策略模式

介绍

当if-else或switch分支太多时，阿里规范要使用策略模式

定义一个算法接口，多个实现算法的具体类，将每个算法都封装起来，并且使它们之间可以互换。UML结构图如下：

Context是上下文，用一个ConcreteStrategy来配置，维护一个对Strategy对象的引用；Strategy是策略类，用于定义所有支持算法的公共接口；ConcreteStrategy是具体策略类，封装了具体的算法或行为，继承于Strategy。

举例

根据mq消息类型，分别处理

策略接口

public interface ConsumeStrategy {
    /**
     * 消费消息
     * @author lipo
     * @date 2019-10-15 17:17
     * @param
     * @return
     **/
    String consume(String msg);
}

策略实现类
标签处理

@StrategyType(MqTypeEnum.LABEL)
public class LabelConsumeStrategyImpl implements ConsumeStrategy {
    /**
     * @desc 消费标签消息
     * @author lipo
     * @date 2019-10-15 17:19
     * @param
     * @return
     **/
    @Override
    public String consume(String msg) {
        System.out.println(msg + ", 标签添加成功");
        return "ok";
    }
}

订单处理

@StrategyType(MqTypeEnum.ORDER)
public class OrderConsumeStrategyImpl implements ConsumeStrategy {
    /**
     * @desc 消费标签消息
     * @author lipo
     * @date 2019-10-15 17:19
     * @param
     * @return
     **/
    @Override
    public String consume(String msg) {
        System.out.println(msg + ", 订单添加成功");
        return "ok";
    }
}

上下文切换

@Component
public class ConsumeStrategyBuilder {

    /**
     * 转发map
     */
    private static Map<MqTypeEnum, ConsumeStrategy> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

    //初始化转发map
    static {
        initDispatchMap();

    }

    /**
     * 转发消费消息
     * @param mqTypeEnum
     * @param msg
     * @return
     */
    public String consume(MqTypeEnum mqTypeEnum, String msg) {
        ConsumeStrategy consumeStrategy = map.get(mqTypeEnum);
        return consumeStrategy.consume(msg);
    }

    /**
     * 解析所有策略实现类，装载进入map中
     */
    private static void initDispatchMap() {
        List<String> list = PackageUtil.resolveAllClass(ConsumeStrategyBuilder.class.getPackage().getName() + ".impl");
        ClassLoader classLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();

        if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)) {
            for (String classFullName :
                    list) {
                try {
                    Class<?> aClass = classLoader.loadClass(classFullName);
                    StrategyType annotation = aClass.getAnnotation(StrategyType.class);

                    Object o = aClass.newInstance();
                    if (o instanceof ConsumeStrategy && annotation != null) {
                        map.put(annotation.value(), (ConsumeStrategy)o);
                    }

                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        }
    }

}

测试

@RestController
@RequestMapping("design")
public class DesignController {

    @Autowired
    private ConsumeStrategyBuilder consumeStrategyBuilder;

    /**
     * http://localhost:8080/design/strategy?code=1&msg=hehe
     * 策略模式
     * @param code
     * @param msg
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("strategy")
    public String strategy(Byte code, String msg) {
        MqTypeEnum mqTypeEnum = MqTypeEnum.getEnumByCode(code);
        return consumeStrategyBuilder.consume(mqTypeEnum, msg);
    }

}

项目https://github.com/mingwulipo/design-method.git