尚学堂Struts学习笔记2：JSTL_格式化库及函数库

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-02 14:23:10 发布

mixturemay

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-02 14:23:10 发布

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分类专栏： Struts 文章标签： struts 测试 string path exception user

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/mixturemay/article/details/3006240

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jstl标签库的配置
* 将jstl.jar和standard.jar拷贝到WEB-INF/lib下（如果使用el表达式，不用拷贝这两个jar）

注意：jstl必须在能够支持j2ee1.4/servlet2.4/jsp2.0版本上的容器才能运行，这个环境
是目前较为常用的环境

标签库的使用
* 采用taglib指令引入
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"%>

自定义函数库：
1、定义类和方法（方法必须是public static）
2、编写自定义tld文件，并且将此文件放到WEB-INF或WEB-INF任意子目录下
3、在jsp中采用taglib指令引入自定义函数库
4、采用前缀+冒号+函数名调用即可

测试EL表达式：

jstl_el.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
 pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>测试EL表达式</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>测试EL表达式</h1> 
<hr>
<li>普通字符串</li> 
hello(jsp脚本):<%=request.getAttribute("hello") %> 
hello(el表达式,el表达式的使用方法$和{}):${hello } 
hello(el表达式,el的隐含对象pageScope,requestScope,sessionScope,applicationScope, 如果未指定scope,它的搜索顺序为pageScope~applicationScope):${requestScope.hello } 
hello(el表达式,scope=session):${sessionScope.hello } 

<li>结构,采用.进行导航，也称存取器</li> 
姓名：${user.username } 
年龄：${user.age } 
所属组：${user.group.name } 

<li>输出map,采用.进行导航，也称存取器</li> 
mapvalue.key1:${mapvalue.key1 } 
mapvalue.key2:${mapvalue.key2 } 

<li>输出数组,采用[]和下标</li> 
strarray[2]:${strarray[1] } 

<li>输出对象数组,采用[]和下标</li> 
userarray[3].username:${users[2].username } 

<li>输出list,采用[]和下标</li> 
userlist[5].username:${userlist[4].username } 

<li>el表达式对运算符的支持</li> 
1+2=${1+2 } 
10/5=${10/5 } 
10 div 5=${10 div 5 } 
10%3=${10 % 3 } 
10 mod 3=${10 mod 3 } 

<li>测试empty</li> 
value1:${empty value1 } 
value2:${empty value2 } 
value3:${empty value3 } 
value4:${empty value4 } 
value4:${!empty value4 } 
</body>
</html>

JstlElAction.java：

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

/**
* 测试EL表达式
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class JstlElAction extends Action {

@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
 HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
 throws Exception {
 //普通字符串
 request.setAttribute("hello", "hello world");

 //结构
 Group group = new Group();
 group.setName("尚学堂");

 User user = new User();
 user.setUsername("张三");
 user.setAge(18);
 user.setGroup(group);

 request.setAttribute("user", user);

 //map
 Map mapValue = new HashMap();
 mapValue.put("key1", "value1");
 mapValue.put("key2", "value2");

 request.setAttribute("mapvalue", mapValue);

 //字符串数组
 String[] strArray = new String[]{"a", "b", "c"};
 request.setAttribute("strarray", strArray);

 User[] users = new User[10];
 for (int i=0; i<10; i++) {
 User u = new User();
 u.setUsername("U_" + i);
 users[i] = u;
 }
 request.setAttribute("users", users);

 List userList = new ArrayList();
 for (int i=0; i<10; i++) {
 User uu = new User();
 uu.setUsername("UU_" + i);
 userList.add(uu);
 }
 request.setAttribute("userlist", userList);

 //empty
 request.setAttribute("value1", null);
 request.setAttribute("value2", "");
 request.setAttribute("value3", new ArrayList());
 request.setAttribute("value4", "123456");
 return mapping.findForward("success");
}

}

效果呈现：

测试jstl格式化库：

jstl_fmt.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>测试jstl格式化库</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>测试jstl格式化库</h1>
<hr>
<li>测试日期的格式化</li> 
today(default):<fmt:formatDate value="${today}"/> 
today(type="date"):<fmt:formatDate value="${today}" type="date"/> 
today(type="time"):<fmt:formatDate value="${today}" type="time"/> 
today(type="both"):<fmt:formatDate value="${today}" type="both"/> 
today(dateStyle="short"):<fmt:formatDate value="${today}" dateStyle="short"/> 
today(dateStyle="medium"):<fmt:formatDate value="${today}" dateStyle="medium"/> 
today(dateStyle="long"):<fmt:formatDate value="${today}" dateStyle="long"/> 
today(dateStyle="full"):<fmt:formatDate value="${today}" dateStyle="full"/> 
today(pattern="yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss"):<fmt:formatDate value="${today}" pattern="yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss"/> 
today(pattern="yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss"):<fmt:formatDate value="${today}" pattern="yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss" var="d"/> 
${d } 

