安卓加固基础(一)
1.Dex字符串加密
1.1 前序
Android应用当中,很多隐私信息都是以字符串的形式存在的。这些隐私信息是明文,对于软件来说是想当不安全的,如果我们能在打包时对Dex中的字符串加密替换,并在运行时调用解密,这样就能够避免字符串明文存在于Dex中。虽然,无法完全避免被破解,但是加大了逆向提取信息的难度,安全性无疑提高了很多。
1.2 字符串加密方法简介
目前市面上主要存在两种字符串加密方式:
(1)在开发阶段开发者使用加密后的字符串然后手动调用解密,这种方法工程量太大了,缺点很明显。
(2)编译后修改字节码,然后再动态植入加密后的字符串,最后让其自动调用进行解密,这里重点分析的是第二种。
1.3 强大的工具字符串加密工具StringFog
1.3.1 环境配置和运行效果
工具:
(1)AS版本3.5.0
(2)StringFog配置方法:https://github.com/MegatronKing/StringFog
(3)反编译工具 jeb3
代码(MainActivity.java):
package com.example.testdex;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate (savedInstanceState);
setContentView (R.layout.activity_main);
String str ="Stringfog"; //这是加密字符串
}
}
jeb3反编译的效果(MainActivity.java):
package com.example.testdex;
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
public MainActivity() {
super();
}
protected void onCreate(Bundle arg2) {
super.onCreate(arg2);
this.setContentView(0x7F09001C);
StringFog.decrypt("GxEeBQFHMQAV"); //显然"StringFog"被加密了
}
}
1.3.2 StringFog加密原理分析
首先看加密的方法:StringFog采用的是base64+xor(异或)算法
import java.util.Base64;
public class StringFog {
private static byte[] xor(byte[] data, String key) { //异或算法
int len = data.length;
int lenKey = key.length();
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
while (i < len) {
if (j >= lenKey) {
j = 0;
}
data[i] = (byte) (data[i] ^ key.charAt(j));
i++;
j++;
}
return data;
}
public static String encode(String data, String key) {
return new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(xor(data.getBytes(), key)));
//调用base64加密包
}
public static String decode(String data, String key) {
return new String(xor(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data), key));
//调用base64解密包
}
按照安卓程序加密的字符串测试:
public static void main(String[] args) {
String test = encode("Stringfog","Hello World");
System.out.println(test);
}
输出结果为:
显然跟jeb3里面看到的一样。
ps:Base64 packge 下载地址:http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-codec/download_codec.cgi 下载后导入commons-codec-1.14.jar包
1.3.2 StringFog加密原理分析
StringFog实际上是操作了class文件,编译class文件的字节码文件,发现如果都是字符串常量的话,指令都为LDC
****************************************************************************
[root@iZbp1dubkpj5g938jakcouZ ~]# javac Hello.java
[root@iZbp1dubkpj5g938jakcouZ ~]# javap -c Hello
Compiled from "Hello.java"
public class Hello {
public Hello();
Code:
0: aload_0
1: invokespecial #1 // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
4: return
public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
Code:
0: ldc #2 // String This is a String!
2: astore_1
3: return
}
那么我们可以借助asm库拦截方法中的每条LDC指令,然后插入该指令即可
总结:字符串加密方法能够较为有效的阻止他人通过字符串搜素定位代码,但是不能防止Hook,总而言之,这只是一个比较普通的混淆方法
2.资源加密
java代码将png图片加密:
package cn.zzh;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
public class pngEncrypt {
public static void main(String[] args){
//调用加密方法
KMD.encrypt("f://1.png");
}
//加密后,会在原图片的路径下生成加密后的图片
public static void encrypt(String filePath){
byte[] tempbytes = new byte[5000];
try {
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(filePath);
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filePath.subSequence(0, filePath.lastIndexOf("."))+"2.png");
while (in.read(tempbytes) != -1) {
byte a = tempbytes[0];
tempbytes[0] = tempbytes[1]; //将第一个字符和第二个字符交换
tempbytes[1] = a;
out.write(tempbytes);//写文件
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
使用winhex查看发现:
变成了:
然后我们只需要在AS中将编写解密代码即可:
下面是一个简单的测试demo:
(1)建立asserts文件,将加密的12.png文件放进去
(2)代码编写:
package com.example.testdex;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.AssetManager;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate (savedInstanceState);
setContentView (R.layout.activity_main);
Bitmap bitmap= getImageFromAssets(this,"12.png");//图片资源加密
if(bitmap != null) {
//imageView.setImage(ImageSource.bitmap(bitmap));
Toast.makeText (this, "图片解密成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show ();
} else {
// Log.i(TAG,"图片为空");
Toast.makeText (this, "图片解密失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show ();
}
}
public Bitmap getImageFromAssets(Context context, String fileName) {
Bitmap image = null;
AssetManager am = context.getResources().getAssets();
try {
InputStream is = am.open(fileName);
byte[] buffer = new byte[1500000];//记得要足够大
is.read(buffer);
for(int i=0; i<buffer.length; i+= 5000){//和加密相同
byte temp = buffer[i];
buffer[i] = buffer[i+1];
buffer[i+1] = temp;
}
image = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
if (is!=null){
is.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return image;
}
}
测试结果:
此时,我们打开apk查看assert文件时依然无法看到有用的文件
ps:同时我们还可以进行资源路径混淆,详情见:https://github.com/shwenzhang/AndResGuard/blob/master/README.zh-cn.md
3.对抗反编译
3.1类名混淆
现在的反编译工具都太先进了,很多纯粹的对抗反编译技术都不在适应了,
但是我们可以将类名进行混淆:
gradle版本在3.4以下时我们使用proguard-rules.pro进行混淆,达到3.4以上时我们使用R8穿插一些proguard规则进行混淆
下面重点研究的是3.4以上版本的情况:
官方文档:https://developer.android.com/studio/build/shrink-code?hl=zh-cn
通用教程:https://www.jianshu.com/p/65027e18c2fe
混淆规则(如下):
#############################################
#
# 对于一些基本指令的添加
#
#############################################
# 代码混淆压缩比,在0~7之间,默认为5,一般不做修改
-optimizationpasses 5
# 混合时不使用大小写混合,混合后的类名为小写
-dontusemixedcaseclassnames
# 指定不去忽略非公共库的类
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses
# 这句话能够使我们的项目混淆后产生映射文件
# 包含有类名->混淆后类名的映射关系
-verbose
# 指定不去忽略非公共库的类成员
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclassmembers
# 不做预校验,preverify是proguard的四个步骤之一,Android不需要preverify,去掉这一步能够加快混淆速度。
-dontpreverify
