shell脚本之基础练习题（批量创建用户、99乘法表、检查软件是否安装、解决DOS攻击...）

1、获取随机字符串或数字

方法一：

 [root@centos ~]# vim random.sh
#!/bin/bash
function print_random() {
   
    for i in {
   1..10};
    do
        echo -e "$i \t $RANDOM"
    done
}
print_random

[root@centos ~]# sh random.sh

方法二：date随机数法

[root@centos ~]# vim date.sh
#!/bin/bash
a=`date +%s%N`
echo $a
[root@centos ~]# sh date.sh

方法三：通过内部系统变量

[root@centos ~]# echo $RANDOM
5173
[root@centos ~]# echo $RANDOM
9792

2、定义一个颜色输出字符串函数

[root@centos ~]# vim color.sh
#!/bin/bash

color(){
   
if [ $1 == "red" ]
then
        echo -e "\033[31m$2\033[0m"
elif [ $1 == "green" ]
then
         echo -e "\033[32m$2\033[0m"
elif [ $1 == "blue" ]
then
        echo -e "\033[36m$2\033[0m"
fi
}


color green "绿色"
color red "红色"
[root@centos ~]# sh color.sh
绿色
红色

关于shell脚本字体颜色拓展

3、批量创建用户

#！/bin/bash
read -p "please input passwd:" PASSWD
for UNAME in `cat file4`
do
    id $UNAME &> /dev/null

    if [ $? -eq 0 ]
    then
        echo "the $UNAME already exist"
    else
        useradd $UNAME &> /dev/null
        echo $PASSWD | passwd --stdin $UNAME &> /dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ]
        then
            echo "$UNAME create sucessful"
        else
            echo "$UNAME create failed"
        fi
    fi
done

4、检查软件包是否安装

rpm -ivh your-package                # 直接安装
rpmrpm --force -ivh your-package``.rpm # 忽略报错，强制安
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ql tree        # 查询
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e tree          # 卸载
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ql tree         # 查询

#!/bin/bash
read -p "input your rpm packe