Maven项目模板

Maven提供用户，使用原型的概念，不同类型的项目模板（以数字614）是一个非常大的列表。 Maven帮助用户快速开始使用以下命令创建新的Java项目

mvn archetype:generate

什么是原型？

原型是一个Maven插件，其任务是创建一个项目结构按照其模板。我们将使用快速启动原型插件在这里创建一个简单的Java应用程序。

使用项目模板

让我们打开命令控制台，进入到C：\> MVN目录，然后执行以下命令mvn命令

C:\MVN>mvn archetype:generate 

Maven会开始处理，并会要求选择所需的原型

 
 

  
  INFO] Scanning for projects...
 
 
 
 

  
  [INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'archetype'.
 
 
 
 

  
  [INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
[INFO] Building Maven Default Project

 
 

  
  [INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
[INFO]    task-segment: [archetype:generate] (aggregator-style)
[INFO] Preparing archetype:generate

 
 

  
  601: remote -> org.trailsframework:trails-secure-archetype (-)
 
 
...
600: remote -> org.trailsframework:trails-archetype (-)

 
 

  
  603: remote -> org.wicketstuff.scala:wicket-scala-archetype (-)
 
 
602: remote -> org.tynamo:tynamo-archetype (-)

 
 

  
  Basic setup for a project that combines Scala and Wicket,
 
 
604: remote -> org.wicketstuff.scala:wicketstuff-scala-archetype 
depending on the Wicket-Scala project. 

 
 

  
  606: remote -> org.xaloon.archetype:xaloon-archetype-wicket-jpa-glassfish (-)
 
 
Includes an example Specs test.)
605: remote -> org.wikbook:wikbook.archetype (-)

 
 

  
  608: remote -> org.xwiki.commons:xwiki-commons-component-archetype 
 
 
607: remote -> org.xaloon.archetype:xaloon-archetype-wicket-jpa-spring (-)
(Make it easy to create a maven project for creating XWiki Components.)

 
 

  
  610: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-component (The ZK Component archetype)
 
 
609: remote -> org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-archetype-macro 
(Make it easy to create a maven project for creating XWiki Rendering Macros.)

 
 

  
  614: remote -> sk.seges.sesam:sesam-annotation-archetype (-)
 
 
611: remote -> org.zkoss:zk-archetype-webapp (The ZK wepapp archetype)
612: remote -> ru.circumflex:circumflex-archetype (-)
613: remote -> se.vgregion.javg.maven.archetypes:javg-minimal-archetype (-)

 
 

  
  (format: [groupId:]artifactId, case sensitive contains): 203:
 
 
 
 

  
  Choose a number or apply filter 
 
 

按Enter键选择默认选项（203：Maven原型 - 快速入门）

Maven会要求原型的特定版本

 
 

  
  Choose org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-quickstart version:
 
 
1: 1.0-alpha-1
2: 1.0-alpha-2
3: 1.0-alpha-3
4: 1.0-alpha-4
5: 1.0

 
 

  
  Choose a number: 6:
 
 
 
 

  
  6: 1.1
 
 

按Enter键选择默认选项（6：Maven原型 - 快速入门：1.1）

Maven会要求项目的细节。输入项目细节的要求。按回车，如果提供的默认值。您可以通过输入自己的值覆盖它们。

 
 

  
  Define value for property 'groupId': : com.companyname.insurance
 
 
Define value for property 'artifactId': : health

 
 

  
  Define value for property 'package': com.companyname.insurance:
 
 
 
 

  
  Define value for property 'version': 1.0-SNAPSHOT:
 
 

Maven会要求项目的细节确认。按回车键或按Y

 
 

  
  Confirm properties configuration:
 
 
 
 

  
  groupId: com.companyname.insurance
 
 
artifactId: health

 
 

  
  package: com.companyname.insurance
 
 
version: 1.0-SNAPSHOT

 
 

  
  Y:
 
 

现在，Maven将开始创建项目结构，并会显示如下内容：

 
 

  
  [INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project 

 
 

  
  [INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-quickstart:1.1

 
 

  
  [INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.companyname.insurance
 
 
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.companyname.insurance

 
 

  
  [INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:\MVN
 
 
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.companyname.insurance
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: health

 
 

  
  [INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: C:\MVN\health
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL

 
 

  
  [INFO] Finished at: Fri Jul 13 11:10:12 IST 2012
 
 
[INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 4 minutes 12 seconds
[INFO] Final Memory: 20M/90M

 
 

  
  [INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 

创建项目

现在转到C：\> MVN目录。会看到一个java应用程序项目创建了这是在创建项目时给出 artifactId 命名为：health 。 Maven将创建一个标准的目录布局如下图所示的项目：