# 保留Annotation不混淆
-keepattributes *Annotation*,InnerClasses
# 避免混淆泛型
-keepattributes Signature
# 抛出异常时保留代码行号
-keepattributes SourceFile,LineNumberTable
# 指定混淆是采用的算法,后面的参数是一个过滤器
# 这个过滤器是谷歌推荐的算法,一般不做更改
-optimizations !code/simplification/cast,!field/*,!class/merging/*
#############################################
#
# Android开发中一些需要保留的公共部分
#
#############################################
# 保留我们使用的四大组件,自定义的Application等等这些类不被混淆
# 因为这些子类都有可能被外部调用
-keep public class * extends android.app.Activity
-keep public class * extends android.app.Appliction
-keep public class * extends android.app.Service
-keep public class * extends android.content.BroadcastReceiver
-keep public class * extends android.content.ContentProvider
-keep public class * extends android.app.backup.BackupAgentHelper
-keep public class * extends android.preference.Preference
-keep public class * extends android.view.View
-keep public class com.android.vending.licensing.ILicensingService
# 保留support下的所有类及其内部类
-keep class android.support.** {*;}
# 保留继承的
-keep public class * extends android.support.v4.**
-keep public class * extends android.support.v7.**
-keep public class * extends android.support.annotation.**
# 保留R下面的资源
-keep class **.R$* {*;}
# 保留本地native方法不被混淆
-keepclasseswithmembernames class * {
native <methods>;
}
# 保留在Activity中的方法参数是view的方法,
# 这样以来我们在layout中写的onClick就不会被影响
-keepclassmembers class * extends android.app.Activity{
public void *(android.view.View);
}
# 保留枚举类不被混淆
-keepclassmembers enum * {
public static **[] values();
public static ** valueOf(java.lang.String);
}
# 保留我们自定义控件(继承自View)不被混淆
-keep public class * extends android.view.View{
*** get*();
void set*(***);
public <init>(android.content.Context);
public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet);
public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int);
}
# 保留Parcelable序列化类不被混淆
-keep class * implements android.os.Parcelable {
public static final android.os.Parcelable$Creator *;
}
# 保留Serializable序列化的类不被混淆
-keepclassmembers class * implements java.io.Serializable {
static final long serialVersionUID;
private static final java.io.ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields;
!static !transient <fields>;
!private <fields>;
!private <methods>;
private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream);
private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream);
java.lang.Object writeReplace();
java.lang.Object readResolve();
}
# 对于带有回调函数的onXXEvent、**On*Listener的,不能被混淆
-keepclassmembers class * {
void *(**On*Event);
void *(**On*Listener);
}
# webView处理,项目中没有使用到webView忽略即可
-keepclassmembers class fqcn.of.javascript.interface.for.webview {
public *;
}
-keepclassmembers class * extends android.webkit.webViewClient {
public void *(android.webkit.WebView, java.lang.String, android.graphics.Bitmap);
public boolean *(android.webkit.WebView, java.lang.String);
}
-keepclassmembers class * extends android.webkit.webViewClient {
public void *(android.webkit.webView, jav.lang.String);
}
3.2 so层混淆
这个之前已经写过了:
文档:函数混淆(JNI_Onload).note
链接:http://note.youdao.com/noteshare?id=f6add1ff6a6c4b78aac4a9e27fe390ed&sub=04FF4E2B1F504587A06C69F39C4DF22C
3.3 签名验证
3.3.1 在MainActivity.java中进行签名验证
package com.example.signatureverify;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.Signature;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.Locale;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate (savedInstanceState);
setContentView (R.layout.activity_main);
Context context =getApplicationContext ();
Toast.makeText (context, "我是正版", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show ();
String cert_sha1="59F8A6B86A367F0586F1A15DDDB63D75263C5D62"; // 通过调试提前获取apk的sha1签名
boolean is_org_app = false;
try {
is_org_app = isOrgApp(context,cert_sha1);
} catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace ();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace ();
}
if(!is_org_app){
android.os.Process.killProcess ((android.os.Process.myPid ()));
//如果签名不一致,说明程序被修改了,直接退出
}
}
//比较签名
private boolean isOrgApp(Context context, String cert_sha1) throws PackageManager.NameNotFoundException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
String current_sha1=getAppSha1(context);
current_sha1=current_sha1.replace (":","");
return cert_sha1.equals (current_sha1);
}
//生成sha1的签名
private String getAppSha1(Context context) throws PackageManager.NameNotFoundException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
PackageInfo info=context.getPackageManager ().getPackageInfo (context.getPackageName (),PackageManager.GET_SIGNATURES);
byte[] cert =info.signatures[0].toByteArray ();
MessageDigest md =MessageDigest.getInstance ("SHA1");
byte[] publicKey=md.digest (cert);
StringBuffer hexString =new StringBuffer ();
for(int i=0;i<publicKey.length;i++){
String appendString=Integer.toHexString (0xFF&publicKey[i]).toUpperCase(Locale.US);
if(appendString.length ()==1){
hexString.append("0");
}
hexString.append(appendString);//签名的格式是11:22,所以需要加上":"
hexString.append (":");
}
String result=hexString.toString ();
return result.substring (0,result.length ()-1);
}
}
完成程序后,使用AndroidKiller进行修改时,将"我是正版"字符串修改成"我是盗版",在运行程序时,程序会直接闪退
3.3.2 在So层中进行签名验证
MainActivity:
package com.example.jnisignatureverify;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.util.Locale;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
// Used to load the 'native-lib' library on application startup.
