend_Controller_Dispatc
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