http://blog.csdn.net/fangxing80/article/details/6438762
最近开始学习 Android,为了更快上手于是给自己找个小课题来练习一下: WCF作为服务端开放RESTful Service,Android作为客户端将手机上的短信传给服务端显示,并轮询服务端是否有发送的短信取回并发送。(在电脑前就可以浏览即时的短信并能快速回复,呵呵还是挺有意思的)。先上几张图:
1. 客户端:(咦?怎么还用android1.5?没办法现在手机是1.5的,为了在真机上发布凑合用吧:))
2. 服务端:
其中涉及到的知识点如下:(恩文章标题有点跑偏了,其实大头在Android端。。。)
1. 服务端:
(1) RESTful WCF 如何作成 Winform Host
(2) WCF 服务在 Winform Host 如何与服务端的UI进行数据交互
2. 客户端:
(1) Android Timer 的应用
(2) Android Http 的交互
(3) Android Json数据的序列化/反序列化
(4) Android 短信拦截器的使用
(5) Android Sqlite 查询
服务端
(1) RESTful WCF 如何作成 Winform Host
首先Binding 选择 webHttpBinding 使用 WebGetAttribute 或 WebInvokeAttribute 特性对各个服务操作进行批注。这定义了从 URI 和 HTTP 方法到服务操作之间的映射,还定义了用于调用操作和返回结果的消息格式。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
- <configuration>
- <system.web>
- <compilation debug="true" />
- </system.web>
- <system.serviceModel>
- <services>
- <service name="WCFRestHost.SmsService" behaviorConfiguration="default">
- <endpoint address="" binding="webHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration=""
- contract="WCFRestHost.SmsService">
- </endpoint>
- <host>
- <baseAddresses>
- <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8732/RestWcfSMSSvc" />
- </baseAddresses>
- </host>
- </service>
- </services>
- <behaviors>
- <serviceBehaviors>
- <behavior name="default">
- <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
- <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False" />
- </behavior>
- </serviceBehaviors>
- </behaviors>
- </system.serviceModel>
- </configuration>
(2) WCF 服务在 Winform Host 如何与服务端的UI进行数据交互
服务端代码,没什么特别的。一开始考虑用socket,但是socket自己维护双工通信太麻烦了,于是想到了WCF,在Winform Host下发布一个RESTful WCF服务,而作为客户端的Android实现Http通信也不是什么难事,服务端直接反序列化成服务端对象编码很便利。
WCF服务里公开一个static的BindingList<SmsData>作为短信容器(Tip:使用BindingList<T>可以使得数据源变化立即反映到UI上,相比之下List<T>可以说只是Oneway的容器),PC端可以通过UI往里添加要发送的短信,客户端则轮询取出要发送的短信进行发送;当客户端收到短信则通过WCF往容器里放入一条短信对象。 流程比较简单,大家一看就明白啦。
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Runtime.Serialization;
- using System.ServiceModel;
- using System.Text;
- using System.ServiceModel.Web;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- namespace WCFRestHost
- {
- [ServiceContract]
- [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode=InstanceContextMode.Single)]
- public class SmsService
- {
- static SmsService()
- {
- SmsList = new BindingList<SmsData>();
- }
- public static BindingList<SmsData> SmsList
- {
- get;
- private set;
- }
- public static event Action<SmsData> OnSmsRecieved;
- public static void AddData(SmsData data)
- {
- lock (SmsList)
- {
- SmsList.Add(data);
- }
- }
- [OperationContract]
- [WebInvoke(UriTemplate="SetData", Method="POST", RequestFormat=WebMessageFormat.Json)]
- public void SetData(SmsData data)
- {
- var ctx = WebOperationContext.Current;
- data.SmsTime = DateTime.Now.ToString("MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
- //SmsList.Add(data);
- if (OnSmsRecieved != null)
- OnSmsRecieved(data);
- ctx.OutgoingResponse.StatusCode = System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK;
- }
- [OperationContract]
- [WebGet(UriTemplate = "GetData", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
- public SmsData GetData()
- {
- var ctx = WebOperationContext.Current;
- var data = SmsList.FirstOrDefault(sms => sms.State == 1);
- if (data != null)
- {
- data.State = 2;
- data.SmsTime = DateTime.Now.ToString("MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
- }
