HTML+CSS_06-CSS样式选择器

CSS 颜色表示方法:

1 颜色名称表示 red gold

2 rgb 表示 rgb(255,0,0) 表示红色

3 16进制数值表示,比如 ##ff0000 表示红色,可以简写为 #f00

 

常用CSS选择器种类:

1 标签选择器 影响范围大,尽可能使用在层级选择器中 div{color:red} 会影响到下面的所有使用到该标签的内容

2 ID选择器 通过id名来选择元素,元素的id名称不能重复,所以一个样式设置项只能对于页面上一个元素,不能复用。id名一般给程序使用,所以不推荐使用id作为选择器 <div id="box">......</div>

3 类选择器 通过类名来选择元素,一个类可应用于多个元素,一个元素上也可以使用多个类,应用灵活,可复用,是css中应用场景最多的一种选择器  .red{color:red} 以点开头来定义,然后使用class属性来调用

4 层级选择器 主要应用在父元素下的子元素,或者子元素下面的子元素,可与标签元素结合使用,减少命名,同时也可以通过层级、防止命名冲突。.box span(color:red)    .box .red{color:red} .red{color:red}

5 组选择器 多个选择器,如果有同样的样式设置,可以使用组选择器

6 伪类及伪元素选择器 常用的伪类选择器有hover,表示鼠标悬浮在元素上时的状态,伪元素选择器有before和after,他们可以通过样式在元素中插入内容

 

 

定义所有标签里面的字体 不加限制 默认的字体大小

# 标签选择器 案例

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>test_style</title>

    <style type="text/css">

 

        *{

            font-size:100px;

        }

 

        div{

            <!--font-size:50px;-->

            <!--color:rgb(255,0,255);-->

            color:#ffff00;

            font-family:'Microsoft Yahei';

        }

 

    </style>

</head>

<body>

 

    <div>

        The secret of success is constancy of purpose.

    </div>

 

</body>

</html>

 

 

# id 选择器使用.html  id的名称不能重复

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>test_style</title>

    <style type="text/css">

 

        div{

            <!--font-size:50px;-->

            <!--color:rgb(255,0,255);-->

            color:#ffff00;

            font-family:'Microsoft Yahei';

        }

 

        #div1{

                color:blue;

        }

 

    </style>

</head>

<body>

 

    <div ID="div1">The secret of success is constancy of purpose.</div>

    <div ID="div1">The secret of success is constancy of purpose.</div>

    <div>The secret of success is constancy of purpose.</div>

 

</body>

</html>

 

 

# 类选择器案例  调用的时候 使用 class 即可

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>test_style</title>

    <style type="text/css">

        .green{

                color:green

        }

 

        .blue{

                color:blue

        }

 

    </style>

</head>

<body>

 

    <div id="div1" class="green">The secret of success is constancy of purpose.</div>

    <div id="div1" class="blue">The secret of success is constancy of purpose.</div>

    <div>The secret of success is constancy of purpose.</div>

 

</body>

</html>

 

# 层级选择器案例  class="blue big" 同时调用多个类选择器 类选择器用法灵活

 

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>test_style</title>

    <style type="text/css">

        .green{

                color:green

        }

 

        .blue{

                color:blue

        }

 

        .big{

                font-size:60px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

 

    <div id="div1" class="green">The secret of success is constancy of purpose.</div>

    <div id="div1" class="blue">The secret of success is constancy of purpose.</div>

    <div class="blue big">The secret of success is constancy of purpose.</div>

 

</body>

</html>

 

如果同时使用id选择器和类选择器,id选择器的权重大于类选择器

# 案例如下

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>test_style</title>

    <style type="text/css">

 

        #div1{

                color:red;

        }

 

        .green{

                color:green

        }

 

        .blue{

                color:blue

        }

 

        .big{

                font-size:60px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

 

    <div class="green" id="div1" >The secret of success is constancy of purpose.</div>

    <div id="div1" class="blue">The secret of success is constancy of purpose.</div>

    <div class="blue big">The secret of success is constancy of purpose.</div>

 

</body>

</html>

 

 

层级选择器 在类选择器下面带上其他的属性就能精确定位到想要的位置

 

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>test_style</title>

    <style type="text/css">

 

        .box span{

            color:red;

            font-weight:bold;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

 

<div class="box">The secret of success is <span>constancy</span> of purpose.</div>

 

</body>

</html>

 

 

 

多个类选择器之间可以嵌套 但是最多不建议超过四层

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>test_style</title>

    <style type="text/css">

 

        .box span{

            color:red;

            font-weight:bold;

        }

 

        .box em{

            font-style:normal;

            text-decoration:underline;

            font-weight:bold;

            color:pink;

        }

 

        .box .span02{

            color:blue;

        }

 

    </style>

</head>

<body>

 

<div class="box">The <span class="span02">secret</span> of success is <span>constancy</span> of <em>purpose</em>.</div>

 

</body>

</html>

 

 

 

 

组选择器案例  组选择器就是类选择器的组合  相同的部分可以合并

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>test_style</title>

    <style type="text/css">

 

        .box01,.box02,.box03{

            font-size:20px;

            text-indent:40ps;

        }

 

        .box01{

            color:red;

        }

 

        .box01{

            color:pink;

        }

 

        .box01{

            color:gold;

        }

 

    </style>

</head>

<body>

 

<div class="box01">Self-conquest is the greatest of all victories</div>

<div class="box02">Self-conquest is the greatest of all victories</div>

<div class="box03">Self-conquest is the greatest of all victories</div>

 

</body>

</html>

 

 

 

 

 

伪类选择器案例  伪类选择器一般为链接服务   红色部分 放上去就会实现变色倾斜的效果

 

 

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>test_style</title>

    <style type="text/css">

 

        .link{

            font-size:30ps;

            text-decoration:none;

            color:green;

        }

 

         .link:hover{

            color:gold;

            font-weight:bold;

            font-style:italic;

         }

 

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <a href="www.baidu.com" class="link">baidu</a>

</body>

</html>

 

 

 

# 伪类选择器的案例

 

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>test_style</title>

    <style type="text/css">

 

        .link{

            font-size:30ps;

            text-decoration:none;

            color:green;

        }

<!--伪类的属性-->

         .link:hover{

            color:gold;

            font-weight:bold;

            font-style:italic;

         }

 

         .box01,.box02{

            font-size:20px;

         }

 

<!-- 内容前面加*-->

        .box01:before{

            content:"* ";

            color:red;

        }

<!--内容后面加句号-->

        .box02:after{

            content:". ";

            color:red;

        }

 

    </style>

</head>

<body>

    <a href="www.baidu.com" class="link">baidu</a>

    <div class="box01">Self-conquest is the greatest of all victories</div>

    <div class="box02">Self-conquest is the greatest of all victories</div>

 

</body>

</html>

 

 

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