nginx配置实例

1、下载PCRE， 是一个用C语言编写的正则表达式函数库

[root@localhostpcre-8.36]# cd /tmp/download/

[root@localhostdownload]# wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.37/pcre-8.37.tar.gz

[root@localhostdownload]# tar zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gz

 

2、下载zlib库

[root@localhostpcre-8.36]# cd /tmp/download/
[root@localhost download]# wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/zlib/1.2.8/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz

[root@localhostdownload]# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz cdzlib-1.2.8

4、下载SSL

[root@localhostzlib-1.2.8]# cd ..
[root@localhost download]# wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1p.tar.gz

[root@localhostdownload]# cd openssl-1.0.1c

[root@localhostopenssl-1.0.1c]# tar -zxvfopenssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz

 

5、下载nginx

[root@localhostdownload]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz

[root@localhostdownload]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz

 

6、安装

[root@localhost download]mv pcre-8.36 /usr/local/

[root@localhost download]mv zlib-1.2.8 /usr/local/

[root@localhost download]mv openssl-1.0.1c /usr/local/

[root@localhost download]mv nginx-1.2.8 /usr/local/

 

[root@localhost download]cd /usr/local/

 

[root@localhost local]#cd pcre-8.36

[root@localhostpcre-8.36]# ./configure&&make&&make install

 

[root@localhost pcre-8.36]cd ../zlib-1.2.8

[root@localhostzlib-1.2.8]# ./configure && make&& make install

 

[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]#cd ../openssl-1.0.1c

[root@localhostopenssl-1.0.1c]# ./config && make&& make install

 

[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]#cd ../nginx-1.2.8

[root@localhostnginx-1.2.8]# ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/nginx && make && make install

 

7、启动nginx

[root@localhostnginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

 

8、测试

在确保可以连接到服务器的电脑上，浏览器输入装了nginx的机器的ip地址，会看到Welcome to nginx!的提示说明安装配配置成功了。

 

 

 

负载均衡配置：

现有两部服务器：

192.168.45.128   （按照以上操作安装有nginx，作为转发机，虚拟机）

192.168.45.128    （无安装nginx，运行有测试用的web工程，虚拟机）

192.168.1.10   （无安装nginx，运行有测试用的web工程，本地电脑地址），运行有测试用的web工程

127.0.0.1web_app

[root@a conf]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

配置如下展示：

 

#user  nobody;

worker_processes  1;

 

#error_log  logs/error.log;

#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;

#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

 

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

 

 

events{

    worker_connections  1024;

}

 

 

http{

    include       mime.types;

    default_type  application/octet-stream;

 

    #log_format main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user[$time_local] "$request" '

    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent"$http_referer" '

    #                  '"$http_user_agent""$http_x_forwarded_for"';

 

    #access_log logs/access.log  main;

 

    sendfile        on;

    #tcp_nopush     on;

 

    #keepalive_timeout  0;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

 

    #gzip on;

 

    upstream web_app{

               server 192.168.45.128:8080max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;      

                server 192.168.45.129:8080max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;      

        }

 

 

    server {

        listen       80;

        server_name  localhost;

 

        #charset koi8-r;

 

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

 

        location / {

            proxy_next_upstream http_502http_504 error timeout invalid_header;

           proxy_set_header Host $host;

           proxy_set_header X-Real-IP$remote_addr;

           proxy_set_header X-Forwarded_For$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

            proxy_pass http://web_app;

            expires 3d;

        }

 

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

 

        # redirect server error pages to thestatic page /50x.html

        #

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

        location = /50x.html {

            root   html;

        }

 

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apachelistening on 127.0.0.1:80

        #

        #location ~ \.php$ {

        #   proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;

        #}

 

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGIserver listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

        #

        #location ~ \.php$ {

        #   root           html;

        #   fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

        #   fastcgi_index  index.php;

        #   fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

        #   include        fastcgi_params;

        #}

 

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache'sdocument root

        # concurs with nginx's one

        #

        #location ~ /\.ht {

        #   deny  all;

        #}

    }

 

 

    # another virtual host using mix of IP-,name-, and port-based configuration

    #

   server {

        listen       80;

    #   listen       somename:8080;

        server_name   127.0.0.1;                        

 

         location / {

             root   html;

             index  index.html index.htm;

         }

     }

 

 

    # HTTPS server

    #

    #server {

    #   listen       443;

    #   server_name  localhost;

 

    #   ssl                  on;

    #   ssl_certificate      cert.pem;

    #   ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

 

    #   ssl_session_timeout  5m;

 

    #   ssl_protocols  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;

    #   ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

    #   ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

 

    #   location / {

    #       root   html;

    #       index  index.html index.htm;

    #   }

    #}

 

}

设置host：

[root@aconf]# vi /etc/hosts

添加hosts：

127.0.0.1 web_app

 在本地的windows机器上也添加host

192.168.45.128 web_app

启动nginx

[root@localhostnginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

 在192.168.45.128和192.168.45.129上的tomcat放置一个简单的html页面。

启动虚拟机上的web应用：

 在192.168.1.10上打开网址

http://web_app/hello.html

OK!

常见问题及解决办法：

1、安装PCRE时提示configure: error: Youneed a C++ compiler for C++ support.

原因是没有安装c++编译器，采用下面的命令安装：

[root@localhostpcre-8.37]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++

 

2、启动nginx失败

[root@localhostnginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries:libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

原因是64bit的系统，但是默认取了/usr/local/lib里面的包

检查方法：

[root@localhostnginx]# cd /usr/local/

[root@localhostlocal]# ls /lib64/ |grep pcre
libpcre.so.0
libpcre.so.0.0.1
[root@localhost local]# ls /lib/ |grep pcre

说明缺失的包在lib64

设置软连接来解决：

[root@localhostlocal]# ln -s /lib64/libpcre.so.0.0.1/lib64/libpcre.so.1
[root@localhost local]# cd nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

3、启动报错：

报错：nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed(98: Address already in use)

解决办法：sudo fuser -k 80/tcp

端口被占用，关闭占用端口