“服务器-客户端”模型网络程序设计

最新推荐文章于 2017-05-23 20:05:29 发布

milanleon

最新推荐文章于 2017-05-23 20:05:29 发布

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分类专栏： Windows网络编程文章标签：网络编程

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/milanleon/article/details/37961053

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1、基于TCP的socket编程的服务器-客户端流程

服务器端流程：加载套接字库WSAStartup()—>创建套接字socket()—>将套接字绑定到本地地址和端口上bind()—>将套接字设置为监听模式listen()—>循环等待、接收连接的到来accept()—>用accept返回的套接字和客户端进行通信recv()/send()，通信结束后关闭通信套接字closesocket()—>服务器关闭时关闭监听套接字closesocket()—>结束套接字库的使用WSACleanup()。

代码示例：

#include <stdio.h>  
#include <Winsock2.h>  
#include <process.h>  
#include <Ws2tcpip.h>

#pragma comment(lib,"Ws2_32.lib")  

#define DEFAULT_BUFLEN 512  

unsigned _stdcall Thread1Fun(void* lpParameter)
{
	SOCKET ConnectSocket = (SOCKET)lpParameter;

	//向客户端发送数据  
	int send_bytes;
	int send_total = 0;
	char sendBuf[DEFAULT_BUFLEN] = "welcom!";

	while (send_total < strlen(sendBuf) + 1)
	{
		send_bytes = send(ConnectSocket, sendBuf + send_total, strlen(sendBuf) + 1 - send_total, 0);
		if (send_bytes == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			printf("send failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
			closesocket(ConnectSocket);
			return 1;
		}
		else
		{
			send_total += send_bytes;
		}
	}


	//从客户端接收数据  
	int recv_bytes;
	char recvBuf[DEFAULT_BUFLEN] = "";
	int recvbuflen = DEFAULT_BUFLEN;
	recv_bytes = recv(ConnectSocket, recvBuf, recvbuflen, 0);
	if (recv_bytes > 0)
		printf("recv %d bytes data from cilent:%s\n", recv_bytes, recvBuf);
	else if (recv_bytes == 0)
		printf("Connection closed\n");
	else
	{
		wprintf(L"recv failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
		closesocket(ConnectSocket);
		return 1;
	}

	//关闭建立连接的套接字  
	closesocket(ConnectSocket);

	return 0;
}

int main()
{
	printf("Server\n");

	int iResult;
	WSADATA wsaData;

	//加载套接字库  
	iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
	if (iResult != 0)
	{
		printf("WSAStartup failed with error: %ld\n", iResult);
		return 1;
	}

	//创建监听套接字  
	SOCKET ListenSocket;
	ListenSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (ListenSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		printf("socket failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
		WSACleanup();
		return 1;
	}

	sockaddr_in addrServer;
	addrServer.sin_family = AF_INET;
	//inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", (VOID*)&addrServer.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr);
	addrServer.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;
	addrServer.sin_port = htons(6000);

	//绑定本机IP地址和端口号  
	iResult = bind(ListenSocket, (sockaddr*)&addrServer, sizeof(sockaddr));
	if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		printf("bind failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
		closesocket(ListenSocket);
		WSACleanup();
		return 1;
	}

	//设置套接字为监听模式  
	iResult = listen(ListenSocket, 10);
	if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		printf("listen failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
		closesocket(ListenSocket);
		WSACleanup();
		return 1;
	}

	sockaddr_in addrClient;
	int len = sizeof(sockaddr_in);

	while (1)
	{
		//主线程接收客户连接请求  
		SOCKET ConnectSocket = accept(ListenSocket, (sockaddr*)&addrClient, &len);
		if (ConnectSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
		{
			printf("accept failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
			closesocket(ListenSocket);
			WSACleanup();
			return 1;
		}
		char buf[100] = { 0 };
		fprintf(stdout, "accept a connection,from %s:%d\n", inet_ntop(AF_INET, (VOID*)&addrClient.sin_addr, buf, 100), ntohs(addrClient.sin_port));

