linux-shell3

一，shell的控制结构

1，if

if【空格】【空格expresion空格】

then

   命令1

elif 条件2

then

  命令2

else

  命令3

fi

---------------------

if 条件

then

命令

fi

 

--------------------

$ cat if.sh
#!/bin/bash
### test if
if [ "13" -lt "12" ] # test [空格expresion空格]
then
   echo "10 is less than 12"
else
   echo "no"
fi

 

-----------------------------------

man test查看if条件参数信息

-----------------------------------

$ cat ifcp.sh
#!/bin/bash
### if cp test
if cp file1.txt file2.txt
then
   echo  "successful"
else
   echo  "'bash $0' fail" >&2
fi

 

2，case

case 值 in

模式1)

   命令1

  ;;

模式2)

   命令2

  ;;

esac

-----------------------------------

$ cat case.sh
#!/bin/bash
###case test
echo "input 1 -3:"
read choose
case $choose in
1)
  echo "you choose 1."
  ;;
2)
  echo "you choose 2"
  ;;
3)
  echo "you choose 3"
  ;;
*)
  echo "$0 - your choose out of 1-3">&2
  exit;
  ;;

esac

 

3,for

for 变量 in 列表

do

     命令1

     ...

     命令n

done

 

------------------------------

$ cat for.sh
#!/bin/bash
### for test
for i in 1 2 3 4 5
do
   echo $i
done

 

---------------------------------

$ cat strfor.sh
#!/bin/bash
### string for test
for str in `cat name.txt`
do
   echo $str
done

 

4，until

$ cat until.sh
#!/bin/bash
### until test
pathvar='/dev/sda1'
lookup=`df -h|grep $pathvar|awk '{print $5}'|sed 's/%//g'`
echo $lookup
until [ "$lookup" -gt "90" ]
do
   echo "$pathvar is available"
   lookup=`df -h|grep $pathvar|awk '{print $5}'|sed 's/%//g'`
   sleep 60
done

 

 

5，while

死循环

while :

do

     命令...

done

 

6，引用，统计

sum=0
for i in `cat $1`
do
  let sum=sum+$i
done
echo $sum