static {
System.loadLibrary("native-lib");
}
protected TextView appSignaturesTv;
protected TextView jniSignaturesTv;
protected Button checkBtn;
protected Button tokenBtn;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
super.setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initView();
appSignaturesTv.setText(getSha1Value(MainActivity.this));
jniSignaturesTv.setText(getSignaturesSha1(MainActivity.this));
}
private View.OnClickListener clickListener = new View.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
boolean result = checkSha1(MainActivity.this);
if(result){
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"验证通过",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}else{
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"验证不通过,请检查valid.cpp文件配置的sha1值",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
};
private View.OnClickListener tokenClickListener = new View.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String result = getToken(MainActivity.this,"12345");
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),result,Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
};
private void initView() {
appSignaturesTv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.app_signatures_tv);
jniSignaturesTv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.jni_signatures_tv);
checkBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.check_btn);
tokenBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.token_btn);
checkBtn.setOnClickListener(clickListener);
tokenBtn.setOnClickListener(tokenClickListener);
}
/**
* A native method that is implemented by the 'native-lib' native library,
* which is packaged with this application.
*/
public native String getSignaturesSha1(Context context);
public native boolean checkSha1(Context context);
public native String getToken(Context context,String userId);
//获取apk当前的签名
public String getSha1Value(Context context) {
try {
PackageInfo info = context.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(
context.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_SIGNATURES);
byte[] cert = info.signatures[0].toByteArray();
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
byte[] publicKey = md.digest(cert);
StringBuffer hexString = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < publicKey.length; i++) {
String appendString = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & publicKey[i])
.toUpperCase(Locale.US);
if (appendString.length() == 1)
hexString.append("0");
hexString.append(appendString);
}
String result = hexString.toString();
return result.substring(0, result.length());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
native-lib.cpp:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <jni.h>
#include <android/log.h>
#include <cstring>
#define TAG "jni-log"
#define LOGD(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG,TAG,__VA_ARGS__)
//签名信息
const char *app_sha1="59F8A6B86A367F0586F1A15DDDB63D75263C5D62";
const char hexcode[] = {'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F'};
char* getSha1(JNIEnv *env, jobject context_object){
//上下文对象
jclass context_class = env->GetObjectClass(context_object);
//反射获取PackageManager
jmethodID methodId = env->GetMethodID(context_class, "getPackageManager", "()Landroid/content/pm/PackageManager;");
jobject package_manager = env->CallObjectMethod(context_object, methodId);
if (package_manager == NULL) {
//LOGD("package_manager is NULL!!!");
return NULL;
}
//反射获取包名
methodId = env->GetMethodID(context_class, "getPackageName", "()Ljava/lang/String;");
jstring package_name = (jstring)env->CallObjectMethod(context_object, methodId);
if (package_name == NULL) {
//LOGD("package_name is NULL!!!");
return NULL;
}
env->DeleteLocalRef(context_class);
//获取PackageInfo对象
jclass pack_manager_class = env->GetObjectClass(package_manager);
methodId = env->GetMethodID(pack_manager_class, "getPackageInfo", "(Ljava/lang/String;I)Landroid/content/pm/PackageInfo;");
env->DeleteLocalRef(pack_manager_class);
jobject package_info = env->CallObjectMethod(package_manager, methodId, package_name, 0x40);
if (package_info == NULL) {
LOGD("getPackageInfo() is NULL!!!");
return NULL;
}
env->DeleteLocalRef(package_manager);
//获取签名信息
jclass package_info_class = env->GetObjectClass(package_info);
jfieldID fieldId = env->GetFieldID(package_info_class, "signatures", "[Landroid/content/pm/Signature;");
env->DeleteLocalRef(package_info_class);
jobjectArray signature_object_array = (jobjectArray)env->GetObjectField(package_info, fieldId);
if (signature_object_array == NULL) {
LOGD("signature is NULL!!!");
return NULL;
}
jobject signature_object = env->GetObjectArrayElement(signature_object_array, 0);
env->DeleteLocalRef(package_info);
//签名信息转换成sha1值
jclass signature_class = env->GetObjectClass(signature_object);
