组合模式

1.定义

是一种将对象组合成树状的层次结构的模式，用来表示“部分-整体”的关系，使用户对单个对象和组合对象具有一致的访问性。

2.场景

需求：展示公司所有部门的员工

2.1 重构前

public class Company {
    private List<Department> departmentList = new ArrayList<>();
    private String name;

    public Company(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void addDepartment(Department department) {
        departmentList.add(department);
    }

    public void display() {
        System.out.println("company:" + name);
        for(Department department : departmentList){
            department.display();
        }
    }
}


public class Department {
    private List<Staff> staffList = new ArrayList<>();
    private String name;

    public Department(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void addStaff(Staff staff) {
        staffList.add(staff);
    }

    public void display() {
        System.out.println("department:" + name);
        for (Staff staff : staffList) {
            staff.display();
        }
    }
}


public class Staff {
    private List<Staff> staffList = new ArrayList<>();
    private String name;

    public Staff(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }


    public void display() {
        System.out.println("staff:" + name);
    }
}

 // 第一版
        Company company = new Company("小型公司");
        Department department1 = new Department("财务部");
        Department department2 = new Department("技术部");
        Department department3 = new Department("人事部");
        company.addDepartment(department1);
        company.addDepartment(department2);
        company.addDepartment(department3);
        Staff staff1 = new Staff("张三");
        Staff staff2 = new Staff("李四");
        Staff staff3 = new Staff("王五");
        Staff staff4 = new Staff("赵六");
        Staff staff5 = new Staff("孙七");
        department1.addStaff(staff1);
        department2.addStaff(staff2);
        department2.addStaff(staff3);
        department3.addStaff(staff4);
        department3.addStaff(staff5);
        company.display();
		
----------------------------console
company:小型公司
department:财务部
staff:张三
department:技术部
staff:李四
staff:王五
department:人事部
staff:赵六
staff:孙七

问题：由于部门扩展，技术部要增加两个新的子部门：风控部，数据部该怎么办呢？
由于公司，部门和员工存在明显的“整体-部分”的特点，可以使用组合模式改造代码。

2.2 重构后

公司，部门和员工的抽象接口，定义了几种添加和展示方法

public interface Organization {

    void addCompany(Organization organization);
    void addDepartment(Organization organization);
    void addStaff(Organization organization);
    void display();
}

重新设计这些类，对不能使用的方式抛出UnsupportedOperationException，防止被误调用。

public class Company implements Organization {
    private List<Organization> organizationList = new ArrayList<>();
    private String name;

    public Company(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }


    @Override
    public void addCompany(Organization organization) {
        organizationList.add(organization);
    }

    @Override
    public void addDepartment(Organization organization) {
        organizationList.add(organization);
    }

    @Override
    public void addStaff(Organization organization) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); // 不能直接添加员工
    }

    @Override
    public void display() {
        System.out.println("company:" + name);
        for (Organization organization : organizationList) {
            organization.display();
        }
    }
}

public class Department implements Organization {
    private List<Organization> organizationList = new ArrayList<>();
    private String name;

    public Department(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }


    @Override
    public void addCompany(Organization organization) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    @Override
    public void addDepartment(Organization organization) {
        organizationList.add(organization);
    }

    @Override
    public void addStaff(Organization organization) {
        organizationList.add(organization);
    }

    public void display() {
        System.out.println("department:" + name);
        for (Organization organization : organizationList) {
            organization.display();
        }
    }
}


public class Staff implements Organization{
    private String name;

    public Staff(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }


    @Override
    public void addCompany(Organization organization) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    @Override
    public void addDepartment(Organization organization) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    @Override
    public void addStaff(Organization organization) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    public void display() {
        System.out.println("staff:" + name);
    }
}

// 测试代码
        Company company = new Company("小型公司");
        Department department1 = new Department("财务部");
        Department department2 = new Department("技术部");
        Department department3 = new Department("人事部");
        company.addDepartment(department1);
        company.addDepartment(department2);
        company.addDepartment(department3);
        Staff staff1 = new Staff("张三");
        Staff staff2 = new Staff("李四");
        Staff staff3 = new Staff("王五");
        Staff staff4 = new Staff("赵六");
        Staff staff5 = new Staff("孙七");
        department1.addStaff(staff1);
        department2.addStaff(staff2);
        department2.addStaff(staff3);
        department3.addStaff(staff4);
        department3.addStaff(staff5);
//        company.display();

        Department department4 = new Department("风控部");
        Department department5 = new Department("数据部");
        department2.addDepartment(department4);
        department2.addDepartment(department5);
        Staff staff6 = new Staff("小李");
        Staff staff7 = new Staff("小芬");
        department4.addStaff(staff6);
        department5.addStaff(staff7);
        company.display();