GXT之旅：第一章：初识ExtGWT(5)——用GXT组件替换GWT组件

旧貌换新颜

现在，我们FirstApp项目已经引入了GXT库，但是我们还没有具体使用他们。现在我们从FirstApp.java拷贝出一份文件，重命名为FirstGxtApp.java。在整个文件里，我们将使用GXT的控件去替换GWT的控件。通过之间的比较，我们会发现他们之间很相似，但是也有不同，下面跟我小妹的脚步吧：

• 找到FirstApp.java，拷贝出一份文件，重命名为FirstGxtApp.java
• 删除一些import

import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.ClickEvent;
import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.ClickHandler;
import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.KeyUpEvent;
import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.KeyUpHandler;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.Button;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.DialogBox;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.Label;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.TextBox;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.VerticalPanel;

• 导入一些相应的GXT
  

import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.event.ButtonEvent;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.event.SelectionListener;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.event.KeyListener;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.event.ComponentEvent;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.Dialog;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.Label;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.VerticalPanel;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.button.Button;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.form.TextField;

你会发现GXT和GWT之间有不少类似的类，如下是一些他们之间的对比情况

GXT	GWT
com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.Dialog	com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.DialogBox
com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.Label	com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.Label
com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.VerticalPanel	com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.VerticalPanel
com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.button.Button	com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.Button
com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.form.TextField	com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.TextBox
com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.event.ButtonEvent	com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.ClickEvent
com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.event.SelectionListener	com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.ClickHandler
com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.event.KeyListener	com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.KeyUpEvent
com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.event.ComponentEvent	com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.KeyUpHandler

• 接下来，我们要做的，就是在FirstGXTApp.java中，重新用GXT类库，来定义控件。在GWT例子(FirstApp.java)里面，所有的控件代码集都是定义在onModuleLoad()方法里面，然后使用的内部类去实现Handler(interface)，来处理不同的事件。但是GXT使用listeners(class)去处理事件的，因此在处理方式上，我们需要把GXT的控件提出到onModuleLoad()方法之外，变成属性去处理。

private final Button sendButton = new Button("Send");
private final TextField<String> nameField = new
TextField<String>();
private final Dialog dialogBox = new Dialog();
private final Label textToServerLabel = new Label();
private final HTML serverResponseLabel = new HTML();

• GXT和GWT的控件之间，在functions上，存在这一些不同。在开始修改之前，先看看我总结的一些不同点。

GXT	GWT
TextField.setValue()	TextBox.setText()
TextField.focus()	TextBox.setFocus(true)
DialogBox.setHeading()	DialogBox.setText()
DialogBox.setAnimCollapse(true)	DialogBox.setAnimationEnabled(true)
VerticalPanel .setHorizontalAlign(HorizontalAlignment.RIGHT);	VerticalPanel.setHorizontalAlignment(VerticalPanel.ALIGN_RIGHT)

• 另外一个不同点，就正如我上面提到的，就是事件处理机制不同。GWT使用event handlers，GXT 是使用event listeners(类似于早期版本的GWT)。但是不管怎么样，代码风格上也非常类似。下面我把整个两个文件贴出来，大家看看不同之处

FirstApp.java

package com.danielvaughan.firstapp.client;

import com.danielvaughan.firstapp.shared.FieldVerifier;
import com.google.gwt.core.client.EntryPoint;
import com.google.gwt.core.client.GWT;
import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.ClickEvent;
import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.ClickHandler;
import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.KeyCodes;
import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.KeyUpEvent;
import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.KeyUpHandler;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.rpc.AsyncCallback;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.Button;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.DialogBox;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.HTML;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.Label;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.RootPanel;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.TextBox;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.VerticalPanel;

/**
 * Entry point classes define <code>onModuleLoad()</code>.
 */
public class FirstApp implements EntryPoint {
	/**
	 * The message displayed to the user when the server cannot be reached or
	 * returns an error.
	 */
	private static final String SERVER_ERROR = "An error occurred while "
			+ "attempting to contact the server. Please check your network "
			+ "connection and try again.";

	/**
	 * Create a remote service proxy to talk to the server-side Greeting service.
	 */
	private final GreetingServiceAsync greetingService = GWT
			.create(GreetingService.class);

	/**
	 * This is the entry point method.
	 */
	public void onModuleLoad() {
		final Button sendButton = new Button("Send");
		final TextBox nameField = new TextBox();
		nameField.setText("GWT User");
		final Label errorLabel = new Label();

