Android自定义照相机，手动聚焦

项目总结：

     项目需求：做一个相机页面，以View形式呈现，可以添加到布局文件中，实现触摸聚焦

     问题（难点）：1.因为是要做成一个View，可以添加到布局文件中，所以这个View的大小不固定；因此预览分辨率无法确定，容易造成在横竖屏切换后预览图像变形

                                 2.手动聚焦，需要计算出聚焦Area，这个area是定义在以预览区域的中心为原点，左上角为（-1000，-1000），右下角（1000,1000）的坐标系中；因此坐标变 换是一个问题

    代码demo我已上传

    如何获得相机实例并显示到屏幕上，网上很多例子，不做过多说明，代码如下：

 private Camera getCameraInstance() {
    Camera c = null;
    try {
      int cameraCount = 0;

      Camera.CameraInfo cameraInfo = new Camera.CameraInfo();
      cameraCount = Camera.getNumberOfCameras(); // get cameras number

      for (int camIdx = 0; camIdx < cameraCount; camIdx++) {
        Camera.getCameraInfo(camIdx, cameraInfo); // get camerainfo
        if (cameraInfo.facing == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK) { // 代表摄像头的方位，目前有定义值两个分别为CAMERA_FACING_FRONT前置和CAMERA_FACING_BACK后置
          try {
            c = Camera.open(camIdx);
          } catch (RuntimeException e) {
          }
        }
      }
      if (c == null) {
        c = Camera.open(0); // attempt to get a Camera instance
      }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      // Toast.makeText(context, "摄像头打开失败！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
    }
    return c;
  }

    第一问题解决方法，获得显示区域的大小，与手机相机支持的预览分辨率对比，取得与显示区域宽高比最接近的最大手机预览分辨率，根据获得预览分辨率值，更改显示区域的宽高。取手机预览分辨率的最大值是为了让预览更清晰

  private void updateCameraParameters() {
    if (camera != null) {
      Camera.Parameters p = camera.getParameters();

      long time = new Date().getTime();
      p.setGpsTimestamp(time);

      Size previewSize = findBestPreviewSize(p);
      p.setPreviewSize(previewSize.width, previewSize.height);
      //这里设置图片的分辨率为预览图像的分辨率大小，这样拍照后的照片就与看到的一样（主要是清晰度），实际上可以根据需求自定定义
      p.setPictureSize(previewSize.width, previewSize.height);

      // Set the preview frame aspect ratio according to the picture size.

      frameLayout.setAspectRatio((double) previewSize.width / previewSize.height);

      if (context.getResources().getConfiguration().orientation != Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {
        camera.setDisplayOrientation(90);
        p.setRotation(90);
      }
      camera.setParameters(p);
    }
  }

  /**
   * 找到最合适的显示分辨率 （防止预览图像变形）
   * @param parameters
   * @return
   */
  private Size findBestPreviewSize(Camera.Parameters parameters) {

    //系统支持的所有预览分辨率
    String previewSizeValueString = null;
    previewSizeValueString = parameters.get("preview-size-values");

    if (previewSizeValueString == null) {
      previewSizeValueString = parameters.get("preview-size-value");
    }

    if (previewSizeValueString == null) { // 有些手机例如m9获取不到支持的预览大小 就直接返回屏幕大小
      return camera.new Size(getScreenWH().widthPixels, getScreenWH().heightPixels);
    }
    float bestX = 0;
    float bestY = 0;

    float tmpRadio = 0;
    float viewRadio = 0;

    if (viewWidth != 0 && viewHeight != 0) {
      viewRadio = Math.min((float) viewWidth, (float) viewHeight) / Math.max((float) viewWidth, (float) viewHeight);
    }
    // System.out.println("CustomCameraView previewSizeValueString COMMA_PATTERN = "
    // + previewSizeValueString);