- ctx.OutgoingResponse.StatusCode = System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK;
- return data;
- }
- }
- public class SmsData
- {
- public string Phone { get; set; }
- public string Content { get; set; }
- public string SmsTime { get; set; }
- public string Name { get; set; }
- // 0: recieved 1: presend 2: send
- public int State { get; set; }
- }
- }
其次,ServiceHost 选择 WebServiceHost 类来承载利用 REST 编程模型的服务。即支持REST风格的Http Uri到服务方法的映射。另外,在 Winform 中 Host 为了让WCF 服务的通信不影响 UI 线程,需要为 WebServiceHost 单独创建线程。
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
- using System.ServiceModel;
- using System.Threading;
- namespace WCFRestHost
- {
- public class ThreadedServiceHost<T> : IDisposable where T : ServiceHostBase
- {
- const int SleepTime = 100;
- private ServiceHostBase _serviceHost = null;
- private Thread _thread;
- private bool _isRunning;
- public ThreadedServiceHost(Type serviceType)
- {
- _serviceHost = (ServiceHostBase)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(T), new object[] { serviceType });
- _thread = new Thread(ThreadMethod);
- }
- void ThreadMethod()
- {
- try
- {
- _isRunning = true;
- _serviceHost.Open();
- while (_isRunning)
- {
- Thread.Sleep(SleepTime);
- }
- _serviceHost.Close();
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- if (_serviceHost != null)
- {
- _serviceHost.Close();
- }
- }
- }
- public void Open()
- {
- _thread.Start();
- }
- public void Stop()
- {
- lock (this)
- {
- _isRunning = false;
- }
- }
- public void Dispose()
- {
- Stop();
- }
- }
- }
服务端UI:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Drawing;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- using System.ServiceModel.Web;
- namespace WCFRestHost
- {
- public partial class frmMain : Form
- {
- public frmMain()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- }
- private ThreadedServiceHost<WebServiceHost> _threadHost;
- private void frmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- _threadHost = new ThreadedServiceHost<WebServiceHost>(typeof(SmsService));
- _threadHost.Open();
- tssStatus.Text = "Listener is opening ...";
- SmsService.OnSmsRecieved += new Action<SmsData>(SmsService_OnSmsRecieved);
- DataBind();
- }
- void SmsService_OnSmsRecieved(SmsData obj)
- {
- Action<SmsData> addData = d => SmsService.AddData(d);
- dgvSms.Invoke(addData, obj);
- }
- private void DataBind()
- {
- dgvSms.DataSource = SmsService.SmsList;
- dgvSms.ClearSelection();
- txtPhone.DataBindings.Add("Text", SmsService.SmsList, "Phone");
- txtTime.DataBindings.Add("Text", SmsService.SmsList, "SmsTime");
- txtContent.DataBindings.Add("Text", SmsService.SmsList, "Content");
- }
- private void frmMain_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
- {
- if (_threadHost != null)
- _threadHost.Stop();
- }
- private void btnQuit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- this.Close();
- }
- private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- var smsForm = new SendSms();
- smsForm.ShowDialog();
- //DataBind();
- }
- private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- SmsService.SmsList.Add(new SmsData { Phone = "1" });
- }
- }
- }
注意:当收到短信时直接添加到BindingList<SmsData>中时会导致"跨线程更新UI的错误",因为WCF服务实际在子线程中,所以添加SmsData的操作必须使用Control.Invoke 进行调用,但是又不想把UI的引用直接交给WCF服务。。。呵呵,使用事件机制就可以很好的解决这一问题,让服务通知UI有新数据并让UI自己取添加数据。可以看到上面的服务代码中,公开了一个OnSmsRecieved事件。这样UI端监听这个事件,再使用 Control.Invoke 调用 AddData 方法。怎么样是不是很简单?不过每条短信是花1毛钱的T_T
OK,接下来介绍下android端的代码: WCF 实例 —— Android 短信助手 (WCF + Android) (2)