创建的pom.xml

Maven生成如下所列项目中的 pom.xml 文件：

 
 

  
  <project
  
   
  
  xmlns
  
  =
  
  "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
  
   
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  xmlns:xsi
  
  =
  
  "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  xsi:schemaLocation
  
  =
  
  "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
 
 

 
 

  
     http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
  
  >
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  <modelVersion>
  
  4.0.0
  
  </modelVersion>
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  <groupId>
  
  com.companyname.insurance
  
  </groupId>
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  <artifactId>
  
  health
  
  </artifactId>
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  <version>
  
  1.0-SNAPSHOT
  
  </version>
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  <packaging>
  
  jar
  
  </packaging>
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  <name>
  
  health
  
  </name>
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  <url>
  
  http://maven.apache.org
  
  </url>
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  <properties>
 
 

 
 

  
        
  
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>
  
  UTF-8
  
  </project.build.sourceEncoding>
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  </properties>
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  <dependencies>
 
 

 
 

  
        
  
  <dependency>
 
 

 
 

  
        
  
  <groupId>
  
  junit
  
  </groupId>
 
 

 
 

  
           
  
  <artifactId>
  
  junit
  
  </artifactId>
 
 

 
 

  
           
  
  <version>
  
  3.8.1
  
  </version>
 
 

 
 

  
           
  
  <scope>
  
  test
  
  </scope>
 
 

 
 

  
        
  
  </dependency>
 
 

 
 

  
     
  
  </dependencies>
 
 

 
 

  
  </project>
 
 

创建App.java

Maven 示例生成Java源文件，App.java下面列出项目：

位置: C:\ > MVN > health > src > main > java > com > companyname > insurance > App.java

 
 

  
  package
  
   com
  
  .
  
  companyname
  
  .
  
  insurance
  
  ;
 
 


 
 
/**

 
 

  
   * Hello world!
 
 
 *

 
 

  
   */
 
 

 
 

  
  public
  
   
  
  class
  
   
  
  App
  
   
 
 

 
 

  
  {
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  public
  
   
  
  static
  
   
  
  void
  
   main
  
  (
  
   
  
  String
  
  []
  
   args 
  
  )
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  {
 
 

 
 

  
          
  
  System
  
  .
  
  out
  
  .
  
  println
  
  (
  
   
  
  "Hello World!"
  
   
  
  );
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  }
 
 

 
 

  
  }
 
 

创建AppTest.java

Maven的样本生成Java源测试文件，AppTest.java下面列出的项目：

位置: C:\ > MVN > health > src > test > java > com > companyname > insurance > AppTest.java

 
 

  
  package
  
   com
  
  .
  
  companyname
  
  .
  
  insurance
  
  ;
 
 


 
 
import junit.framework.Test;

 
 

  
  import
  
   junit
  
  .
  
  framework
  
  .
  
  TestCase
  
  ;
 
 

 
 

  
  import
  
   junit
  
  .
  
  framework
  
  .
  
  TestSuite
  
  ;
 
 


 
 
/**

 
 

  
   * Unit test for simple App.
 
 
 
 

  
   */
 
 

 
 

  
  public
  
   
  
  class
  
   
  
  AppTest
  
   
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  extends
  
   
  
  TestCase
 
 

 
 

  
  {
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  /**
 
 

 
 

  
       * Create the test case
 
 
     *

 
 

  
       * @param testName name of the test case
 
 
 
 

  
       */
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  public
  
   
  
  AppTest
  
  (
  
   
  
  String
  
   testName 
  
  )
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  {
 
 

 
 

  
          
  
  super
  
  (
  
   testName 
  
  );
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  }
 
 


 
 

  
      
  
  /**
 
 

 
 

  
       * @return the suite of tests being tested
 
 
 
 

  
       */
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  public
  
   
  
  static
  
   
  
  Test
  
   suite
  
  ()
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  {
 
 

 
 

  
          
  
  return
  
   
  
  new
  
   
  
  TestSuite
  
  (
  
   
  
  AppTest
  
  .
  
  class
  
   
  
  );
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  }
 
 


 
 

  
      
  
  /**
 
 

 
 

  
       * Rigourous Test :-)
 
 
 
 

  
       */
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  public
  
   
  
  void
  
   testApp
  
  ()
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  {
 
 

 
 

  
          assertTrue
  
  (
  
   
  
  true
  
   
  
  );
 
 

 
 

  
      
  
  }
 
 

 
 

  
  }
 
 

就是这样。现在可以看到Maven的功能。您可以创建任何类型，使用 maven 单一命令的项目并启动开发。