methodId = env->GetMethodID(signature_class, "toByteArray", "()[B");
env->DeleteLocalRef(signature_class);
jbyteArray signature_byte = (jbyteArray) env->CallObjectMethod(signature_object, methodId);
jclass byte_array_input_class=env->FindClass("java/io/ByteArrayInputStream");
methodId=env->GetMethodID(byte_array_input_class,"<init>","([B)V");
jobject byte_array_input=env->NewObject(byte_array_input_class,methodId,signature_byte);
jclass certificate_factory_class=env->FindClass("java/security/cert/CertificateFactory");
methodId=env->GetStaticMethodID(certificate_factory_class,"getInstance","(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/security/cert/CertificateFactory;");
jstring x_509_jstring=env->NewStringUTF("X.509");
jobject cert_factory=env->CallStaticObjectMethod(certificate_factory_class,methodId,x_509_jstring);
methodId=env->GetMethodID(certificate_factory_class,"generateCertificate",("(Ljava/io/InputStream;)Ljava/security/cert/Certificate;"));
jobject x509_cert=env->CallObjectMethod(cert_factory,methodId,byte_array_input);
env->DeleteLocalRef(certificate_factory_class);
jclass x509_cert_class=env->GetObjectClass(x509_cert);
methodId=env->GetMethodID(x509_cert_class,"getEncoded","()[B");
jbyteArray cert_byte=(jbyteArray)env->CallObjectMethod(x509_cert,methodId);
env->DeleteLocalRef(x509_cert_class);
jclass message_digest_class=env->FindClass("java/security/MessageDigest");
methodId=env->GetStaticMethodID(message_digest_class,"getInstance","(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/security/MessageDigest;");
jstring sha1_jstring=env->NewStringUTF("SHA1");
jobject sha1_digest=env->CallStaticObjectMethod(message_digest_class,methodId,sha1_jstring);
methodId=env->GetMethodID(message_digest_class,"digest","([B)[B");
jbyteArray sha1_byte=(jbyteArray)env->CallObjectMethod(sha1_digest,methodId,cert_byte);
env->DeleteLocalRef(message_digest_class);
//转换成char
jsize array_size=env->GetArrayLength(sha1_byte);
jbyte* sha1 =env->GetByteArrayElements(sha1_byte,NULL);
char *hex_sha=new char[array_size*2+1];
for (int i = 0; i <array_size ; ++i) {
hex_sha[2*i]=hexcode[((unsigned char)sha1[i])/16];
hex_sha[2*i+1]=hexcode[((unsigned char)sha1[i])%16];
}
hex_sha[array_size*2]='\0';
LOGD("hex_sha %s ",hex_sha);
return hex_sha;
}
jboolean checkValidity(JNIEnv *env,char *sha1){
//比较签名
if (strcmp(sha1,app_sha1)==0)
{
LOGD("验证成功");
return true;
}
LOGD("验证失败");
return false;
}
extern "C"
JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
Java_com_example_jnisignatureverify_MainActivity_getSignaturesSha1(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz,
jobject context) {
// TODO: implement getSignaturesSha1()
return env->NewStringUTF(app_sha1);
}extern "C"
JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
Java_com_example_jnisignatureverify_MainActivity_checkSha1(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz,
jobject contextObject) {
// TODO: implement checkSha1()
char *sha1 = getSha1(env,contextObject);
jboolean result = checkValidity(env,sha1);
return result;
}extern "C"
JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
Java_com_example_jnisignatureverify_MainActivity_getToken(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz,
jobject contextObject, jstring user_id) {
// TODO: implement getToken()
char *sha1 = getSha1(env,contextObject);
jboolean result = checkValidity(env,sha1);
if(result){
return env->NewStringUTF("获取Token成功");
}else{
return env->NewStringUTF("获取失败,请检查native-lib.cpp文件配置的sha1值");
}
}
activity_main.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_margin="16dp"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.example.jnisignatureverify.MainActivity">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="APP签名信息:"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/app_signatures_tv"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="jni配置的签名信息:"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/jni_signatures_tv"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>
<Button
android:id="@+id/check_btn"
android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
android:text="验证签名是否正确"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/token_btn"
android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
android:text="获取token"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>
4.反调试
4.1 思路一(一个进程最多只能被一个进程ptrace)
本文章主要针对安卓so反调试和最初的加壳方法进行了一下总结
在处于调试状态时,Linux会向/proc/pid/status写入一些进程状态信息,比如TracerPid字段会写入调试进程的pid,因此我们可以自己ptrace自己,然后让android_server不能调试
代码如下:
#include<sys/ptrace.h> //这个头文件很重要
void anti_debug01()
{
ptrace(PTRACE_TRACEME,0,0,0);
}
jint JNI_Onload(JavaVM* vm,void* reserved)
{
anti_debug01();
}
一旦开始调试,就会出现
反反调试思路:nop掉anti_debug01()函数调用
4.2检测Tracepid的值
根据第一种分析得出Tracepid的值只要不为0 就能说明进程正在被调试,因此我们只需要检测Tracepid的值是不是0,如果不为0,直接退出就行了