		//创建的线程用来通信  
		HANDLE hThread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, Thread1Fun, (void*)ConnectSocket, 0, NULL);
		CloseHandle(hThread);
	}

	//关闭监听套接字  
	closesocket(ListenSocket);

	//结束对套接字库的使用  
	WSACleanup();

	return 0;
}

客户端流程：加载套接字库WSAStartup()—>创建套接字socket()—>连接服务器connect()—>和服务器进行通信recv()/send()—>关闭套接字closesocket()—>结束套接字库的使用WSACleanup()。

代码示例：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <Winsock2.h>  
#include <Ws2tcpip.h>

#pragma comment(lib,"Ws2_32.lib")  

#define DEFAULT_BUFLEN 512  

int main()
{
	printf("Client\n");

	WSADATA wsaData;
	int iResult;

	//加载套接字库  
	iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
	if (iResult != 0)
	{
		printf("WSAStartup failed with error: %ld\n", iResult);
		return 1;
	}

	//创建套接字  
	SOCKET ClientSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (ClientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		printf("socket failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
		WSACleanup();
		return 1;
	}


	sockaddr_in clientService;
	clientService.sin_family = AF_INET;
	//clientService.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
	inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", (VOID*)&clientService.sin_addr.s_addr);
	clientService.sin_port = htons(6000);

	//连接服务器  
	iResult = connect(ClientSocket, (sockaddr*)&clientService, sizeof(sockaddr));
	if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		printf("connect function failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
		closesocket(ClientSocket);
		WSACleanup();
		return 1;
	}

	//从服务器接收数据  
	int recv_bytes;
	char recvBuf[DEFAULT_BUFLEN] = "";
	int recvbuflen = DEFAULT_BUFLEN;
	recv_bytes = recv(ClientSocket, recvBuf, recvbuflen, 0);
	if (recv_bytes > 0)
		printf("recv %d bytes data from server:%s\n", recv_bytes, recvBuf);
	else if (recv_bytes == 0)
		printf("Connection closed\n");
	else
	{
		printf("recv failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
		closesocket(ClientSocket);
		WSACleanup();
		return 1;
	}


	//向服务器发送数据  
	int send_bytes;
	int send_total = 0;
	char sendBuf[DEFAULT_BUFLEN] = "";
	sprintf_s(sendBuf, DEFAULT_BUFLEN, "This is client!");
	while (send_total < strlen(sendBuf) + 1)
	{
		send_bytes = send(ClientSocket, sendBuf + send_total, strlen(sendBuf) + 1 - send_total, 0);
		if (send_bytes == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			printf("send failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
			closesocket(ClientSocket);
			WSACleanup();
			return 1;
		}
		else
		{
			send_total += send_bytes;
		}
	}


	//关闭套接字  
	closesocket(ClientSocket);

	//结束对套接字库的使用  
	WSACleanup();
	
	return 0;
}

2、基于UDP的socket编程的接收端-发送端流程

接收端流程：加载套接字库WSAStartup()—>创建套接字socket()—>绑定套接字到本地地址和端口bind()—>等待接收数据recvfrom()—>关闭套接字closesocket()—>结束套接字库的使用WSACleanup()。

代码示例：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <Winsock2.h>

#pragma comment(lib,"Ws2_32.lib")

#define DEFAULT_BUFLEN 512

int main()
{
	printf("Server\n");
	
	int iResult;
	WSADATA wsaData;

	//加载套接字库
	iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
	if(iResult != 0)
	{
		printf("WSAStartup failed with error: %ld\n", iResult);
		return 1;
	}

	//创建套接字
	SOCKET SocketServer;
	SocketServer = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	if(SocketServer == INVALID_SOCKET) 
	{
        printf("socket failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

	sockaddr_in addrServer;
	addrServer.sin_family = AF_INET;
	addrServer.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
	addrServer.sin_port = htons(6000);

	//绑定本机回送地址和端口号
	iResult = bind(SocketServer, (sockaddr*)&addrServer, sizeof(sockaddr));
	if(iResult == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		printf("bind failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
        closesocket(SocketServer);
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
	}