    String[] COMMA_PATTERN = previewSizeValueString.split(",");
    for (String prewsizeString : COMMA_PATTERN) {
      prewsizeString = prewsizeString.trim();

      int dimPosition = prewsizeString.indexOf('x');
      if (dimPosition == -1) {
        continue;
      }

      float newX = 0;
      float newY = 0;

      try {
        newX = Float.parseFloat(prewsizeString.substring(0, dimPosition));
        newY = Float.parseFloat(prewsizeString.substring(dimPosition + 1));
      } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        continue;
      }

      float radio = Math.min(newX, newY) / Math.max(newX, newY);
      if (tmpRadio == 0) {
        tmpRadio = radio;
        bestX = newX;
        bestY = newY;
      } else if (tmpRadio != 0 && (Math.abs(radio - viewRadio)) < (Math.abs(tmpRadio - viewRadio))) {
        tmpRadio = radio;
        bestX = newX;
        bestY = newY;
      }
    }

    if (bestX > 0 && bestY > 0) {
      // System.out.println("CustomCameraView previewSizeValueString bestX = " +
      // bestX + ", bestY = " + bestY);
      return camera.new Size((int) bestX, (int) bestY);
    }
    return null;
  }

第二个问题的解决方法，根据点在屏幕上的坐标，计算出在显示区域的坐标

  /**
   * 设置焦点和测光区域
   * @param event 触摸点
   */
  public void focusOnTouch(MotionEvent event) {

    int[] location = new int[2];
    frameLayout.getLocationOnScreen(location);

    Rect focusRect = calculateTapArea(view_focus.getWidth(), view_focus.getHeight(), 1f, event.getRawX(), event.getRawY(),
        location[0], location[0] + frameLayout.getWidth(), location[1], location[1] + frameLayout.getHeight());
    Rect meteringRect = calculateTapArea(view_focus.getWidth(), view_focus.getHeight(), 1.5f, event.getRawX(), event.getRawY(),
        location[0], location[0] + frameLayout.getWidth(), location[1], location[1] + frameLayout.getHeight());

    Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();
    parameters.setFocusMode(Camera.Parameters.FOCUS_MODE_AUTO);

    // System.out.println("CustomCameraView getMaxNumFocusAreas = " +
    // parameters.getMaxNumFocusAreas());
    if (parameters.getMaxNumFocusAreas() > 0) {
      List<Camera.Area> focusAreas = new ArrayList<Camera.Area>();
      focusAreas.add(new Camera.Area(focusRect, 1000));

      parameters.setFocusAreas(focusAreas);
    }

    // System.out.println("CustomCameraView getMaxNumMeteringAreas = " +
    // parameters.getMaxNumMeteringAreas());
    if (parameters.getMaxNumMeteringAreas() > 0) {
      List<Camera.Area> meteringAreas = new ArrayList<Camera.Area>();
      meteringAreas.add(new Camera.Area(meteringRect, 1000));

      parameters.setMeteringAreas(meteringAreas);
    }

    try {
      camera.setParameters(parameters);
    } catch (Exception e) {
    }
    camera.autoFocus(this);
  }

  /**
   * 计算焦点及测光区域
   * @param focusWidth
   * @param focusHeight
   * @param areaMultiple
   * @param x
   * @param y
   * @param previewleft
   * @param previewRight
   * @param previewTop
   * @param previewBottom
   * @return Rect(left,top,right,bottom) :  left、top、right、bottom是以显示区域中心为原点的坐标 。   Rect 是以触摸点为中心的一块区域
   */
  public Rect calculateTapArea(int focusWidth, int focusHeight, float areaMultiple,
      float x, float y, int previewleft, int previewRight, int previewTop, int previewBottom) {
    int areaWidth = (int) (focusWidth * areaMultiple);
    int areaHeight = (int) (focusHeight * areaMultiple);
    int centerX = (previewleft + previewRight) / 2;
    int centerY = (previewTop + previewBottom) / 2;
    double unitx = ((double) previewRight - (double) previewleft) / 2000;
    double unity = ((double) previewBottom - (double) previewTop) / 2000;
    int left = clamp((int) (((x - areaWidth / 2) - centerX) / unitx), -1000, 1000);
    int top = clamp((int) (((y - areaHeight / 2) - centerY) / unity), -1000, 1000);
    int right = clamp((int) (left + areaWidth / unitx), -1000, 1000);
    int bottom = clamp((int) (top + areaHeight / unity), -1000, 1000);

    return new Rect(left, top, right, bottom);
  }
  public int clamp(int x, int min, int max) {
    if (x > max)
      return max;
    if (x < min)
      return min;
    return x;
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