SpringBoot集成RabbitMq(三)

死信队列

什么情况下消息会变为死信

1. 队列达到最大长度
2. 消息TTL过期
3. 消息被拒绝(basic.reject / basic.nack)，并且requeue = false

给队列设置参数的方式

新建一个Map<String,Object>的map集合,通过规定的键,可以给队列对应的属性设置值

键	用途
“x-max-length”	设置队列最大消息数量
"“x-message-ttl”	设置队列中的消息多少ms后过期
“x-dead-letter-exchange”	设置队列中的消息变为死信要放入的交换机名
“x-dead-letter-routing-key”	设置队列中的消息变为死信的routing-key
“x-max-length-bytes”	队列中所有消息的总字节数上限值

队列达到最长

设置私信队列和死信交换机,和最大消息数量队列

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig {
    private static final  String topicExchange="topicExchange";
    private static final  String topicRoutingkey="key.#";
    private static final  String fanoutExchange="fanoutExchange";
    private static final  String headsExchange="headsExchange";
    private static final  String deadExchange="deadExchange";
    private static final String deadRoutingkey="deadkey";
    @Bean
    public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange(){
        return  new FanoutExchange(fanoutExchange,true,false);
    }
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange deadExchange(){
        return  new DirectExchange(deadExchange,true,false);
    }
    @Bean
    public Queue maxLengthQueue(){
        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
        map.put("x-max-length",10);
        map.put("x-dead-letter-exchange","deadExchange");
        map.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key","deadkey");
        return  new Queue("maxLengthQueue",true,false,false,map);
    }
    @Bean
    public Binding binding6(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(maxLengthQueue()).to(fanoutExchange());
    }
    @Bean
    public Binding binding7(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(deadQueue()).to(deadExchange()).with(deadRoutingkey);
    }
 
}

给maxLengthQueue添加15条消息

 		for(int i=0;i<15;i++){
 		
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("fanoutExchange","","hi");
            
        }

访问http://localhost:15672

5条多出的死信进入了死信队列

消息TTL过期

设置TTL过期队列

    @Bean
    public Queue messageTTlQueue(){
        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
        map.put("x-message-ttl",10000);
        map.put("x-dead-letter-exchange","deadExchange");
        map.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key","deadkey");
        return  new Queue("messageTTlQueue",true,false,false,map);
    }
    @Bean
    public Binding binding8(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(messageTTlQueue()).to(fanoutExchange());
    }

给messageTTlQueue添加消息,访问http://localhost:15672

10s后消息进入死信队列

消息被拒绝(basic.reject / basic.nack)，并且requeue = false

消费者拒绝消息,并且不再接收该消息,消息会放入死信队列中
配置文件再之前的基础上修改为

rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest
    publisher-confirm-type: correlated  #有这个才会回调
    publisher-returns: true
    listener:
      type: simple
      simple:
        #手动确认
        acknowledge-mode: manual
        prefetch: 1   #限制每次发送一条数据。
        concurrency: 3      #同一个队列启动几个消费者
        max-concurrency: 3    #启动消费者最大数量
          #重试策略相关配置
        retry:
          enabled: true    #是否支持重试
          max-attempts: 5
          stateless: false
            #时间策略乘数因子
          multiplier: 1.0
          initial-interval: 1000ms
          max-interval: 10000ms
        default-requeue-rejected: true

添加一待拒绝的个队列并绑定交换机

    @Bean
    public Queue rejectQueue(){
        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
        map.put("x-dead-letter-exchange","deadExchange");
        map.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key","deadkey");
        return  new Queue("rejectQueue",true,false,false,map);
    }
    @Bean
    public Binding binding9(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(rejectQueue()).to(fanoutExchange());
    }

添加一个消费者消费该队列并且拒绝该消息

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@Slf4j
@RabbitListener(queues = "rejectQueue")
public class RejectConsumer {
    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String s, Channel channel,Message message) throws Exception{

        log.info(s);
        channel.basicReject(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);

    }
}

往队列中添加消息

	@RequestMapping("/1")
    @ResponseBody
    public String test1(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("fanoutExchange","","reject message ");
        return "3";
    }

访问http://localhost:15672

在死信队列中找到该消息,并且死信来自于rejectQueue,消息变为死信的原因是rejected