void anti_debug02()
{
try
{
const int bufsize =1024;
char filename[bufsize];
char line[bufsize];
int pid=getpid();
sprintf(filename,"/proc/%d/status",pid);
FILE* fd=fopen(filename,"r");
if(fd!=NULL)
{
while(fgets(line,bufsize,fd))
{
if(strncmp(line,"TracerPid",9)==0)
{
int statue = atoi(&line[10]); //atoi,将字符串转化为int
if(statue !=0)
{
fclose(fd);
int ret =kill(pid,SIGKILL);
}
break;
}
}
}
}
}
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
void* thread_function(void *arg){
int pid = getpid();
char file_name[20] = {'\0'};
sprintf(file_name,"proc/%d/status",pid);
char line_str[256];
int i = 0,traceid;
FILE *fp;
while(1){
i = 0;
fp = fopen(file_name,"r");
if(fp == NULL){
break;
}
while(!feof(fp)){
fgets(line_str,256,fp);
if(i == 5){
// traceid = getnumberfor_str(line_str);
traceid = atoi(&line_str[10]);
if(traceid > 0){
exit(0);
}
break;
}
i++;
}
fclose(fp);
sleep(5);
}
}
void create_thread_check_traceid(){
pthread_t thread_id;
int err = pthread_create(&thread_id,NULL,thread_function,NULL);
if(err != 0){
}
}
反反调试思路:使用IDA动态调试在函数调用前下断,对比当前TracerPid为4591,将TracerPid对应的寄存器修改为0,达到“0==0”的效果,绕开反调试。
5.自定义DexClassLoader
5.1 将壳dex放在待加密dex的外面
5.1.1 .原理
加密的工程中存在的三个加密对象
1.需要加密的APK(源APK)
2.壳程序APK
3.加密工具(负责将源APK进行加密和壳DEX合并成新的DEX)
5.1.2.DEX头文件的内容
字段名称 | 偏移值 | 长度 | 说明 |
---|---|---|---|
magic | 0x0 | 8 | 魔数字段,值为"dex\n035\0" |
checksum | 0x8 | 4 | 校验码 |
signature | 0xc | 20 | sha-1签名 |
file_size | 0x20 | 4 | dex文件总长度 |
header_size | 0x24 | 4 | 文件头长度,009版本=0x5c,035版本=0x70 |
endian_tag | 0x28 | 4 | 标示字节顺序的常量 |
link_size | 0x2c | 4 | 链接段的大小,如果为0就是静态链接 |
link_off | 0x30 | 4 | 链接段的开始位置 |
map_off | 0x34 | 4 | map数据基址 |
string_ids_size | 0x38 | 4 | 字符串列表中字符串个数 |
string_ids_off | 0x3c | 4 | 字符串列表基址 |
type_ids_size | 0x40 | 4 | 类列表里的类型个数 |
type_ids_off | 0x44 | 4 | 类列表基址 |
proto_ids_size | 0x48 | 4 | 原型列表里面的原型个数 |
proto_ids_off | 0x4c | 4 | 原型列表基址 |
field_ids_size | 0x50 | 4 | 字段个数 |
field_ids_off | 0x54 | 4 | 字段列表基址 |
method_ids_size | 0x58 | 4 | 方法个数 |
method_ids_off | 0x5c | 4 | 方法列表基址 |
class_defs_size | 0x60 | 4 | 类定义标中类的个数 |
class_defs_off | 0x64 | 4 | 类定义列表基址 |
data_size | 0x68 | 4 | 数据段的大小,必须4k对齐 |
data_off | 0x6c | 4 | 数据段基址 |
这里面需要注意的字段:
1.checksum文件校验码,使alder32算法校验文件除去magic,checksum外余下的所有文件区域,用于检查文件错误。
2.signature使用SHA-1算法hash除去magic,checksum和signature外余下的所有文件区域,用于唯一识别本文件。
3.file_Size Dex文件的大小。
4.在文件的最后,我们需要标注被加密的apk大小,因此需要增加4个字节。
关注的原因如下:
因为我们需要将一个文件(加密之后的源Apk)写入到Dex中,那么我们肯定需要修改文件校验码(checksum).因为他是检查文件是否有错误。那么signature也是一样,也是唯一识别文件的算法。还有就是需要修改dex文件的大小。
不过这里还需要一个操作,就是标注一下我们加密的Apk的大小,因为我们在脱壳的时候,需要知道Apk的大小,才能正确的得到Apk。那么这个值放到哪呢?这个值直接放到文件的末尾就可以了。
总的来说:我们需要做:修改Dex的三个文件头,将源Apk的大小追加到壳dex的末尾就可以了
根据上述修改后的dex文件样式如下
由原理可知这里需要进行三个步骤了:
1、自己编写一个源程序项目(需要加密的APK)
2、脱壳项目(解密源APK和加载APK)
3、对源APK进行加密和脱壳项目的DEX合并
5.1.3.项目实现
5.1.3.1源APK(待加密的apk)
命名为:SourceApk
MyApplication:
package com.example.sourceapk;
public class MyApplication extends Application {
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.i("demo", "source apk onCreate:" + this);
}
}
ps:MyApplication的作用:MyApplication类继承Application,查看源码我们知道,Application中有一个attachBaseContext方法,它在Application的onCreate方法执行前就会执行了,这个关键点为后面的加密程序做铺垫。
MainActivity:
package com.example.sourceapk;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
TextView content = new TextView(this);
content.setText("I am Source Apk");
content.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, SubActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
}});
setContentView(content);
Log.i("demo", "app:"+getApplicationContext());
}
}
就是源程序的一个主要类
SubActivity:
package com.example.sourceapk;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class SubActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
TextView content = new TextView(this);
content.setText("I am Source Apk SubMainActivity");
setContentView(content);
Log.i("demo", "app:"+getApplicationContext());
}
}
同MainActivity
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.sourceapk">
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:name="com.example.sourceapk.MyApplication" >
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name=".SubActivity" />
</application>
</manifest>
注意一定要加上android:name="com.example.sourceapk.MyApplication"
5.1.3.2加密APK(对加密后的源apk进行解密加载的apk)
ProxyActivity:
package com.example.packapk;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;
import java.util.zip.ZipInputStream;
import android.app.Application;
import android.app.Instrumentation;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.content.res.AssetManager;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.content.res.Resources.Theme;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.ArrayMap;
import android.util.Log;
import dalvik.system.DexClassLoader;
public class ProxyApplication extends Application{