		// We can add style names to widgets
		sendButton.addStyleName("sendButton");

		// Add the nameField and sendButton to the RootPanel
		// Use RootPanel.get() to get the entire body element
		RootPanel.get("nameFieldContainer").add(nameField);
		RootPanel.get("sendButtonContainer").add(sendButton);
		RootPanel.get("errorLabelContainer").add(errorLabel);

		// Focus the cursor on the name field when the app loads
		nameField.setFocus(true);
		nameField.selectAll();

		// Create the popup dialog box
		final DialogBox dialogBox = new DialogBox();
		dialogBox.setText("Remote Procedure Call");
		dialogBox.setAnimationEnabled(true);
		final Button closeButton = new Button("Close");
		// We can set the id of a widget by accessing its Element
		closeButton.getElement().setId("closeButton");
		final Label textToServerLabel = new Label();
		final HTML serverResponseLabel = new HTML();
		VerticalPanel dialogVPanel = new VerticalPanel();
		dialogVPanel.addStyleName("dialogVPanel");
		dialogVPanel.add(new HTML("<b>Sending name to the server:</b>"));
		dialogVPanel.add(textToServerLabel);
		dialogVPanel.add(new HTML("<br><b>Server replies:</b>"));
		dialogVPanel.add(serverResponseLabel);
		dialogVPanel.setHorizontalAlignment(VerticalPanel.ALIGN_RIGHT);
		dialogVPanel.add(closeButton);
		dialogBox.setWidget(dialogVPanel);

		// Add a handler to close the DialogBox
		closeButton.addClickHandler(new ClickHandler() {
			public void onClick(ClickEvent event) {
				dialogBox.hide();
				sendButton.setEnabled(true);
				sendButton.setFocus(true);
			}
		});

		// Create a handler for the sendButton and nameField
		class MyHandler implements ClickHandler, KeyUpHandler {
			/**
			 * Fired when the user clicks on the sendButton.
			 */
			public void onClick(ClickEvent event) {
				sendNameToServer();
			}

			/**
			 * Fired when the user types in the nameField.
			 */
			public void onKeyUp(KeyUpEvent event) {
				if (event.getNativeKeyCode() == KeyCodes.KEY_ENTER) {
					sendNameToServer();
				}
			}

			/**
			 * Send the name from the nameField to the server and wait for a response.
			 */
			private void sendNameToServer() {
				// First, we validate the input.
				errorLabel.setText("");
				String textToServer = nameField.getText();
				if (!FieldVerifier.isValidName(textToServer)) {
					errorLabel.setText("Please enter at least four characters");
					return;
				}

				// Then, we send the input to the server.
				sendButton.setEnabled(false);
				textToServerLabel.setText(textToServer);
				serverResponseLabel.setText("");
				greetingService.greetServer(textToServer,
						new AsyncCallback<String>() {
							public void onFailure(Throwable caught) {
								// Show the RPC error message to the user
								dialogBox
										.setText("Remote Procedure Call - Failure");
								serverResponseLabel
										.addStyleName("serverResponseLabelError");
								serverResponseLabel.setHTML(SERVER_ERROR);
								dialogBox.center();
								closeButton.setFocus(true);
							}

							public void onSuccess(String result) {
								dialogBox.setText("Remote Procedure Call");
								serverResponseLabel
										.removeStyleName("serverResponseLabelError");
								serverResponseLabel.setHTML(result);
								dialogBox.center();
								closeButton.setFocus(true);
							}
						});
			}
		}

		// Add a handler to send the name to the server
		MyHandler handler = new MyHandler();
		sendButton.addClickHandler(handler);
		nameField.addKeyUpHandler(handler);
	}
}

FirstGXTApp.java

package com.danielvaughan.firstapp.client;

import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.Style.HorizontalAlignment;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.event.ButtonEvent;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.event.ComponentEvent;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.event.KeyListener;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.event.SelectionListener;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.Dialog;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.Label;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.VerticalPanel;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.button.Button;
import com.extjs.gxt.ui.client.widget.form.TextField;
import com.google.gwt.core.client.EntryPoint;
import com.google.gwt.core.client.GWT;
import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.KeyCodes;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.rpc.AsyncCallback;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.HTML;
import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.RootPanel;

