ubantu16.04 nginx安装与卸载

1. 安装nginx的依赖包

# 查看zlib是否安装
dpkg -l | grep zlib
# 解决依赖包openssl安装
sudo apt-get install openssl libssl-dev
# 解决依赖包pcre安装
sudo apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
# 解决依赖包zlib安装
sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev

2. 下载nginx

# 下载nginx
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.1.tar.gz
# 解压nginx
tar -xzvf nginx-1.13.1.tar.gz
# 重命名文件夹
mv nginx-1.13.1 nginx
# 移动文件夹到ubuntu常见软件目录下
mv nginx/ /usr/local/

3. 安装nginx

nginx官网

# 配置nginx
cd /usr/local/nginx
sudo ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module
# 编译nginx
sudo make
# 安装nginx
sudo make install

4. 利用Ubuntu的仓库安装

sudo apt-get install nginx

5. 检查nginx是否安装成功

• 显示所有运行中nginx服务ps -ef | grep nginx

root      11299      1  0 00:26 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on;
www-data  11300  11299  0 00:26 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www-data  11301  11299  0 00:26 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
sun       11320   2632  0 00:26 pts/9    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

• 使用sudo nginx -t进行测试，获取配置文件位置

nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok  # 配置文件所在位置
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

6. Nginx操作提示：

sudo ufw status  # 查看当前防火墙状态
sudo ufw enable  # 命令来开发防火墙
sudo ufw disable  # 命令来关闭防火墙
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start  #启动
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx stop  #关闭
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart  #重启
sudo dpkg -S nginx   #查询所有nginx的位置

• 关键项位置

/etc/nginx  # 所有的配置文件所在目录 包括nginx.conf
/etc/nginx/sites-available  # 所有虚拟主机位置
/usr/sbin/nginx  # 程序文件所在位置
/var/www/nginx-default # 默认的虚拟主机的目录设置位置(有的版本默认的虚拟
# 主机的目录设置在了/var/www, 请参考/etc/nginx/sites-available里的配置)
/var/log/nginx/error.log   # 错误日志所在位置、
sudo /etc/init.d//nginx start # 启动脚本nginx
sudo /etc/init.d//nginx stop # 停止脚本nginx

• 在nginx运行时，重新加载配置文件

cd /etc/ningx
sudo nginx -s reload 

7. 修改Nginx默认端口号

• 打开/etc/nginx/nginx.conf文件，修改端口号

server {
    listen       8088;    # 修改端口号
    server_name  localhost;

    #charset koi8-r; 

    #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

• 此处配置远程访问服务器名

#gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  manage.leyou.com;
 
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
 
        location / {
			proxy_pass http://192.168.0.11:9001; #主机地址下的9001端口
			proxy_connect_timeout 6000;
			proxy_read_timeout 6000;
        }
    }
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  api.leyou.com;
 
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
 
        location / {
			proxy_pass http://192.168.0.11:10010;
			proxy_connect_timeout 6000;
			proxy_read_timeout 6000;
        }
    }

8. 卸载nginx

sudo apt-get remove nginx nginx-common # 卸载删除除了配置文件以外的所有文件。

sudo apt-get purge nginx nginx-common # 卸载所有东东，包括删除配置文件。

sudo apt-get autoremove # 在上面命令结束后执行，主要是卸载删除Nginx的不再被使用的依赖包。

sudo apt-get remove nginx-full nginx-common #卸载删除两个主要的包。

sudo dpkg -S nginx   # 查询所有nginx的位置，并逐一删除

sudo service nginx restart  # 重启nginx 会显示没有，则卸载成功

注意事项：

• 由于我是使用的ubantu仓库进行的安装，因此安装的是最新的nginx，它与一般的有所不同，首先nginx.conf为只读状态，而且与内容有所不同，必须使用sudo gedit nginx.conf命令打开配置文件，改后的配置文件如下：

user www-data;
worker_processes auto;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

events {
	worker_connections 768;
	# multi_accept on;
}

http {

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  manage.leyou.com;
 
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
 
        location / {
			proxy_pass http://192.168.0.11:9001; #主机地址下的9001端口
			proxy_connect_timeout 6000;
			proxy_read_timeout 6000;
        }
    }
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  api.leyou.com;
 
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
 
        location / {
			proxy_pass http://192.168.0.11:10010;
			proxy_connect_timeout 6000;
			proxy_read_timeout 6000;
        }
    }


	##
	# Basic Settings
	##

	sendfile on;
	tcp_nopush on;
	tcp_nodelay on;
	keepalive_timeout 65;
	types_hash_max_size 2048;
	# server_tokens off;

	# server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
	# server_name_in_redirect off;

	include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
	default_type application/octet-stream;

	##
	# SSL Settings
	##

	ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
	ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

	##
	# Logging Settings
	##

	access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
	error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

	##
	# Gzip Settings
	##

	gzip on;
	gzip_disable "msie6";

	# gzip_vary on;
	# gzip_proxied any;
	# gzip_comp_level 6;
	# gzip_buffers 16 8k;
	# gzip_http_version 1.1;
	# gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;

	##
	# Virtual Host Configs
	##

	include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
	include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}


#mail {
#	# See sample authentication script at:
#	# http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript
# 
#	# auth_http localhost/auth.php;
#	# pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER";
#	# imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS";
# 
#	server {
#		listen     localhost:110;
#		protocol   pop3;
#		proxy      on;
#	}
# 
#	server {
#		listen     localhost:143;
#		protocol   imap;
#		proxy      on;
#	}
#}

参考：

• https://www.cnblogs.com/zhaoyingjie/p/6840616.html