private static final String appkey = "APPLICATION_CLASS_NAME";
private String apkFileName;
private String odexPath;
private String libPath;
// 这是context赋值
@Override
protected void attachBaseContext(Context base) {
super.attachBaseContext(base);
try {
// 创建两个文件夹payload_odex、payload_lib,私有的,可写的文件目录
File odex = this.getDir("payload_odex", MODE_PRIVATE);
File libs = this.getDir("payload_lib", MODE_PRIVATE);
odexPath = odex.getAbsolutePath();
libPath = libs.getAbsolutePath();
apkFileName = odex.getAbsolutePath() + "/payload.apk";
File dexFile = new File(apkFileName);
Log.i("demo", "apk size:"+dexFile.length());
if (!dexFile.exists())
{
dexFile.createNewFile(); //在payload_odex文件夹内,创建payload.apk
// 读取程序classes.dex文件
byte[] dexdata = this.readDexFileFromApk();
// 分离出解壳后的apk文件已用于动态加载
this.splitPayLoadFromDex(dexdata);
}
// 配置动态加载环境
Object currentActivityThread = RefInvoke.invokeStaticMethod(
"android.app.ActivityThread", "currentActivityThread",
new Class[] {}, new Object[] {});//获取主线程对象
String packageName = this.getPackageName();//当前apk的包名
ArrayMap mPackages = (ArrayMap) RefInvoke.getFieldOjbect(
"android.app.ActivityThread", currentActivityThread,
"mPackages");
WeakReference wr = (WeakReference) mPackages.get(packageName);
// 创建被加壳apk的DexClassLoader对象 加载apk内的类和本地代码(c/c++代码)
DexClassLoader dLoader = new DexClassLoader(apkFileName, odexPath,
libPath, (ClassLoader) RefInvoke.getFieldOjbect(
"android.app.LoadedApk", wr.get(), "mClassLoader"));
//把当前进程的mClassLoader设置成了被加壳apk的DexClassLoader
RefInvoke.setFieldOjbect("android.app.LoadedApk", "mClassLoader",
wr.get(), dLoader);
Log.i("demo","classloader:"+dLoader);
try{
Object actObj = dLoader.loadClass("com.example.sourceapk.MainActivity");
Log.i("demo", "actObj:"+actObj);
}catch(Exception e){
Log.i("demo", "activity:"+Log.getStackTraceString(e));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.i("demo", "error:"+Log.getStackTraceString(e));
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
{
//loadResources(apkFileName);
Log.i("demo", "onCreate");
// 如果源应用配置有Appliction对象,则替换为源应用Applicaiton,以便不影响源程序逻辑。
String appClassName = null;
try {
ApplicationInfo ai = this.getPackageManager()
.getApplicationInfo(this.getPackageName(),
PackageManager.GET_META_DATA);
Bundle bundle = ai.metaData;
if (bundle != null && bundle.containsKey("APPLICATION_CLASS_NAME")) {
appClassName = bundle.getString("APPLICATION_CLASS_NAME"); // className 是配置在xml文件中的。
} else {
Log.i("demo", "have no application class name");
return;
}
} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
Log.i("demo", "error:"+Log.getStackTraceString(e));
e.printStackTrace();
}
//有值的话调用该Applicaiton
Object currentActivityThread = RefInvoke.invokeStaticMethod(
"android.app.ActivityThread", "currentActivityThread",
new Class[] {}, new Object[] {});
Object mBoundApplication = RefInvoke.getFieldOjbect(
"android.app.ActivityThread", currentActivityThread,
"mBoundApplication");
Object loadedApkInfo = RefInvoke.getFieldOjbect(
"android.app.ActivityThread$AppBindData",
mBoundApplication, "info");
//把当前进程的mApplication 设置成了null
RefInvoke.setFieldOjbect("android.app.LoadedApk", "mApplication",
loadedApkInfo, null);
Object oldApplication = RefInvoke.getFieldOjbect(
"android.app.ActivityThread", currentActivityThread,
"mInitialApplication");
// http://www.codeceo.com/article/android-context.html
ArrayList<Application> mAllApplications = (ArrayList<Application>) RefInvoke
.getFieldOjbect("android.app.ActivityThread",
currentActivityThread, "mAllApplications");
mAllApplications.remove(oldApplication); // 删除oldApplication
ApplicationInfo appinfo_In_LoadedApk = (ApplicationInfo) RefInvoke
.getFieldOjbect("android.app.LoadedApk", loadedApkInfo,
"mApplicationInfo");
ApplicationInfo appinfo_In_AppBindData = (ApplicationInfo) RefInvoke
.getFieldOjbect("android.app.ActivityThread$AppBindData",
mBoundApplication, "appInfo");
appinfo_In_LoadedApk.className = appClassName;
appinfo_In_AppBindData.className = appClassName;
Application app = (Application) RefInvoke.invokeMethod(
"android.app.LoadedApk", "makeApplication", loadedApkInfo,
new Class[] { boolean.class, Instrumentation.class },
new Object[] { false, null }); // 执行 makeApplication(false,null)
RefInvoke.setFieldOjbect("android.app.ActivityThread",
"mInitialApplication", currentActivityThread, app);
ArrayMap mProviderMap = (ArrayMap) RefInvoke.getFieldOjbect(
"android.app.ActivityThread", currentActivityThread,
"mProviderMap");
Iterator it = mProviderMap.values().iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Object providerClientRecord = it.next();
Object localProvider = RefInvoke.getFieldOjbect(
"android.app.ActivityThread$ProviderClientRecord",
providerClientRecord, "mLocalProvider");
RefInvoke.setFieldOjbect("android.content.ContentProvider",
"mContext", localProvider, app);