/**
 * Entry point classes define <code>onModuleLoad()</code>.
 */
public class FirstGXTApp implements EntryPoint {
	/**
	 * The message displayed to the user when the server cannot be reached or
	 * returns an error.
	 */
	private static final String SERVER_ERROR = "An error occurred while "
			+ "attempting to contact the server. Please check your network "
			+ "connection and try again.";


	/**
	 * Create a remote service proxy to talk to the server-side Greeting
	 * service.
	 */
	private final GreetingServiceAsync greetingService = GWT
			.create(GreetingService.class);
	
	private final Dialog dialogBox = new Dialog();
	private final VerticalPanel dialogVPanel = new VerticalPanel();
	private final TextField<String> nameField = new TextField<String>();
	private final Button sendButton = new Button("Send");
	private final HTML serverResponseLabel = new HTML();
	private final Label textToServerLabel = new Label();

	/**
	 * This is the entry point method.
	 */
	public void onModuleLoad() {

		nameField.setValue("GWT User");

		// We can add style names to widgets
		sendButton.addStyleName("sendButton");

		// Add the nameField and sendButton to the RootPanel
		// Use RootPanel.get() to get the entire body element
		RootPanel.get("nameFieldContainer").add(nameField);
		RootPanel.get("sendButtonContainer").add(sendButton);

		// Focus the cursor on the name field when the app loads
		nameField.focus();
		nameField.selectAll();

		// Create the popup dialog box

		dialogBox.setHeading("Remote Procedure Call");
		dialogBox.setAnimCollapse(true);

		dialogVPanel.addStyleName("dialogVPanel");
		dialogVPanel.add(new HTML("<b>Sending name to the server:</b>"));
		dialogVPanel.add(textToServerLabel);
		dialogVPanel.add(new HTML("<br><b>Server replies:</b>"));
		dialogVPanel.add(serverResponseLabel);
		dialogVPanel.setHorizontalAlign(HorizontalAlignment.RIGHT);
		dialogBox.setButtons(Dialog.CLOSE);
		dialogBox.add(dialogVPanel);

		Button closeButton = dialogBox.getButtonById(Dialog.CLOSE);
		// Add a handler to close the DialogBox
		closeButton.addSelectionListener(new SelectionListener<ButtonEvent>() {
			@Override
			public void componentSelected(ButtonEvent ce) {
				dialogBox.hide();
				sendButton.setEnabled(true);
				sendButton.focus();
			}
		});

		sendButton.addSelectionListener(new SelectionListener<ButtonEvent>() {
			/**
			 * Fired when the user clicks on the sendButton.
			 */
			@Override
			public void componentSelected(ButtonEvent ce) {
				sendNameToServer();
			}
		});

		// Add a handler to send the name to the server
		nameField.addKeyListener(new KeyListener() {
			/**
			 * Fired when the user types in the nameField.
			 */
			@Override
			public void componentKeyUp(ComponentEvent event) {
				if (event.isSpecialKey(KeyCodes.KEY_ENTER)) {
					sendNameToServer();
				}
			}
		});
	}

	/**
	 * Send the name from the nameField to the server and wait for a response.
	 */
	private void sendNameToServer() {
		sendButton.setEnabled(false);
		String textToServer = nameField.getValue();
		textToServerLabel.setText(textToServer);
		serverResponseLabel.setText("");
		greetingService.greetServer(textToServer, new AsyncCallback<String>() {
			public void onFailure(Throwable caught) {
				// Show the RPC error message to the user
				dialogBox.setHeading("Remote Procedure Call - Failure");
				serverResponseLabel.addStyleName("serverResponseLabelError");
				serverResponseLabel.setHTML(SERVER_ERROR);
				dialogBox.show();
				dialogBox.center();
				Button closeButton = dialogBox.getButtonById(Dialog.CLOSE);
				closeButton.focus();
			}

			public void onSuccess(String result) {
				dialogBox.setHeading("Remote Procedure Call");
				serverResponseLabel.removeStyleName("serverResponseLabelError");
				serverResponseLabel.setHTML(result);
				dialogBox.show();
				dialogBox.center();
				Button closeButton = dialogBox.getButtonById(Dialog.CLOSE);
				closeButton.focus();
			}
		});
	}
}

• 两个文件修改好了之后，我们要修改GWT的module文件。打开FirstApp.gxt.xml，修改entry-point为新的FirstGXTApp。然后我们运行一下吧

<!--entry-point class='com.danielvaughan.firstapp.client.FirstApp' /-->
<entry-point class='com.danielvaughan.firstapp.client.FirstGXTApp' />