类所占的内存空间（代码示例）

代码如下：

#include <ctime>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
/*
 * 带有数据成员的基类
 */
struct CBaseClass1
{
    CBaseClass1( size_t i ) : m_val( i ) {}


    size_t m_val;
};
/*
 * 虚拟继承体系
 */
struct CSubClassV1 : public virtual CBaseClass1
{
    CSubClassV1( size_t i ) : CBaseClass1( i ) {}
};


struct CSubClassV2 : public virtual CBaseClass1
{
    CSubClassV2( size_t i ) : CBaseClass1( i ) {}
};


struct CDiamondClass1 : public CSubClassV1, public CSubClassV2
{
    CDiamondClass1( size_t i ) : CBaseClass1( i ), CSubClassV1( i ), CSubClassV2( i ) {}
};


struct CDiamondSubClass1 : public CDiamondClass1
{
    CDiamondSubClass1( size_t i ) : CBaseClass1( i ), CDiamondClass1( i ) {}
};
/*
 * 正常继承体系
 */
struct CSubClassN1 : public CBaseClass1
{
    CSubClassN1( size_t i ) : CBaseClass1( i ) {}
};
struct CSubClassN2 : public CBaseClass1
{
    CSubClassN2( size_t i ) : CBaseClass1( i ) {}
};
struct CMultiClass1 : public CSubClassN1, public CSubClassN2
{
    CMultiClass1( size_t i ) : CSubClassN1( i ), CSubClassN2( i ) {}
};
struct CMultiSubClass1 : public CMultiClass1
{
    CMultiSubClass1( size_t i ) : CMultiClass1( i ) {}
};
/*
 * 不带有数据成员的接口基类
 */
struct CBaseClass2
{
    virtual void func() {};
    virtual ~CBaseClass2() {}
};
/*
 * 虚拟继承体系
 */
// struct CBaseClassX { CBaseClassX() {i1 = i2 = 0xFFFFFFFF;} size_t i1, i2;};
struct CSubClassV3 : public virtual CBaseClass2
{
};
struct CSubClassV4 : public virtual CBaseClass2
{
};
struct CDiamondClass2 : public CSubClassV3, public CSubClassV4
{
};
struct CDiamondSubClass2 : public CDiamondClass2
{
};


/*
 * 正常继承体系
 */
struct CSubClassN3 : public CBaseClass2
{
};
struct CSubClassN4 : public CBaseClass2
{
};
struct CMultiClass2 : public CSubClassN3, public CSubClassN4
{
};
struct CMultiSubClass2 : public CMultiClass2
{
};


/*
 * 内存布局用类声明.
 */
struct CLayoutBase1
{
    CLayoutBase1() : m_val1( 0 ), m_val2( 1 ) {}


    size_t m_val1, m_val2;
};
struct CLayoutBase2
{
    CLayoutBase2() : m_val1( 3 ) {}


    size_t m_val1;
};
struct CLayoutSubClass1 : public virtual CBaseClass1, public CLayoutBase1, public CLayoutBase2
{
    CLayoutSubClass1() : CBaseClass1( 2 ) {}
};




#define MAX_TEST_COUNT 1000 * 1000 * 16
#define TIME_ELAPSE() ( std::clock() - start * 1.0 ) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC


int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
    /*
     * 类体系中的尺寸.
     */
    std::cout << "================================ sizeof ================================" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "    ----------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CBaseClass1 )       = " << sizeof( CBaseClass1 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CSubClassV1 )       = " << sizeof( CSubClassV1 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CSubClassV2 )       = " << sizeof( CSubClassV2 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CDiamondClass1 )    = " << sizeof( CDiamondClass1 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CDiamondSubClass1 ) = " << sizeof( CDiamondSubClass1 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CSubClassN1 )       = " << sizeof( CSubClassN1 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CSubClassN2 )       = " << sizeof( CSubClassN2 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CMultiClass1 )      = " << sizeof( CMultiClass1 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CMultiSubClass1 )   = " << sizeof( CMultiSubClass1 ) << std::endl;


    std::cout << "    ----------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CBaseClass2 )       = " << sizeof( CBaseClass2 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CSubClassV3 )       = " << sizeof( CSubClassV3 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CSubClassV4 )       = " << sizeof( CSubClassV4 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CDiamondClass2 )    = " << sizeof( CDiamondClass2 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CDiamondSubClass2 ) = " << sizeof( CDiamondSubClass2 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CSubClassN3 )       = " << sizeof( CSubClassN3 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CSubClassN4 )       = " << sizeof( CSubClassN4 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CMultiClass2 )      = " << sizeof( CMultiClass2 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CMultiSubClass2 )   = " << sizeof( CMultiSubClass2 ) << std::endl;
    /*
     * 对象内存布局
     */
    std::cout << "================================ layout ================================" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "    --------------------------------MI------------------------------" << std::endl;
    CLayoutSubClass1 *lsc = new CLayoutSubClass1;
    std::cout << "sizeof( CLayoutSubClass1 )   = " << sizeof( CLayoutSubClass1 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "CLayoutBase1 offset of CLayoutSubClass1 is " << (char*)(CLayoutBase1 *)lsc - (char*)lsc << std::endl;
    std::cout << "CBaseClass1  offset of CLayoutSubClass1 is " << (char*)(CBaseClass1  *)lsc - (char*)lsc << std::endl;
    std::cout << "CLayoutBase2 offset of CLayoutSubClass1 is " << (char*)(CLayoutBase2 *)lsc - (char*)lsc << std::endl;


    int *ptr = (int*)lsc;
    std::cout << "vbc in CLayoutSubClass1 is " << *(int*)ptr[3] << std::endl;


    delete lsc;


    std::cout << "    --------------------------------SI------------------------------" << std::endl;
    CSubClassV1 *scv1 = new CSubClassV1( 1 );
    std::cout << "sizeof( CSubClassV1 )   = " << sizeof( CSubClassV1 ) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "CBaseClass1 offset of CSubClassV1 is " << (char*)(CBaseClass1 *)scv1 - (char*)scv1 << std::endl;


    ptr = (int*)scv1;
    std::cout << "vbc in CSubClassV1 is " << *(int*)ptr[0] << std::endl;


    delete scv1;
    return 0; 
}

结果图：