}
Log.i("demo", "app:"+app);
app.onCreate();
}
}
/**
* 释放被加壳的apk文件,so文件
* @param data
* @throws IOException
*/
private void splitPayLoadFromDex(byte[] apkdata) throws IOException {
int ablen = apkdata.length;
//取被加壳apk的长度 这里的长度取值,对应加壳时长度的赋值都可以做些简化
byte[] dexlen = new byte[4];
System.arraycopy(apkdata, ablen - 4, dexlen, 0, 4);
ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(dexlen);
DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(bais);
int readInt = in.readInt();
System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(readInt));
byte[] newdex = new byte[readInt];
//把被加壳的源程序apk内容拷贝到newdex中
System.arraycopy(apkdata, ablen - 4 - readInt, newdex, 0, readInt);
//这里应该加上对于apk的解密操作,若加壳是加密处理的话
// 对源程序Apk进行解密
newdex = decrypt(newdex);
// 写入apk文件
File file = new File(apkFileName);
try {
FileOutputStream localFileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
localFileOutputStream.write(newdex);
localFileOutputStream.close();
} catch (IOException localIOException) {
throw new RuntimeException(localIOException);
}
// 分析被加壳的apk文件
ZipInputStream localZipInputStream = new ZipInputStream(
new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file)));
while (true) {
ZipEntry localZipEntry = localZipInputStream.getNextEntry(); // 这个也遍历子目录
if (localZipEntry == null) {
localZipInputStream.close();
break;
}
// 取出被加壳apk用到的so文件,放到libPath中(data/data/包名/payload_lib)
String name = localZipEntry.getName();
if (name.startsWith("lib/") && name.endsWith(".so")) {
File storeFile = new File(libPath + "/"
+ name.substring(name.lastIndexOf('/')));
storeFile.createNewFile();
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(storeFile);
byte[] arrayOfByte = new byte[1024];
while (true) {
int i = localZipInputStream.read(arrayOfByte);
if (i == -1)
break;
fos.write(arrayOfByte, 0, i);
}
fos.flush();
fos.close();
}
localZipInputStream.closeEntry();
}
localZipInputStream.close();
}
/**
* 从apk包里面获取dex文件内容(byte)
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private byte[] readDexFileFromApk() throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream dexByteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ZipInputStream localZipInputStream = new ZipInputStream(
new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(
this.getApplicationInfo().sourceDir)));
while (true) {
ZipEntry localZipEntry = localZipInputStream.getNextEntry();
if (localZipEntry == null) {
localZipInputStream.close();
break;
}
if (localZipEntry.getName().equals("classes.dex")) {
byte[] arrayOfByte = new byte[1024];
while (true) {
int i = localZipInputStream.read(arrayOfByte);
if (i == -1)
break;
dexByteArrayOutputStream.write(arrayOfByte, 0, i);
}
}
localZipInputStream.closeEntry();
}
localZipInputStream.close();
return dexByteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
}
//直接返回数据,读者可以添加自己解密方法
private byte[] decrypt(byte[] srcdata) {
for(int i=0;i<srcdata.length;i++){
srcdata[i] = (byte)(0xFF ^ srcdata[i]);
}
return srcdata;
}
//以下是加载资源
protected AssetManager mAssetManager;//资源管理器
protected Resources mResources;//资源
protected Theme mTheme;//主题
protected void loadResources(String dexPath) {
try {
AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance();
Method addAssetPath = assetManager.getClass().getMethod("addAssetPath", String.class);
addAssetPath.invoke(assetManager, dexPath);
mAssetManager = assetManager;
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.i("inject", "loadResource error:"+Log.getStackTraceString(e));
e.printStackTrace();
}
Resources superRes = super.getResources();
superRes.getDisplayMetrics();
superRes.getConfiguration();
mResources = new Resources(mAssetManager, superRes.getDisplayMetrics(),superRes.getConfiguration());
mTheme = mResources.newTheme();
mTheme.setTo(super.getTheme());
}
@Override
public AssetManager getAssets() {
return mAssetManager == null ? super.getAssets() : mAssetManager;
}
@Override
public Resources getResources() {
return mResources == null ? super.getResources() : mResources;
}
@Override
public Theme getTheme() {
return mTheme == null ? super.getTheme() : mTheme;
}
}
RelInvoke(反射工具类):
package com.example.packapk;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
public class RefInvoke {
/**
* 反射执行类的静态函数(public)
* @param class_name 类名
* @param method_name 函数名
* @param pareTyple 函数的参数类型
* @param pareVaules 调用函数时传入的参数
* @return
*/
public static Object invokeStaticMethod(String class_name, String method_name, Class[] pareTyple, Object[] pareVaules){
try {
Class obj_class = Class.forName(class_name);
Method method = obj_class.getMethod(method_name,pareTyple);
return method.invoke(null, pareVaules);
} catch (SecurityException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 反射执行类的函数(public)
* @param class_name
* @param method_name
* @param obj
* @param pareTyple