	//从客户端接收数据
	int recv_bytes; 
	char recvBuf[DEFAULT_BUFLEN] = "";
	int recvbuflen = DEFAULT_BUFLEN;
	sockaddr_in addrClient;
	int len = sizeof(sockaddr);
	recv_bytes = recvfrom(SocketServer, recvBuf, recvbuflen, 0, (sockaddr*)&addrClient, &len);  
    if(recv_bytes > 0)  
	     printf("recv %d bytes data from %s.%d cilent:%s\n",recv_bytes,inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr),ntohs(addrClient.sin_port),recvBuf); 
    else if (recv_bytes == 0)  
	     printf("Connection closed\n");  
    else 
    {
  	     wprintf(L"recv failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());  
	     closesocket(SocketServer); 
         return 1; 
    }

	if(recv_bytes > 0)
	{
		//向客户端发送数据
		int send_bytes; 
		int send_total = 0; 
		char sendBuf[DEFAULT_BUFLEN] = "recv data completed!";
		
		while(send_total < strlen(sendBuf)+1)  
		{  
			send_bytes = sendto(SocketServer,sendBuf + send_total,strlen(sendBuf)+1-send_total,0,(sockaddr*)&addrClient,len);  
			if(send_bytes == SOCKET_ERROR)  
			{  
				printf("send failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());  
				closesocket(SocketServer); 
				return 1;  
			}  
			else  
			{  
				send_total += send_bytes;  
			}  
		} 
	}


	//关闭套接字
	closesocket(SocketServer);

	//结束对套接字库的使用
	WSACleanup();

	return 0;
}

发送端流程：加载套接字库WSAStartup()—>创建套接字socket()—>向服务器发送数据sendto()—>关闭套接字closesocket()—>结束使用套接字库WSACleanup()。

代码示例：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <Winsock2.h>

#pragma comment(lib,"Ws2_32.lib")

#define DEFAULT_BUFLEN 512

int main()
{
	printf("Client\n");

	WSADATA wsaData;
	int iResult;

	//加载套接字库
	iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
	if(iResult != 0)
	{
		printf("WSAStartup failed with error: %ld\n", iResult);
		return 1;
	}

	//创建套接字
	SOCKET ClientSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	if(ClientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) 
	{
        printf("socket failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

	sockaddr_in addrServer;  
	addrServer.sin_family = AF_INET;  
	addrServer.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");  
	addrServer.sin_port = htons(6000);
	int len = sizeof(sockaddr);

	//向服务器发送数据
	int send_bytes; 
	int send_total = 0;  
	char sendBuf[DEFAULT_BUFLEN] = "";
	sprintf(sendBuf, "This is client!");
	while(send_total < strlen(sendBuf)+1)  
	{  
		send_bytes = sendto(ClientSocket,sendBuf + send_total,strlen(sendBuf)+1-send_total,0,(sockaddr*)&addrServer,len);  
		if(send_bytes == SOCKET_ERROR)  
	    {  
		    printf("send failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());  
			closesocket(ClientSocket); 
			WSACleanup();
		    return 1;  
		}  
		else  
		{  
			send_total += send_bytes;  
		}  
    }

	//从服务器接收数据
	int recv_bytes; 
	char recvBuf[DEFAULT_BUFLEN] = "";
	int recvbuflen = DEFAULT_BUFLEN;
	recv_bytes = recvfrom(ClientSocket,recvBuf,recvbuflen,0,(sockaddr*)&addrServer,&len); 
	if(recv_bytes > 0)
		printf("recv %d bytes data from server:%s\n", recv_bytes, recvBuf);
	else if (recv_bytes == 0)  
	    printf("Connection closed\n"); 
	else
	{
	    printf("recv failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());  
	    closesocket(ClientSocket); 
	    WSACleanup();
        return 1; 
	}
	
	//关闭套接字
	closesocket(ClientSocket);

	//结束对套接字库的使用
	WSACleanup();

	return 0;
}