1.Android中的广播分为两种：
（1）标准广播：完全异步执行，当广播发出时，所有的广播接收器同时收到消息，故无法被截断；
（2）有序广播：同步执行，在一条广播发出后，广播接收器1收到消息，处理完毕后，才会传到广播接收器2，故前面的广播接收器可以截断正在传递的广播。
2.广播接收器注册的方法分为两种：
（1）动态注册：在代码中注册；动态注册的广播接收器可以自由地控制注册与注销，在灵活性方面有很大的优势，但是它有一个缺点，必须在程序启动之后才能收到广播
（2）静态注册：在AndroidManifest.xml中注册；可以让程序在未启动的情况下就能接收到广播。
下文都为系统全局广播
3.接收系统广播（以动态注册监听网络变化为例），需用将NetWorkChangeReceiver定义为内部类
（1）只可以监听到网络状态发生变化，但不知道目前的网络状态
public class MainActivity extends Activity
{
private IntentFilter intentFilter;
private NetWorkChangeReceiver netWorkChangeReceiver;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction("android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE"); //添加响应广播的action
netWorkChangeReceiver = new NetWorkChangeReceiver();
registerReceiver(netWorkChangeReceiver, intentFilter); //调用此方法进行注册后，NetWorkChangeReceiver类就会收到action对应的广播
}
private class NetWorkChangeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{
//当网络状态发生变化时，onReceive方法将得以执行
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Toast.makeText(context, "network changes", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
//动态注册的广播都需要取消注册
@Override
protected void onDestroy()
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDestroy();
unregisterReceiver(netWorkChangeReceiver); //取消注册
}
}
（2）在（1）的基础上，知道网络状态，只需修改onReceive方法，
private class NetWorkChangeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{
//当网络状态发生变化时，方法得以执行
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//ConnectivityManager类是一个系统服务类，专门用于管理网络连接
ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager)getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo networkInfo = connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if(networkInfo != null && networkInfo.isAvailable())
{
Toast.makeText(context, "network is available", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(context, "network is unavailable", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
若程序需要访问一些系统的关键信息，必须在配置文件中声明权限
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.broadcasttest"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="14"
android:targetSdkVersion="21" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
4.接收系统广播（静态注册实现开机启动），不再使用内部类的方式来定义广播接收器，但要在AndroidManifest.xml中将这个广播接收器的类名注册进去。
（1）不用内部类定义广播接收器
public class BootComplteteReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Toast.makeText(context, "Boot Complete", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
（2）注册权限
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.broadcasttest"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="14"
android:targetSdkVersion="21" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<receiver
android:name="com.example.broadcasttest.BootComplteteReceiver"> //类名
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
</application>
</manifest>
动态注册有问题。。。。。。没解决。。。。。。。猜想是不是系统的问题
5.发送自定义广播
（1）发送标准广播
a.新建一个MyBroadcastReceive.java，其中MyBroadcastReceive类继承自BroadcastReceiver，一定要新建!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!，不然程序会死
public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.d("myError", "出问题了啊");
Toast.makeText(context, "received in MyBroadcastReceiver", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
b.在AndroidManifest.xml中进行注册
<receiver
android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
c.在布局文件中定义一个按钮，作为发送广播的触发点，然后修改mainActivity中的代码
Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()
{
@Override
public void onClick(View v)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.d("myError", "出问题了");
Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST");
sendBroadcast(intent);
Log.d("myError", "没问题");
}
});
（2）发送有序广播
a.MainActivity中：
Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()
{
@Override
public void onClick(View v)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.d("myError", "出问题了");
Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST");
sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null); //发送有序广播，第一个参数是Intent，第二个参数是一个与权限相关的字符串，这里传入null就行了
Log.d("myError", "没问题");
}
});
b.AndroidManifest.xml
<receiver
android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver">
<intent-filter android:priority="100"> //给广播接收器设置优先级，优先级比较高的广播器就可以先收到广播
<action android:name="com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
c.public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.d("myError", "出问题了啊");
Toast.makeText(context, "received in MyBroadcastReceiver", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
abortBroadcast(); //截断广播
}
}
上文都为系统全局广播
6.使用本地广播
//动态注册广播
public class MainActivity extends Activity
{
private LocalReceiver localReceiver; //广播接收器
private IntentFilter intentFilter; //过滤广播
private LocalBroadcastManager localBroadcastManager; //本地广播
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//IntentFilter对象负责过滤掉组件无法响应和处理的Intent，只将自己关心的Intent接收进来进行处理
intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction("com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST");
//获取实例
localBroadcastManager = LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this);
Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()
{
@Override
public void onClick(View v)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST");//传入要发送的广播的值
localBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent); //发送本地广播
}
});
localReceiver = new LocalReceiver();
localBroadcastManager.registerReceiver(localReceiver, intentFilter); //注册本地广播监听器
}
//创建广播接收器
class LocalReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Toast.makeText(context, "received local broadcast", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
//取消注册
@Override
protected void onDestroy()
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDestroy();
localBroadcastManager.unregisterReceiver(localReceiver);
}
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