* @param pareVaules
* @return
*/
public static Object invokeMethod(String class_name, String method_name, Object obj ,Class[] pareTyple, Object[] pareVaules){
try {
Class obj_class = Class.forName(class_name);
Method method = obj_class.getMethod(method_name,pareTyple);
return method.invoke(obj, pareVaules);
} catch (SecurityException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 反射得到类的属性(包括私有和保护)
* @param class_name
* @param obj
* @param filedName
* @return
*/
public static Object getFieldOjbect(String class_name,Object obj, String filedName){
try {
Class obj_class = Class.forName(class_name);
Field field = obj_class.getDeclaredField(filedName);
field.setAccessible(true);
return field.get(obj);
} catch (SecurityException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 反射得到类的静态属性(包括私有和保护)
* @param class_name
* @param filedName
* @return
*/
public static Object getStaticFieldOjbect(String class_name, String filedName){
try {
Class obj_class = Class.forName(class_name);
Field field = obj_class.getDeclaredField(filedName);
field.setAccessible(true);
return field.get(null);
} catch (SecurityException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 设置类的属性(包括私有和保护)
* @param classname
* @param filedName
* @param obj
* @param filedVaule
*/
public static void setFieldOjbect(String classname, String filedName, Object obj, Object filedVaule){
try {
Class obj_class = Class.forName(classname);
Field field = obj_class.getDeclaredField(filedName);
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(obj, filedVaule);
} catch (SecurityException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 设置类的静态属性(包括私有和保护)
* @param class_name
* @param filedName
* @param filedVaule
*/
public static void setStaticOjbect(String class_name, String filedName, Object filedVaule){
try {
Class obj_class = Class.forName(class_name);
Field field = obj_class.getDeclaredField(filedName);
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(null, filedVaule);
} catch (SecurityException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
分析:
1.首先通过java的反射,置换掉android.app.ActivityTread中的mClassLoader,作为加载解密出的APK的DexClassLoader,,该DexClassloader既加载了源程序,还以mClassLoader作为其父类,使得资源文件和系统代码能正确的被加载
2.找到源程序的Application(即上面我们定义的MyApplication类),通过这个类,运行待加密APK的onCreate方法,达到运行的效果
代码解析:
- attachBaseContext方法:
- 得到壳程序APK中的DEX文件,然后从这个文件中得到源程序APK进行解密和加载
- 我们需要在壳程序还没有运行的时候,加载源程序APK,执行它的onCreate方法。而通过查看Application源码发现了attachBaseContext方法,它会在Application的onCreate方法执行前执行
- 我们注意到attachBaseContext方法中,进行了dex文件的分离,通过该将加壳dex中的源dex和源so文件分离出来,进行解密操作后,将他们放到相应的位置
- onCreate方法:
- 通过java反射,找到源程序的Application类,然后运行
加密程序的AndroidManifest文件也一定要添加上:
<meta-data android:name="APPLICATION_CLASS_NAME" android:value="com.example.sourceapk.MyApplication"/>
且其他的activity必须和源程序保持一致性
例如:源程序为:
<activity
android:name="com.example.sourceapk.MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name="com.example.sourceapk.SubActivity"></activity>
那么加密程序必须和其一模一样
5.1.3.3加密工具(使用java语言编写,eclipse运行,也可以是其他的脚本语言)
需要源程序apk和加密程序apk的dex文件
package com.example.packdex;
public class mymain {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
File payloadSrcFile = new File("files/SourceApk.apk"); // 需要加壳的源程序
System.out.println("apk size:"+payloadSrcFile.length());
File packDexFile = new File("files/SourceApk.dex"); // 壳程序dex
byte[] payloadArray = encrpt(readFileBytes(payloadSrcFile)); // 以二进制形式读出源apk,并进行加密处理
byte[] packDexArray = readFileBytes(packDexFile); // 以二进制形式读出dex
/* 合并文件 */
int payloadLen = payloadArray.length;
int packDexLen = packDexArray.length;
int totalLen = payloadLen + packDexLen + 4; // 多出4字节是存放长度的
byte[] newdex = new byte[totalLen]; // 申请了新的长度
// 添加解壳代码
System.arraycopy(packDexArray, 0, newdex, 0, packDexLen); // 先拷贝dex内容
// 添加加密后的解壳数据
System.arraycopy(payloadArray, 0, newdex, packDexLen, payloadLen); // 再在dex内容后面拷贝apk的内容
// 添加解壳数据长度
System.arraycopy(intToByte(payloadLen), 0, newdex, totalLen-4, 4); // 最后4字节为长度
// 修改DEX file size文件头
fixFileSizeHeader(newdex);
// 修改DEX SHA1 文件头
fixSHA1Header(newdex);
// 修改DEX CheckSum文件头
fixCheckSumHeader(newdex);
String str = "files/classes.dex"; // 创建一个新文件
File file = new File(str);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.createNewFile();
}
FileOutputStream localFileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(str);
localFileOutputStream.write(newdex); // 将新计算出的二进制dex数据写入文件
localFileOutputStream.flush();
localFileOutputStream.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 直接返回数据,读者可以添加自己加密方法
private static byte[] encrpt(byte[] srcdata){
for (int i = 0; i < srcdata.length; i++) {
srcdata[i] = (byte)(0xFF ^ srcdata[i]);
}
return srcdata;
}
...
}
完成所有的操作后还需要把新的apk进行签名操作,否则会导致错误发生
脱壳操作简述:获取加壳所使用的加密算法,先进行解密操作,在使用010Editor等工具查看源apk的地址,进行dump获取源apk
github地址:https://github.com/lzh18972615051/AndroidShellCode