<li>测试数字的格式化</li> 
n(default):<fmt:formatNumber value="${n}"/> 
n(pattern="###,###.##"):<fmt:formatNumber value="${n}" pattern="###,###.##"/> 
n(pattern="###,###.0000"):<fmt:formatNumber value="${n}" pattern="###,###.0000"/> 
n(groupingUsed="false"):<fmt:formatNumber value="${n}" groupingUsed="false"/> 
n(minIntegerDigits="10"):<fmt:formatNumber value="${n}" minIntegerDigits="10"/> 
n(type="currency"):<fmt:formatNumber value="${n}" type="currency"/> 
n(type="currency"):<fmt:formatNumber value="${n}" type="currency" currencySymbol="$"/> 
n(type="percent"):<fmt:formatNumber value="${p}" type="percent" maxFractionDigits="2" minFractionDigits="2"/> 
</body>
</html>

JstlFmtAction.java:

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

/**
* 测试jstl格式化库
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class JstlFmtAction extends Action {

@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
   HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws Exception {
  request.setAttribute("today", new Date());

  request.setAttribute("n", 123456.123);

  request.setAttribute("p", 0.12345);
  return mapping.findForward("success");
}

}

效果呈现：

测试jstl函数库:

jstl_fn.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="my" uri="http://www.bjsxt.com/functions"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>测试jstl函数库</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>测试jstl函数库</h1>
<hr>
hello.length=(jsp脚本):<%=((String)request.getAttribute("hello")).length() %> 
hello.length(jstl函数库，函数调用必须在el表达式中前缀+冒号+函数名):${fn:length(hello) } 
list.length:${fn:length(list) } 

<li>测试自定义函数库</li> 
${my:sayHello(name) } 
</body>
</html>

JstlFnAction.java:

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

/**
* 测试jstl函数库
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class JstlFnAction extends Action {

@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
   HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws Exception {

  request.setAttribute("hello", "hello world");

  List list = new ArrayList();
  list.add("t1");
  list.add("t2");

  request.setAttribute("list", list);

  request.setAttribute("name", "Tom");
  return mapping.findForward("success");
}

}

效果呈现：

用到的几个类：

User.java:

package com.bjsxt.struts;

public class User {

private String username1;

private int age;

private Group group;

public String getUsername() {
return username1;
}

public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username1 = username;
}

public int getAge() {
return age;
}

public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}

public Group getGroup() {
return group;
}

public void setGroup(Group group) {
this.group = group;
}
}
Group.java:

package com.bjsxt.struts;

public class Group {

private String name;

public String getName() {
return name;
}

public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}

MyFunctions.java:

package com.bjsxt.struts;

public class MyFunctions {

/**
* 方法必须是public static
* @param name
* @return
*/
public static String sayHello(String name) {
return "Hello " + name;
}
}
在WEB-INF下面的：

myfunctions.tld：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd"
version="2.0">

<description>my functions library</description>
<display-name>my functions</display-name>
<tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version>
<short-name>my</short-name>
<uri>http://www.bjsxt.com/functions</uri>

<function>
 <name>sayHello</name>
 <function-class>com.bjsxt.struts.MyFunctions</function-class>
 <function-signature>java.lang.String sayHello(java.lang.String)</function-signature>
</function>
</taglib>
struts-config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>

<action-mappings>
 <action path="/jstlel"
 type="com.bjsxt.struts.JstlElAction"
 >
 <forward name="success" path="/jstl_el.jsp"/>
 </action>

 <action path="/jstlcore"
 type="com.bjsxt.struts.JstlCoreAction"
 >
 <forward name="success" path="/jstl_core.jsp"/>
 </action>

 <action path="/jstlfmt"
 type="com.bjsxt.struts.JstlFmtAction"
 >
 <forward name="success" path="/jstl_fmt.jsp"/>
 </action>

 <action path="/jstlfn"
 type="com.bjsxt.struts.JstlFnAction"
 >
 <forward name="success" path="/jstl_fn.jsp"/>
 </action>

</action-mappings>
</struts-config>

index.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
 <base href="<%=basePath%>">

 <title>测试JSTL</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">

</head>

<body>
 <h1>测试JSTL</h1>
 <hr>
 <a href="jstlel.do">测试EL表达式</a> 
 <a href="jstlcore.do">测试jstl核心库</a> 
 <a href="jstlfmt.do">测试jstl格式化库</a> 
 <a href="jstlfn.do">测试jstl函数库</a>
</body>
</html>